Serum amyloid A as an indicator of health status in falcons.

Serum amyloid A (SAA) is used as an indicator of health status in many species. To investigate the possible use of SAA as a health indicator in falcons, SAA levels were measured in 259 falcons of varying species and health status. A significant increase (P < .001) in SAA concentrations was observed in falcons affected by inflammatory disease compared with healthy birds and birds with noninflammatory disease. Serum amyloid A concentrations ranged from 0.1 to 6.8 mg/L (mean [SD], 3.4 +/- 1.4 mg/L) in the healthy group, from 0.8 to 8.5 mg/L (mean [SD], 4.0 +/- 3.1 mg/L) in the group with noninflammatory disease, and from 2.3 to 137.5 mg/L (mean [SD], 47.7 +/- 29.7 mg/L) in the group with inflammatory disease. In birds with chronic pododermatitis or fungal pneumonia/airsacculitis, SAA levels remained significantly increased throughout the study period. These results indicate that SAA concentrations can be used in avian medicine to assess the health status of falcons and as a prognostic indicator of certain pathologic disease processes.

A clinical definition of an ideal nasal radix.

The authors developed a system of simple soft-tissue measurements to define the ideal proportions of the nose. These measurements provide the surgeon the parameters to assess when a nose is "balanced" and to define when the radix should be raised or lowered. A ratio of 2:1:1:0.75 for length, projection, height, and radix, respectively, defines the ideally balanced Caucasian nose.

Brow lift fixation.

One of the more difficult and controversial aspects of forehead and brow lift is fixation with control and stabilization of the result. Aesthetic Surgery Journal has invited Robert W. Bernard, MD; Robert S. Hamas, MD; Peter McKinney, MD; and Malcolm D. Paul, MD to share their preferred brow lift techniques. Here are their responses to questions posed by "Comparing Notes" editor, Alan H. Gold, MD. (Aesthetic Surg J 2003;23:217-219.).