Management guidelines for amelogenesis imperfecta: a case report and review of the literature.

BACKGROUND: Rehabilitation of the entire dentition with amelogenesis imperfecta (AI) tends to pose a great challenge to the clinician. Most of the cases of amelogenesis imperfecta are reported to be associated with skeletal and dental deformities which results in severe sensitivity of the dental tissues. CASE PRESENTATION: This clinical case report marks out the total restoration of the oral condition of a young Indian patient diagnosed with the hypoplastic type of amelogenesis imperfecta. Fixed metal ceramic prosthesis were planned to strengthen the masticatory activity, aesthetics, to banish the dental sensitivity and to build up the general persona of the patient. The patient was followed-up at 6 months, 1 year and 2 years intervals. Functional and esthetic impairment was not visible after the follow up period and the treatment outcome was successful. The entire treatment plan was intended to enhance the functional, esthetic and the masticatory component of the occlusal architecture. CONCLUSION: This case report details the presentation, characteristic radiographic findings, and management of a patient with an extremely rare condition of amelogenesis imperfecta.

Novel T-C@AgNPs mediated biocidal mechanism against biofilm associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (Bap-MRSA) 090, cytotoxicity and its molecular docking studies.

Staphylococcus aureus is a commonly found pathogen that can cause food-spoilage and life threatening infections. However, the potential molecular effects of natural active thymol molecules and chitosan silver nanoparticles (C@AgNPs) in bacteria remain unclear. This gap in the literature has prompted us to study the effects of thymol loaded chitosan silver nanoparticles (T-C@AgNPs) against biofilm associated proteins in methicillin-resistant S. aureus (Bap-MRSA) 090 and also their toxicity, anti-cancer activity, and validation of their in silico molecular docking. The results showed excellent antibacterial activity of T-C@AgNPs against Bap-MRSA 090, having a minimum inhibitory concentration of 100 µg mL-1 and a 10.08 ± 0.06 mm zone of inhibition (ZOI). The cyclic voltammogram (CV) analysis clearly showed pore forming of T-C@AgNPs at 300 µg mL-1 concentration, and evidence of the interruption of the electron transport chain was clearly seen. The 200 µg mL-1 concentration exhibited a 52.60 ± 0.25% anti-biofilm property by T-C@AgNPs against Bap-MRSA 090. The T-C@AgNPs showed no toxicity to peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) (IC50 = 221 ± 0.71 µg mL-1) compared to the control, and anti-cancer activity against human triple negative breast cancer cell line (MDA-MB-231) (IC50 110 ± 1.0 µg mL-1) compared to the standard drug Doxorubicin (IC50 = 19 ± 1.0). The excellent properties of T-C@AgNPs were validated by in silico molecular docking studies and showed best match scoring to target proteins compared to standards. These excellent properties of T-C@AgNPs highlight for the first time its pharmacology and potential in medicinal drug development applications for future research.

L-prolinium tartrate.

In the title salt, C(5)H(10)NO(2)(+).C(4)H(5)O(6)(-), proline exists as a cation and the tartaric acid as a semi-tartrate anion. The semi-tartrate ions form hydrogen-bonded strings along the c axis. These strings are interconnected through the proline molecules, forming a layered network parallel to the bc plane. The proline molecules, however, do not directly interact among themselves, except for a weak C-H.O hydrogen bond.

DL-Alanine.

A determination of the structure of the title compound, C3H7NO2, leads to an accurate description of its molecular dimensions and crystal packing. As in the structure of the L-isomer, the molecules aggregate into alternating layers, each consisting of only one type of isomer. The molecules in each layer are interconnected through head-to-tail sequences generated by a cell translation and a 2(1) screw axis. Adjacent layers are interconnected by head-to-tail sequences generated by a glide plane.

Glycine sodium nitrate.

The glycine molecule in the title compound, Na(NO(3)).C(2)H(5)NO(2), exists in the zwitterionic form. The Na atom exhibits eightfold coordination and the polyhedron may be visualized as a distorted hexagonal bipyramid. The glycine molecules are linked through head-to-tail hydrogen bonds and are found 'sandwiched' between the Na(NO(3)) layers.