Sexual dimorphism through the study of atlas vertebra in the Brazilian population.

BACKGROUND: Sex determination by linear measurements of the bones is widely used because of the several kinds of death in which the corpses can be damaged. AIM: The aim of this study was to establish a logit for sexual dimorphism through measurements of the atlas vertebra. SETTINGS AND DESIGN: The principle sample was composed of 191 skeletons belonging to the Forensic Physical Anthropology Laboratory Prof. Eduardo Daruge. However, first, a calibration with other 25 skeletons was carried out. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Using a digital caliper, linear measurements were made of the anteroposterior diameter of the atlas vertebra (variable A), anteroposterior diameter of the rachidian canal (variable B), transverse diameter of the rachidian canal (variable C), and maximum transverse diameter of the atlas vertebra (variable D). STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED: The data were analyzed using IBM® SPSS® 25 Statistics program. RESULTS: The mean measurements of all four variables for men were higher than that for women, being observed that variable D obtained the major discrepancy between the sexes. Considering both sexes, the variable C obtained the best results of standard deviation, while the variable D achieved the worse results. The t-test observed acceptance about hypothesis that exists differences between the gender and all four measures assessed. The logit developed is sex = -24.970 + 0.183 × A + 0.230 × D, in which "A" represents anteroposterior diameter of the atlas and "D" represents the maximum transverse diameter of the atlas. CONCLUSION: This model results in 81.2% accuracy, 85.5% sensitivity, and 75.3% specificity.

A simple and effective technique to guide the ectopic eruption of a first permanent molar: a case report

Objective: To report the case of a 5-year-old patient diagnosed with ectopic eruption of the lower left first permanent molar that was mesially inclined, initially based on the clinical examination and followed by periapical radiographic examination. Case report: The treatment consisted of the placement and maintenance of an elastic separator for one week between the space of the lower second primary molar and the lower first permanent molar. Subsequently, the elastic separator was removed, allowing the tooth to erupt freely. After 1 week without the elastic separator, the patient returned and the tooth was observed in adequate eruption. Final considerations: The treatment of ectopic eruption was effective, since it repositioned the first permanent molar and allowed its vertical eruption in a short time using a simple technique. Moreover, the early diagnosis of this eruption disorder of permanent molar in mixed dentition is important to avoid more complex treatments and enable normal occlusion development.

Craniofacial analysis of the Tweed Foundation in Angle Class II, division 1 malocclusion.

This study has defined the cephalometric values of the Craniofacial Analysis of the Tweed Foundation for a sample of Brazilian subjects. The sample consisted of 211 cephalometric radiographs from subjects aged 12-15, which were divided into two groups: Class II group, with 168 lateral teleradiographs (cephalograms) of white Brazilian subjects, with Angle Class II, division 1 malocclusion, of both genders (82 males and 86 females); and the Control Group, with 43 lateral teleradiographs (cephalograms) of subjects whose occlusion was clinically excellent, and also of both genders (21 males and 22 females). The teleradiographs were selected from the files of the Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry of Piracicaba, State University of Campinas, previously to the orthodontic treatment. The results demonstrated no sexual dimorphism for each group, as attested by the Student's t-test. The exploratory analysis (+/- 0.5 standard deviation) enabled the tolerance limits to be determined and a Craniofacial Analysis Table to be constructed using the respective cephalometric intervals. In addition, the difference between the two groups was not statistically significant according to the maxilla position. The maxilla was in a good position in relation to the cranial base. On the other hand, the mandible was retruded in relation to the cranial base in the Class II cases. The skeletal pattern was not defined because only the Facial Height Index (FHI) showed a vertical pattern in Class II subjects, while the Y Axis, SN.PlO, SN.GoMe and FMA values did not show any statistically significant difference between the groups. The Class II division 1 subjects showed lower incisors more labially tipped and a convex facial profile.

Diagnóstico e estratégiasde tratamento de um dente supranumerário e suas implicações para a oclusão: relato de caso clínico / Impact of sodium hipoclorite and EDTA on the qality sealing of composite resin restoration performed in human dentin

A prevalência de dentes supranumerários na população em geral varia entre 1 e 3%. Devido a essa frequência, o cirurgião-dentista e o especialista devem conhecer os sinais patognomônicos da presença de um supranumerário, assim como o tratamento apropriado. A etiologia dessa anomalia ainda não está totalmente entendida, apesar de a proliferação da lâmina dentária ou fatores genéricos estarem envolvidos. Os dentes supranumerários podem causar atraso ou erupção ectópica dos dentes permanentes, podendo alterar tanto a oclusão quanto a estética facial do indivíduo. Nesse sentido, o diagnóstico precoce do dente supranumerário em desenvolvimento torna-se importante para se aperfeiçoar e minimizar o tratamento necessário, reduzindo a extensão da cirurgia e o tempo de tratamento ortodôntico, bem como suas possíveis complicações. O objetivo do presente artigo foi descrever o tratamento adequado de um dente supranumerário superior e o início da intervenção necessária para o alcance da normoclusão, saúde periodontal, estética favorável e estabilidade do tratamento

Reabilitação protética após verticalização de terceiro molar com severa inclinação / Prosthodontic rehabilitation after uprighting of third molar with severe inclination: a clinical report

Molares com inclinações severas geram situações desafiadoras para reabilitação oral e, portanto, requerem planejamento multidisciplinar. Este relato de caso apresenta um paciente adulto com histórico de desordem temporomandibular proveniente de extensa migração mesial de terceiro molar inferior associado a utilização de prótese inadequada. Uma alça simplificada, confeccionada com segmento de fio .018"x.025" TMA foi utilizada para verticalização de molar inferior, que permitiu a aplicação de forças suaves e evitando a extrusão dentária. Após seis meses, foi observada a correção do eixo de inserção para prótese fixa, garantindo uma oclusão satisfatória ao paciente.

A severe inclination of molars is generally a challenge to oral rehabilitation, which required a multidisciplinary planning. An adult patient with temporomandibular disorder history due mesial tipping of third inferior molar associated with inadequate prosthesis is presented. A tipback apparatus of uprighting inferior molar was used by applying low forces and to avoid tooth extrusion. This six-month molar uprighting was observed to improve the prosthesis insertion a is, providing the patient with an adequate occlusion.

Insucesso de reimplante dentário após avulsão traumática: relato de caso clínico(AU) / Tooth replantation failure after traumatic avulsion: a case report

Traumatismo dentário são comuns na população. Dentre esses, as avulsões dentárias variam de um a 16% sendo os incisivos centrais superiores permanentes os dentes mais envolvidos. O sucesso da técnica de reimplante dentário depende do período em que o dente permaneceu fora do alvéolo e do meio de conservação do mesmo. Quanto maior o período extra-alvéolo menores são as chances de sucesso da terapêutica. O prognóstico para dentes reimplantados pode ser favorável desde que a indicação e o tratamento sejam realizados de forma adequada. Esse artigo relata e discute o insucesso de um caso clínico de reimplante dentário após avulsão traumática, o qual não foi tratado endodonticamente e acompanhado, com conseqüente reabsorção radicular externa, resultando na exodontia do elemento dentário. Concluiu-se que o sucesso do tratamento depende da realização do diagnóstico preciso e da terapêutica adequada.