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1.
Pediatr Radiol ; 54(8): 1261-1269, 2024 07.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38637337

RESUMO

A transseptal coronary artery course, also known as a transconal course, is an anomalous course of the left main coronary artery (LMCA) or the left anterior descending artery (LAD) through the conal septal myocardium. The conal septal myocardium is the posterior wall of the right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT), acting as a dividing myocardial wall between the subaortic and subpulmonary outflow tracts. The initial segment of a transseptal coronary artery has an extraconal course between the aorta and the RVOT cranial to the true intramyocardial segment. The transseptal coronary artery then emerges out of the conal septal myocardium at the epicardial surface on the lateral aspect of the RVOT. Many consider the transseptal coronary artery to be a benign entity. However, there are few case reports of severe cardiac symptoms such as myocardial ischemia, arrhythmia, and even sudden cardiac deaths due to potential coronary artery compression in the systolic phase.​ In this article, we seek to describe the imaging findings of transseptal coronary artery course on coronary computed tomography angiography (CTA), discuss their clinical analysis, and briefly discuss the management of these lesions.


Assuntos
Angiografia por Tomografia Computadorizada , Anomalias dos Vasos Coronários , Humanos , Anomalias dos Vasos Coronários/diagnóstico por imagem , Anomalias dos Vasos Coronários/cirurgia , Angiografia por Tomografia Computadorizada/métodos , Angiografia Coronária/métodos , Criança , Septos Cardíacos/diagnóstico por imagem
2.
Pediatr Radiol ; 51(2): 296-306, 2021 02.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32889583

RESUMO

Anomalous origin of the coronary arteries, though uncommon, is of great clinical concern. It can be the cause of sudden cardiac death and abnormal cardiac hemodynamics. Advances in electrocardiographically (ECG)-gated multi-detector CT have increased diagnostic accuracy in detecting anomalous origin of coronary arteries and their interarterial and intramural courses. Recent advances in multi-detector CT image processing software have allowed the creation of virtual endoluminal views of the aortic root and improved assessment of the intramural course (the length and relationship to the intercoronary commissure) of the coronary artery, which is of considerable surgical importance. We review our experience with virtual endoluminal imaging in our first 19 cases of interarterial coronary artery anomalies (17 cases of interarterial with intramural segment and 2 cases of purely interarterial course) diagnosed preoperatively and proven surgically.


Assuntos
Angiografia por Tomografia Computadorizada , Anomalias dos Vasos Coronários , Angiografia Coronária , Anomalias dos Vasos Coronários/diagnóstico por imagem , Anomalias dos Vasos Coronários/cirurgia , Humanos , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X
3.
Pediatr Radiol ; 47(9): 1031-1045, 2017 Aug.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28779189

RESUMO

Neurosonography has proven to be helpful in neonatal brain diagnosis. Premature infants are at great risk for intraventricular hemorrhage and periventricular leukomalacia, key abnormalities affecting developmental outcome. Here we discuss technique, anatomy, variants and key points for diagnosis.


Assuntos
Hemorragia Cerebral/diagnóstico por imagem , Ecoencefalografia/métodos , Recém-Nascido Prematuro , Leucomalácia Periventricular/diagnóstico por imagem , Humanos , Recém-Nascido , Prognóstico
4.
Urology ; 166: 241-245, 2022 08.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35643112

RESUMO

Fetus in fetu is a rare phenomenon of infancy, separate from conjoined twins, teratomas, and acardiac twins. The pathogenesis is not well understood but has been theorized to originate from either the involution of a twin or the differentiation of a teratoma. While the majority of these are found in the retroperitoneum, the presence of a fetus in fetu within the scrotum is exceedingly rare. We present the diagnosis and management of a case of fetus in fetu in the scrotum of a newborn male including radiologic imaging and pathologic examination.


Assuntos
Teratoma , Gêmeos Unidos , Abdome , Feto/diagnóstico por imagem , Feto/patologia , Humanos , Recém-Nascido , Masculino , Escroto/diagnóstico por imagem , Escroto/patologia , Teratoma/diagnóstico por imagem , Teratoma/cirurgia
5.
Ultrasound Q ; 35(3): 202-211, 2019 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30855418

RESUMO

Ultrasound of the infant brain has proven to be an important diagnostic tool in the evaluation of neonatal brain morphology and pathology since its introduction in the late 1970s and early 1980s. It is a relatively inexpensive examination that can be performed in the isolette in the neonatal intensive care unit. There is no radiation exposure and no need for sedation. This article will discuss gray scale and Doppler techniques and findings in normal head ultrasounds of premature neonates. It will discuss intracranial pathologies noted in such neonates and their neurodevelopmental outcome.


Assuntos
Encefalopatias/diagnóstico por imagem , Ultrassonografia/métodos , Encéfalo/diagnóstico por imagem , Humanos , Recém-Nascido , Recém-Nascido Prematuro
6.
Semin Ultrasound CT MR ; 37(2): 109-19, 2016 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27063661

RESUMO

Noncommunicating hydrocephalus is often referred to as obstructive hydrocephalus and is by definition an intraventricular obstruction of cerebrospinal fluid flow. Patient symptoms depend on the rapidity of onset. Acute obstructive hydrocephalus causes sudden rise in the intracranial pressure, which may lead to death, whereas in chronic hydrocephalus there may not be any symptoms. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging play important roles in the diagnosis and management of hydrocephalus. Advances in magnetic resonance imaging such as the 3D sequences and phase-contrast imaging have revolutionized the preoperative and postoperative assessment of noncommunicating hydrocephalus. We would be discussing the various causes of noncommunicating hydrocephalus and their imaging.


Assuntos
Ventrículos Cerebrais/diagnóstico por imagem , Derivações do Líquido Cefalorraquidiano/métodos , Líquido Cefalorraquidiano/diagnóstico por imagem , Hidrocefalia/diagnóstico por imagem , Hidrocefalia/terapia , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética/métodos , Derivações do Líquido Cefalorraquidiano/instrumentação , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Humanos , Hidrocefalia/classificação , Imageamento Tridimensional/métodos , Prognóstico , Resultado do Tratamento
7.
Semin Ultrasound CT MR ; 37(2): 159-73, 2016 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27063666

RESUMO

A cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) shunt is an internalized system used for the treatment of hydrocephalus and connects the ventricular system to the peritoneal space, right atrium, or the pleural space. The CSF shunt malfunction can occur due to obstruction, migration, overdrainage, infection, or CSF accumulation at the distal end. Although conventional radiography and radionuclide studies are used for evaluation of integrity of the shunts, computed tomography, ultrasound, and magnetic resonance imaging are used for the evaluation of shunt obstruction, migration, CSF accumulations, infections, overdrainage, and other complications. We discuss the different types and components of the CSF shunt, as this is important for the evaluation of the shunt integrity. Imaging of various causes of CSF shunt malfunction and the complications related to CSF shunts would be illustrated.


Assuntos
Derivações do Líquido Cefalorraquidiano/efeitos adversos , Hidrocefalia/diagnóstico por imagem , Hidrocefalia/terapia , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética/métodos , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/diagnóstico por imagem , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/etiologia , Medicina Baseada em Evidências , Humanos , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/prevenção & controle , Desenho de Prótese , Implantação de Prótese/métodos , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X/métodos , Resultado do Tratamento
8.
Case Rep Otolaryngol ; 2013: 350502, 2013.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23476854

RESUMO

Introduction. Thymic cysts are among the rarest cysts found in the neck. Nests of thymic tissue may be found anywhere along the descent of the thymic primordia from the angle of the mandible to the mediastinum. Mediastinal extension is seen in 50% of cervical thymic cysts. Case Report. We report an uncommon case of a 15-year-old male, who noted a painless, growing mass on left side of his neck of one-year duration. Computerised tomographic scan showed a multiloculated fluid density lesion with enhancing septae in the left parapharyngeal space, extending from the level of mandible up to C7 vertebral level. Here, we discuss the surgical aspect, histopathology, and management of this rare lateral neck swelling. Discussion. Clinically, in most cases, cervical thymic lesions present as a unilateral asymptomatic neck mass, commonly on the left side of the neck, and 75% of patients present before 20 years of age. Conclusion. Thymic cyst should be included as differential diagnosis of cystic neck masses. Greater awareness among the pathologists may decrease misdiagnosis.

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