Perspectives toward brain death diagnosis and management of the potential organ donor.

BACKGROUND: Organ donation and transplantation represent one of the most important scientific advances over the last decades. Due to the complexity of these procedures and related ethical-legal aspects, however, there are a lot of doubts and uncertainty about the brain death diagnosis and the maintenance of potential organ donor. AIM: To identify and discuss the different meanings and experiences of registered nurses and physicians from an adult intensive care unit in relation to the diagnosis of brain death and the maintenance of potential organ donors for transplantation purposes. STUDY DESIGN: Participants were registered nurses and physicians from an adult intensive care unit at a University Hospital from Brazil. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews and analyzed using content analysis. ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS: This study was approved by the University of São Paulo at Ribeirão Preto College of Nursing Research Ethics Committee. RESULTS: Two main categories emerged from the analysis: (1) brain death diagnosis and its implications and (2) maintenance of the potential organ donor and its repercussion in the donation-transplantation process. Six subcategories were also identified: (1.1) understanding the brain death diagnosis as a tool to aid decision-making; (1.2) diagnosis as guarantee of rights; (1.3) difficulties encountered to establish the diagnosis; (1.4) clinical criteria adopted in Brazil and related ethical-legal aspects; (2.1) specificities of care to the brain dead person and outcomes; and (2.2) nurse's duties toward the brain dead person. CONCLUSION: Although the brain death diagnosis is scientifically and legally defined in Brazil and the maintenance of the potential organ donor for transplantation purposes has been addressed during the last years, there are still some doubts about the subject, as its understanding varies according to the personal beliefs, culture, and educational background of individuals, including those who work in this scenario.

Surgical count process: evidence for patient safety. / Processo de contagem cirúrgica: evidências para a segurança do paciente.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the surgical count process according to reports of nurses working in surgical centers of a city in the state of São Paulo. METHODS: Cross-sectional study with a sample of 55 nurses. Data collection occurred from August to December 2013, with application of an instrument submitted to face and content validation, composed of data on variables regarding characteristics of nurses, hospital, and surgical count process. RESULTS: Fifty-two (94.5%) nurses reported that the surgical count process was carried out in their workplaces. A statistically significant association was found between the surgical count process and the type of institution (P=0.046), and between the presence of a surgical technologist and the processes for counting surgical instruments (P<0.001) and sponges (P=0.016). CONCLUSION: The results found contributed to understand how, by whom, and when the surgical count process was carried out in the studied hospital.

Information needs of family caregivers regarding liver transplant candidates. / Necessidades de informação do cuidador familiar de candidatos ao transplante de fígado.

Objective To assess the information needs of family caregivers of candidates on the waiting list for a liver transplant. Methods It is a cross-sectional study conducted in a transplant center in São Paulo State in the period between April and October of 2012. For the assessment of information needed, an instrument submitted to face and content value was used. The caregivers put 10 subjects in order according to their importance and the amount of interest they had in learning about each, prior to the transplant their family member would be subjected to. Sociodemographic characteristics were also recorded. For data analysis, descriptive statistics were used. Results 42 families participated in the study. The information need about liver disease complications, complications after transplantation and care needed after surgery had higher averages. Conclusions Knowing the information needs of caregivers is important to plan teaching-learning strategies aimed at improving assistance to patients and families in transplant programs.

Using the Chat Generative Pre-trained Transformer in academic writing in health: a scoping review.

OBJECTIVE: to map the scientific literature regarding the use of the Chat Generative Pre-trained Transformer, ChatGPT, in academic writing in health. METHOD: this was a scoping review, following the JBI methodology. Conventional databases and gray literature were included. The selection of studies was applied after removing duplicates and individual and paired evaluation. Data were extracted based on an elaborate script, and presented in a descriptive, tabular and graphical format. RESULTS: the analysis of the 49 selected articles revealed that ChatGPT is a versatile tool, contributing to scientific production, description of medical procedures and preparation of summaries aligned with the standards of scientific journals. Its application has been shown to improve the clarity of writing and benefits areas such as innovation and automation. Risks were also observed, such as the possibility of lack of originality and ethical issues. Future perspectives highlight the need for adequate regulation, agile adaptation and the search for an ethical balance in incorporating ChatGPT into academic writing. CONCLUSION: ChatGPT presents transformative potential in academic writing in health. However, its adoption requires rigorous human supervision, solid regulation, and transparent guidelines to ensure its responsible and beneficial use by the scientific community.

Donation and Equitable Access to Organ, Tissue, and Cell Transplants: A Brazilian Perspective on the Strategy and Plan of Action 2019-2030.

OBJECTIVE: To position the Brazilian Transplant System within the context of the 4 Strategic Lines of Action proposed by the Pan-American Health Organization. METHOD: A specialist analysis was conducted through comparative analyses of the 4 Strategic Lines of Action, objectives, and indicators outlined in the Action Plan, along with the donation and transplantation system in accordance with Brazilian transplantation law. Subsequent to an in-depth review of the document issued by the health authority, a series of meetings involving 8 specialists in organ donation and transplantation were conducted. During these meetings, discussions were carried out with the objective of numerically interpreting each strategy presented in the document, and recommendations constructed. RESULTS: Four strategies were evaluated and only 2 of them the third (81,3%) and the fourth (90%) do not achieve the indicators to complete the objective related to equitable access to organ, tissue, and cell transplants in Brazil. CONCLUSION: The recommendations developed carry importance, as they are innovative and contribute to the establishment of priorities when shaping public policies. The report not only highlights indicators that were not satisfactorily met but also provides insights into the recommendations formulated to improve those indicators that have already been achieved and to work toward achieving those that have not yet been realized. Additionally, these recommendations can justify actions and establish priorities for research efforts in the field.

Photoeducation and photoprotection among liver transplant candidates: a cross-sectional study.

The incidence of skin cancer after liver transplant ranges from 3% to 16%, considerably higher than that observed in the general population. Skin cancer causes 25% of deaths in patients who have survived more than 3 years after liver transplant. The objective of this study was to identify differences regarding the level of sun exposure, knowledge of potential risk factors, and photoprotection measures among liver transplant candidates and recipients. We carried out a prospective cross-sectional study with 100 patients enrolled at a liver transplant program in a Brazilian center. The patients were interviewed and received oral information regarding skin care and sun exposure. Results reveal that measures of photoprotection and photoeducation are more prevalent among recipients than among candidates. High degrees of solar exposure were observed more frequently among candidates, although recipients showed better knowledge about the risks of sun exposure. Educational actions concerning skin cancer prevention should be part of the guidelines given by the multidisciplinary team to the liver transplant patients, in particular, by the nursing team.

Risk factors for the development of surgical site infection in bariatric surgery: an integrative review of literature.

OBJECTIVE: to evaluate evidence on risk factors for the development of surgical site infection in bariatric surgery. METHOD: integrative review. The search for primary studies was performed in four databases. The sample consisted of 11 surveys. The methodological quality of the included studies was assessed using tools proposed by the Joanna Briggs Institute. Data analysis and synthesis were performed in a descriptive manner. RESULTS: surgical site infection rates ranged from 0.4% to 7.6%, considering the results of primary studies, in which patients underwent laparoscopic surgery. In surveys of participants undergoing surgical procedures with different approaches (open, laparoscopic or robotic), infection rates ranged from 0.9% to 12%. Regarding the risk factors for the development of this type of infection, antibiotic prophylaxis, female sex, high Body Mass Index and perioperative hyperglycemia are highlighted. CONCLUSION: conducting the integrative review generated a body of evidence that reinforces the importance of implementing effective measures for the prevention and control of surgical site infection, by health professionals, after bariatric surgery, promoting improved care and patient safety in the perioperative period.

Methodologies used by Nursing professionals in the production of educational videos: An integrative review. / Metodologías utilizadas por los profesionales de enfermería en la producción de videos educativos: revisión integradora.

OBJECTIVE: (1) The making of videos includes the pre-production, production and post-production phases. (2) Video is a powerful resource in the construction of knowledge and care practice. (3) The methods for making videos guarantee the quality of the content addressed. (4) Video enhances Nursing professionals' skills in the clinical practice. (5) Educational videos are essential in the training of Nursing professionals. to evaluate the diverse scientific evidence on the methodologies used by Nursing professionals in the production of educational videos. METHOD: an integrative review. The search for primary studies was carried out in the CINAHL, LILACS and MEDLINE/PubMed databases. The sample consisted of 19 research studies. The methodological quality of the studies included was assessed using a tool proposed by the Johns Hopkins Nursing Evidence-Based Practice and the results were analyzed in a descriptive form. RESULTS: the methodological stages used for the process to elaborate and make the videos include pre-production, production and post-production. The studies reveal that, for the most part, the stages were properly applied and/or described by the authors, in addition to contemplating the method adopted. However, in 14 studies there was no use of a methodological framework to ensure rigor in their conduction and in 11 presented validation by the target audience. CONCLUSION: the synthesis of knowledge showed that there is still a need for attention for the construction of educational videos regarding the methodological framework and validation by the target population. The rigorous execution of the methodological procedures necessary for the development of educational videos, aiming to encourage the acquisition of essential skills for the creation of high-quality teaching materials.

The P300 Auditory Evoked Potential in Cochlear Implant Users: A Scoping Review.

Introduction The P300 auditory evoked potential is a long-latency cortical potential evoked with auditory stimulation, which provides information on neural mechanisms underlying the central auditory processing. Objectives To identify and gather scientific evidence regarding the P300 in adult cochlear implant (CI) users. Data Synthesis A total of 87 articles, 20 of which were selected for this study, were identified and exported to the Rayyan search software. Those 20 articles did not propose a homogeneous methodology, which made comparison more difficult. Most articles (60%) in this review compare CI users with typical hearing people, showing prolonged P300 latency in CI users. Among the studies, 35% show that CI users present a smaller P300 amplitude. Another variable is the influence of the kind of stimulus used to elicit P300, which was prolonged in 30% of the studies that used pure tone stimuli, 10% of the studies that used pure tone and speech stimuli, and 60% of the studies that used speech stimuli. Conclusion This review has contributed with evidence that shows the importance of applying a controlled P300 protocol to diagnose and monitor CI users. Regardless of the stimuli used to elicit P300, we noticed a pattern in the increase in latency and decrease in amplitude in CI users. The user's experience with the CI speech processor over time and the speech test results seem to be related to the P300 latency and amplitude measurements.

[Information needs of liver transplant candidates: the first step of the teaching-learning process]. / Necessidades de informação de candidatos ao transplante de fígado: o primeiro passo do processo ensino-aprendizagem.

'Information need' is defined as a deficiency of information or skill related to a domain of life that is relevant to the patient. This study's objective was to identify the information needs of candidates on the waiting list for a liver transplant. This is a descriptive study and was conducted at a transplant center in the State of São Paulo-Brazil. The sample consisted of 55 patients and data were collected from March to June 2009. The results showed higher average scores for information needs concerning the preoperativeperiod. Identifying the information needs of liver transplant candidates is important to planning the teaching-learning process.

Identification of people for palliative care in primary health care: integrative review. / Identificação de pessoas para cuidados paliativos na atenção primária: revisão integrativa.

This article aims to analyze the evidence available in the literature on the process of identifying adults and elderly people who can benefit from palliative care (PC) in primary health care (PHC). This is an integrative literature review carried out in PubMed, CINAHL, LILACS, Web of Science, and Embase. Eight studies were selected, in which different instruments and methods were distinguished with the purpose of identifying people who can benefit from PC in the context of PHC. The incorporation of these instruments into clinical practice is urgent in order to increase the reach and effectiveness of the services offered by health professionals, considering the current demographic and epidemiological profile that points to the increase of people with a potential need for PC. Different instruments have been successfully used to identify PC in the context of PHC. However, some have weaknesses, such as the fact that they only allow the identification of people with oncological diseases, leaving out other health conditions, which reinforces the need for further studies on this topic.

O objetivo deste artigo é analisar as evidências disponíveis na literatura sobre o processo de identificação de pessoas adultas e idosas que podem se beneficiar dos cuidados paliativos na atenção primária à saúde. Trata-se de revisão integrativa da literatura realizada nas bases de dados PubMed, CINAHL, LILACS, Web of Science e Embase. Foram selecionados oito estudos, nos quais foram distinguidos diferentes instrumentos com o propósito de identificar as pessoas que podem se beneficiar dos cuidados paliativos no contexto da atenção primária à saúde. A incorporação desses instrumentos na prática clínica é urgente, para aumentar o alcance e a efetividade dos serviços oferecidos pelos profissionais de saúde, considerando o perfil demográfico e epidemiológico atual que aponta para o aumento de pessoas com potencial necessidade de cuidados paliativos. Diferentes instrumentos têm sido utilizados com sucesso na identificação do cuidado paliativo no contexto da atenção primária à saúde. No entanto, alguns possuem fragilidades, como o fato de permitirem a identificação apenas das pessoas com doenças oncológicas, deixando de fora as demais condições de saúde, o que reforça a necessidade de mais estudos sobre esta temática.

Support surfaces for intraoperative pressure injury prevention: systematic review with meta-analysis.

OBJECTIVE: to evaluate evidence on effectiveness support surfaces for pressure injury prevention in the intraoperative period. METHOD: systematic review. The search for primary studies was conducted in seven databases. The sample consisted of 10 studies. The synthesis of the results was carried out descriptively and through meta-analysis. RESULTS: when comparing low-tech support surfaces with regular care (standard surgical table mattress), the meta-analysis showed that there is no statistically significant difference between the investigated interventions (Relative Risk = 0.88; 95%CI: 0.30-2.39). The Higgins inconsistency test indicated considerable heterogeneity between studies (I2 = 83%). The assessment of the certainty of the evidence was very low. When comparing high-tech and low-tech support surfaces, the meta-analysis showed that there is a statistically significant difference between the interventions studied, with high-tech being the most effective (Relative Risk = 0.17; 95%CI: 0.05-0.53). Heterogeneity can be classified as not important (I2 = 0%). The assessment of certainty of evidence was moderate. CONCLUSION: the use of high-tech support surfaces is an effective measure to prevent pressure injuries in the intraoperative period.

Postoperative complications in adult patients undergoing surgery with confirmed infection by SARS-CoV-2: An integrative review.

OBJECTIVE: to analyze the evidence available in the literature about postoperative complications in adult patients undergoing surgical procedures with confirmed infection by SARS-CoV-2. METHOD: an integrative literature review conducted in the CINAHL, EMBASE, LILACS, PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science databases, as well as in the gray literature. The references identified were exported to the EndNote manager and, subsequently, to the Rayyan web application for study selection. The stages of sampling, categorization of studies, evaluation of the studies included, interpretation of the results and knowledge synthesis were performed by two reviewers independently and in a masked manner. The data were analyzed descriptively. RESULTS: of the 247 articles identified, 15 were selected to comprise this review. The prevalent postoperative complications in patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 were the following: cough, dyspnea and hypoxia, need for invasive mechanical ventilation or not, admission to the intensive care unit and death. CONCLUSION: the most reported postoperative complications in the studies evaluated were respiratory-related, followed by cardiovascular complications. The importance of preoperative screening for COVID-19 is highlighted, as well as of the monitoring and tracking of confirmed cases in the postoperative period, as these actions exert an impact on reducing the occurrence of complications related to SARS-CoV-2.

Masks for at-risk population: nursing promoting biosafety in pandemic times.

OBJECTIVE: To describe a proposal for making and distributing masks for population in risk, with guidance on the stages of making them and the care in handling them based on the development of educational video and infographic. METHOD: Experience report on the stages of the process of training people to make fabric masks for the population at risk, between March and June 2020, in a city in the interior of São Paulo. RESULTS: 1,650 masks were made and distributed to vulnerable population groups from different contexts and tutorial video and infographic were elaborated and released to enable people to make their own masks with resources available at home. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: It was possible to manufacture and distribute masks for the population at risk and develop educational actions to contain the disease, given the advance of confirmed cases and deaths by Covid-19, corroborating the role of nursing in health education.

Blended learning program for the development of skills in the aspiration of artificial airways.

OBJECTIVE: to develop and validate a blended learning program, of the inverted classroom type, on the aspiration of artificial airways. METHOD: applied and methodological research that involved technological production for teaching a Nursing Intervention, based on Vygotsky's theoretical frameworks and on the Nursing Process. For elaboration and validation, a classic instructional design model was followed. The general and pedagogical requirements were validated, as well as those for videos and interface. For the analysis, the Content Validity Index and the First-order agreement coefficient were used. RESULTS: 34 experts participated, 27 of whom were nurses and seven were professionals in Information Technology. In the nurses' opinion, the general and pedagogical requirements obtained a Content Validity Index of 0.99 and 0.98 was obtained for the videos and for the interface. The interface for the IT professionals was 0.94. All requirements showed almost perfect agreement. CONCLUSION: the teaching program was elaborated and validated by experts and constitutes an innovative proposal to train nurses. The mediation of teaching by means of duly validated technologies can favor learning and reaching positive results in the development of skills in the practice of aspiration of artificial airways.

Advanced mobile prehospital nursing care for elderly people post-trauma: integrative review.

OBJECTIVE: to identify scientific evidences available on the literature on nursing interventions on advanced mobile prehospital care for elderly people post-trauma. METHOD: an integrative review of literature on the databases PubMed, CINAHL, and LILACS, from 2012 to 2017. RESULTS: a sample composed by 26 studies, grouped into six thematic categories: circulation with hemorrhage control (n=11); dysfunction, neurological state (n=7); airway with protection of the cervical spine (n=3); secondary evaluation (n=3); ventilation and breathing (n=1), and environment exposition/control (n=1). CONCLUSION: Despite having identified nursing interventions, there was no description of specific nursing interventions related to advanced mobile prehospital care for elderly people post-trauma.

Using the Chat Generative Pre-trained Transformer in academic writing in health: a scoping review / Uso del Chat Generative Pre-trained Transformer en la escritura académica en salud: una revisión de alcance / Uso do Chat Generative Pre-trained Transformer na escrita acadêmica em saúde: uma revisão do escopo

Objective: to map the scientific literature regarding the use of the Chat Generative Pre-trained Transformer, ChatGPT, in academic writing in health. Method: this was a scoping review, following the JBI methodology. Conventional databases and gray literature were included. The selection of studies was applied after removing duplicates and individual and paired evaluation. Data were extracted based on an elaborate script, and presented in a descriptive, tabular and graphical format. Results: the analysis of the 49 selected articles revealed that ChatGPT is a versatile tool, contributing to scientific production, description of medical procedures and preparation of summaries aligned with the standards of scientific journals. Its application has been shown to improve the clarity of writing and benefits areas such as innovation and automation. Risks were also observed, such as the possibility of lack of originality and ethical issues. Future perspectives highlight the need for adequate regulation, agile adaptation and the search for an ethical balance in incorporating ChatGPT into academic writing. Conclusion: ChatGPT presents transformative potential in academic writing in health. However, its adoption requires rigorous human supervision, solid regulation, and transparent guidelines to ensure its responsible and beneficial use by the scientific community.

Objetivo: mapear la literatura científica sobre el uso del Chat Generative Pre-trained Transformer , ChatGPT, en la escritura académica en salud. Método: se trató de una revisión de alcance, siguiendo la metodología del JBI. Se incluyeron bases de datos convencionales y literatura gris. La selección de los estudios se realizó previa eliminación de duplicados y evaluación individual y en pares. Los datos se extrajeron basándose en un guión elaborado y se presentaron en un formato descriptivo, tabular y gráfico. Resultados: el análisis de los 49 artículos seleccionados reveló que ChatGPT es una herramienta versátil, que contribuye a la producción científica, descripción de procedimientos médicos y elaboración de resúmenes alineados con los estándares de las revistas científicas. Se ha demostrado que su aplicación mejora la claridad de la redacción y beneficia áreas como la innovación y la automatización. También se observaron riesgos, como la posibilidad de falta de originalidad y cuestiones éticas. Las perspectivas futuras resaltan la necesidad de una regulación adecuada, adaptación ágil y búsqueda de un equilibrio ético en la incorporación del ChatGPT a la escritura académica. Conclusión: ChatGPT presenta un potencial transformador en la escritura académica en el área de la salud. Sin embargo, su adopción requiere una supervisión humana rigurosa, una regulación sólida y directrices transparentes para garantizar su uso responsable y beneficioso por parte de la comunidad científica.

Objetivo: mapear a literatura científica referente ao uso do Chat Generative Pre-trained Transformer , ChatGPT, na escrita acadêmica em saúde. Método: tratou-se de uma revisão de escopo, seguindo o método do JBI. Foram incluídas bases de dados convencionais e literatura cinzenta. A seleção dos estudos foi realizada após a remoção de duplicatas e avaliação individual e em pares. Os dados foram extraídos com base em um roteiro elaborado, e apresentados de forma descritiva, tabular e gráfica. Resultados: a análise dos 49 artigos selecionados mostrou que o ChatGPT é uma ferramenta versátil, que contribui para a produção científica, descrição de procedimentos médicos e elaboração de resumos alinhados aos padrões das revistas científicas. Sua aplicação melhorou a clareza da redação e beneficia áreas como inovação e automação. Também foram observados riscos, como a possibilidade de falta de originalidade e questões éticas. Perspectivas futuras destacam a necessidade de regulamentação adequada, adaptação ágil e busca por um equilíbrio ético na incorporação do ChatGPT na escrita acadêmica. Conclusão: o ChatGPT apresenta um potencial transformador na escrita acadêmica na área da saúde. Contudo, sua adoção requer supervisão humana rigorosa, regulamentação sólida e diretrizes transparentes para garantir seu uso responsável e benéfico pela comunidade científica.

Liver transplantation: evidence for nursing care.

Evidence-based practice is the adopted theoretical and methodological framework and the integrative literature review was the research method used for this study. This study aimed to search and evaluate evidence available in literature about scientific knowledge on nursing care to adult patients submitted to liver transplantation during the perioperative period. Lilacs, Medline and Cinahl were used for the search, which resulted in a sample of 20 scientific papers. The results evidenced publications on nursing care to prepare the patient, prevent injuries, on the importance of a documentation system, prevention and early detection of complications, as well as education on immunosuppressive therapeutics, patient education and nursing activities in the pre, intra and postoperative periods, and the nurses' role in providing nutritional and emotional support to patients and family members.

Sexual aspects of liver transplant candidates and recipients: evidence available in the literature1.

OBJECTIVE: to analyze the evidence available in the literature on the alterations in the sexuality of candidates and recipients of liver transplantation. METHOD: integrative review of the literature with search for primary studies in the databases MEDLINE (via PUBMED), CINAHL e LILACS, published in English, Portuguese and Spanish. RESULTS: the 16 primary studies included were grouped into three categories: 1) female sexuality (n=5), 2) male sexuality (n=5) and 3) male and female sexuality (n=6). In category 1, the subjects investigated were contraception, pregnancy, sexual dysfunction, presence of gynecological symptoms and sexually transmitted infections. In category 2, the main focus of the studies was erectile dysfunction, sexual desire and satisfaction, and consequences of the immunosuppressive regimen with mycophenolic acid in men. In category 3, the evaluation of sexual function was the main topic. CONCLUSION: the scientific evidence generated provides support to encourage health professionals to incorporate the topic of sexuality in the routine of care. Knowledge gaps were identified and new studies should be conducted in order to implement interventions to prevent, minimize and/or control changes related to the patient's sexuality.

Risk factors for the development of surgical site infection in bariatric surgery: an integrative review of literature / Fatores de risco para o desenvolvimento de infecção de sítio cirúrgico em cirurgia bariátrica: revisão integrativa / Factores de riesgo para el desarrollo de infección del sitio quirúrgico en cirugía bariátrica: una revisión integradora

Abstract Objective: to evaluate evidence on risk factors for the development of surgical site infection in bariatric surgery. Method: integrative review. The search for primary studies was performed in four databases. The sample consisted of 11 surveys. The methodological quality of the included studies was assessed using tools proposed by the Joanna Briggs Institute. Data analysis and synthesis were performed in a descriptive manner. Results: surgical site infection rates ranged from 0.4% to 7.6%, considering the results of primary studies, in which patients underwent laparoscopic surgery. In surveys of participants undergoing surgical procedures with different approaches (open, laparoscopic or robotic), infection rates ranged from 0.9% to 12%. Regarding the risk factors for the development of this type of infection, antibiotic prophylaxis, female sex, high Body Mass Index and perioperative hyperglycemia are highlighted. Conclusion: conducting the integrative review generated a body of evidence that reinforces the importance of implementing effective measures for the prevention and control of surgical site infection, by health professionals, after bariatric surgery, promoting improved care and patient safety in the perioperative period.

Resumo Objetivo: avaliar as evidências sobre os fatores de risco para o desenvolvimento de infecção de sítio cirúrgico em cirurgia bariátrica. Método: revisão integrativa. A busca dos estudos primários foi realizada em quatro bases de dados. A amostra foi composta por 11 pesquisas. A qualidade metodológica dos estudos incluídos foi avaliada por meio de ferramentas propostas pelo Joanna Briggs Institute. A análise e a síntese dos dados foram realizadas de maneira descritiva. Resultados: as taxas de infecção de sítio cirúrgico variaram de 0,4% até 7,6%, considerando os resultados dos estudos primários, cujos pacientes foram submetidos à cirurgia por via laparoscópica. Nas pesquisas com os participantes submetidos aos procedimentos cirúrgicos com diferentes abordagens (aberta, via laparoscópica ou robótica), as taxas de infecção variaram de 0,9% até 12%. Com relação aos fatores de risco para o desenvolvimento deste tipo de infecção, ressaltam-se antibioticoprofilaxia, sexo feminino, Índice de Massa Corporal elevado e hiperglicemia perioperatória. Conclusão: a condução da revisão gerou corpo de evidências que reforça a importância na implementação de medidas efetivas para prevenção e controle de infecção de sítio cirúrgico pelos profissionais de saúde após cirurgia bariátrica, promovendo a melhoria da assistência e da segurança do paciente no perioperatório.

Resumen Objetivo: evaluar las evidencias sobre los factores de riesgo para el desarrollo de infección de sitio quirúrgico en cirugía bariátrica. Método: revisión integradora. La búsqueda de estudios primarios se realizó en cuatro bases de datos. La muestra estuvo compuesta por 11 investigaciones. La calidad metodológica de los estudios incluidos se evaluó mediante herramientas propuestas por el Joanna Briggs Institute. El análisis y la síntesis de los datos se realizaron de manera descriptiva. Resultados: las tasas de infección del sitio quirúrgico oscilaron entre 0,4% y 7,6%, considerando los resultados de los estudios primarios, en los que los pacientes fueron sometidos a cirugía mediante laparoscopia. En investigaciones con participantes que se sometieron a procedimientos quirúrgicos con diferentes enfoques (abierto, laparoscópico o robótico), las tasas de infección oscilaron entre el 0,9 % y el 12 %. En cuanto a los factores de riesgo para el desarrollo de este tipo de infección, se destacan la profilaxis antibiótica, el sexo femenino, el Índice de Masa Corporal elevado y la hiperglucemia perioperatoria. Conclusión: la realización de la revisión generó un cuerpo de evidencia que refuerza la importancia de implementar medidas efectivas para la prevención y el control de la infección de sitio quirúrgico, por parte de los profesionales de la salud, después de la cirugía bariátrica, promoviendo la mejora de la atención y la seguridad del paciente en el período perioperatorio.