A comparative empirical study on mobile ICT services, social responsibility and the protection of children.

The purpose of this paper is to analyse the Spanish mobile phone industry to determine how mobile phone companies and certain institutions can improve protection for children who use mobile phones. We carried out a multivariate statistical analysis using anonymous primary data from mobile phone companies, and institutions and associations that protect children, to compare these stakeholders' opinions and to put forward solutions. We proved that, even though some European countries have made an effort to provide safer ICT services, all stakeholders still need to cooperate and agree on solutions to the commercial problems associated with children using mobile phones. This can be done by signing codes of conduct. We found that even though some companies implement measures to protect children from accessing harmful content via their mobile phones, they do so for reasons of legal and not social responsibility.

Confirmatory factor analysis and psychometric properties of the Yale-Brown-Cornell Eating Disorders Scale Self-Report version (SR-YBC-EDS) in Spanish clinical and non-clinical samples.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to adapt and validate the Yale-Brown-Cornell Eating Disorder Scale (YBC-EDS) transformed into a self-report format in Spanish clinical and non-clinical samples. METHOD: Eighty-three eating disordered patients and 358 non-clinical participants completed the Self Report-YBC-EDS version (SR-YBC-EDS), the Eating Attitudes Test (EAT), and the Penn State Worry Questionnaire (PSWQ). RESULTS: Confirmatory factor analyses of a two-factor second-order model showed adequate values of goodness-of-fit indices for non-clinical (normed χ(2)=13.4578; df =18; NFI=0.980; GFI=1.00; RMSEA=0.00) and clinical samples (normed χ(2)=26.5913; df =18; NFI=0.944; GFI=0.981; RMSEA=0.076). The factor loadings were high (preoccupations range: 0.69-0.91; rituals range: 0.61-0.94). Cronbach's alpha (range α=0.85-0.90) and test-retest 2weeks later (range: 0.84-0.91) were excellent in both samples. SR-YBC-EDS showed moderate-high indices of convergent validity with PSWQ and EAT. For the total score, a cutoff of 13 showed a sensitivity of 90.4%, a specificity of 91.6%, and a diagnostic accuracy of 91.4%. Positive and negative predictive values were excellent (71.4% and 97.6%, respectively). DISCUSSION: Findings indicate that the SR-YBC-EDS is a reliable and valid instrument to identify symptoms and assess the severity of ED, and it can be used as a faster and less costly alternative to the YBC-EDS interview.