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1.
J Vector Borne Dis ; 61(3): 489-494, 2024 Jul 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39374494

RESUMO

BACKGROUND OBJECTIVES: Severe cases with neurological manifestations of rickettsiosis have been reported. We aimed to identify the epidemiological, clinical and laboratory features of central nervous system rickettsial infections and to describe the treatment. METHODS: We carried out a retrospective study that included all patients hospitalized with rickettsiosis in the infectious diseases department of Hedi Chaker University Hospital in Sfax, Tunisia between 1993 and 2018. RESULTS: We identified 47 patients with central nervous system rickettsial infections among 440 patients with rickettsial infections (10.7%). Skin rash (31.9% vs 87.8%; p<0.001) and eschar (4.2% vs 27.7%; p<0.001) were less frequent among patients with central nervous system rickettsial infections. Complications (6.4% vs 0.5%; p=0.01) and death (4.2% vs 0.3%; p=0.03) were more frequent among patients with central nervous system rickettsial infections. INTERPRETATION CONCLUSION: Cardinal clinical features and typical laboratory results including thrombocytopenia were less frequent, and prognosis was more severe in patients with central nervous system rickettsial infections.


Assuntos
Febre Botonosa , Tifo Endêmico Transmitido por Pulgas , Humanos , Febre Botonosa/complicações , Febre Botonosa/epidemiologia , Febre Botonosa/tratamento farmacológico , Masculino , Estudos Retrospectivos , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Adulto , Tunísia/epidemiologia , Tifo Endêmico Transmitido por Pulgas/epidemiologia , Tifo Endêmico Transmitido por Pulgas/diagnóstico , Tifo Endêmico Transmitido por Pulgas/complicações , Tifo Endêmico Transmitido por Pulgas/tratamento farmacológico , Idoso , Adulto Jovem , Adolescente , Criança , Antibacterianos/uso terapêutico
2.
Fetal Pediatr Pathol ; 43(1): 21-32, 2024.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38069499

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: In the lack of updated Tunisian epidemiological data, we sought to describe the epidemiology of Group B Streptococcus (GBS) in pregnant women and newborns. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective analysis of GBS neonatal invasive infections and a cross-sectional study evaluating the prevalence of maternal GBS colonization were conducted. GBS isolates were tested for antimicrobial susceptibility, serotyped, and assessed for the appurtenance to the hypervirulent ST17 clone. RESULTS: Of 98 neonates with GBS, early-onset GBS disease (EOD) comprised 83.7 and 16.3% were late-onset GBS disease (LOD). The prevalence of maternal GBS colonization was 27%. All GBS isolates were susceptible to penicillin. Serotype III predominated (42.6%) for neonatal invasive infections. GBS isolates belonging to the ST17 sequence type were found only as serotype III. CONCLUSION: This study documents the frequency of GBS EOD, the high rate of maternal GBS colonization, and the predominance of the hypervirulent clone type III/ST17 in infants.


Assuntos
Antibacterianos , Infecções Estreptocócicas , Lactente , Recém-Nascido , Humanos , Feminino , Gravidez , Sorogrupo , Antibacterianos/uso terapêutico , Estudos Retrospectivos , Tunísia , Estudos Transversais , Streptococcus agalactiae , Infecções Estreptocócicas/tratamento farmacológico , Infecções Estreptocócicas/epidemiologia
3.
Vaccines (Basel) ; 12(4)2024 Apr 09.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38675775

RESUMO

We aimed to assess the prevalence of nasopharyngeal pneumococcal carriage and to determine serotype distribution, antibiotic susceptibility patterns, and evolutionary dynamics of Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates in healthy under-five children. Nasopharyngeal swabs were collected from healthy children over three survey periods between 2020 and 2022. All pneumococcal isolates were serotyped and tested for antimicrobial susceptibility. A total of 309 S. pneumoniae isolates were collected, with an overall prevalence of nasopharyngeal pneumococcal carriage of 24.4% (CI95%: [22-26.8%]). These isolates were classified into 25 different serotypes. The most common serotypes were 14 (14.9%), 19F (12%), 6B (10.4%), and 23F (7.4%), which are covered by the PCV10 vaccine, as well as 19A (8.4%) and 6A (7.8%), which are covered by the PCV13 vaccine. A significant decrease in the proportion of serotype 19F (p = 0.001) and an increase in serotypes 19A (p = 0.034) and 6A (p = 0.029) were observed between the three survey periods. Multidrug resistance (MDR) was noted for 56.6% of the isolates. A significant association with antimicrobial resistance was observed for the most frequent serotypes, mainly serotype 19A. In conclusion, one-quarter of healthy under-five children in Tunisia carried S. pneumoniae in their nasopharynx. A dominance of vaccine serotypes significantly associated with antimicrobial resistance was recorded.

4.
Microb Drug Resist ; 28(3): 370-377, 2022 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34918966

RESUMO

Streptococcus pneumoniae remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide despite the overall success of the vaccine programs. In Tunisia, pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCV)10 was introduced in the national immunization program in April 2019. We sought to determine the relationship between serotypes and antimicrobial nonsusceptibility of S. pneumoniae isolates recovered from clinical samples in the prevaccination period in the south of Tunisia. A total of 504 nonduplicate S. pneumoniae isolates collected between 2012 and 2018 were tested for antimicrobial susceptibility, among them 439 (87.1%) were serotyped. The most common serotypes were 19F (17.8%), 14 (15.3%), 3 (9.1%), 19A (8.2%), and 23F (7.3%). The proportions of isolates with serotypes covered by PCV7, PCV10, and PCV13 were 55.4%, 56.3%, and 77.9%, respectively. Three-quarters (74.4%) of pneumococcal isolates were nonsusceptible to penicillin, and about half (54.8%) were multidrug resistant. Penicillin nonsusceptibility was observed for all 19A and 23F isolates, and was significantly associated with serotypes 19F (odds ratio [OR]: 33.7) and 14 (OR: 8.7). A significant association with multidrug resistance was noted for serotypes 19A (OR: 10), 19F (OR: 9.4), 23F (OR: 8.6), and 6B (OR: 5.2). The alarming rates of pneumococcal antimicrobial nonsusceptibility and the strong association with the most prevalent serotypes compel microbiologists to monitor the impact of the PCV10 introduced recently in our national immunization program.


Assuntos
Antibacterianos/farmacologia , Farmacorresistência Bacteriana Múltipla/genética , Streptococcus pneumoniae/efeitos dos fármacos , Streptococcus pneumoniae/genética , Genes Bacterianos , Humanos , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , Sorogrupo , Tunísia
5.
Food Chem ; 309: 125588, 2020 Mar 30.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31689589

RESUMO

To discriminate samples from three varieties of Tunisian extra virgin olive oils, weighted and non-weighted multiblock partial least squares - discriminant analysis (MB-PLS1-DA) models were compared to PLS1-DA models using data obtained by gas chromatography (GC), or global composition through mid-infrared spectra (MIR). Models performances were determined using percentages of sensitivity, specificity and total correct classification. The choice of threshold level for the interpretation of PLS1-DA results was considered. PLS1-DA models using GC data gave better results than those using MIR data. Even with the most conservative threshold, PLS1-DA on GC data allowed very good predictions for Chemlali variety (99% correct classification), but had more difficulty to discriminate Chetoui and Oueslati samples (95% and 84% correct classification respectively). Non-weighted MB-PLS1-DA models benefiting from the synergy between the two sources of data were more discriminative than simple PLS1-DA, yielding better prediction for Chetoui and Oueslati varieties (98% and 90% correct classification respectively).


Assuntos
Cromatografia Gasosa , Análise Discriminante , Azeite de Oliva/análise
8.
Microb Drug Resist ; 17(1): 25-30, 2011 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21190476

RESUMO

This study was conducted to identify the ß-lactamase content of 30 metallo-ß-lactamase-producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated in 2007 from two Tunisian hospitals and to investigate their genetic relatedness. All these isolates produced VIM-2. bla(PER-1), bla(PSE-1), bla(OXA-2), and bla(OXA-10) were identified in 17, 5, 21, and 1 isolates, respectively. These enzymes were often associated in the same isolate: 26 isolates had at least two ß-lactamases. The predominant serotype was O12. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis revealed genetic diversity among the metallo-ß-lactamase-producing P. aeruginosa isolates. This is the first report on the existence of bla(PER-1), bla(PSE-1), bla(OXA-2), and bla(OXA-10) in Tunisia.


Assuntos
Infecções por Pseudomonas/microbiologia , Pseudomonas aeruginosa/isolamento & purificação , beta-Lactamases/genética , Antibacterianos/farmacologia , Farmacorresistência Bacteriana Múltipla , Eletroforese em Gel de Campo Pulsado , Humanos , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , Pseudomonas aeruginosa/efeitos dos fármacos , Tunísia
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