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1.
Rev Med Suisse ; 16(712): 2042-2045, 2020 Oct 28.
Artigo em Francês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33112517

RESUMO

Pelvic congestion syndrome is an underdiagnosed disease, defined as chronic pelvic pain lasting more than 6 months, associated with pelvic varicose veins in premenopausal women. Diagnose is based on imagery after exclusion of other causes of pelvic pains. Echography is first line diagnostic modality. Conservative treatment is often insufficient and pelvic veins embolization is required to improve symptoms.


Le syndrome de congestion pelvienne est une maladie sous-diagnostiquée, définie par la présence de douleurs pelviennes chroniques depuis plus de 6 mois, associées à des varices pelviennes chez les femmes préménopausées. Le diagnostic est basé sur l'imagerie, après exclusion d'autres causes de douleurs pelviennes, avec l'échographie comme examen de première ligne. Le traitement conservateur est souvent insuffisant et une embolisation des varices pelviennes est le traitement de choix pour améliorer la symptomatologie.


Assuntos
Embolização Terapêutica , Dor Pélvica/complicações , Dor Pélvica/diagnóstico , Varizes/complicações , Feminino , Humanos , Dor Pélvica/terapia , Pelve/diagnóstico por imagem , Síndrome , Resultado do Tratamento , Varizes/diagnóstico , Varizes/terapia
2.
Rev Med Suisse ; 16(718): 2387-2390, 2020 Dec 09.
Artigo em Francês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33300699

RESUMO

Congenital venous malformations (VMs) are the most common vascular abnormalities. Their treatment can be complex, depending on their size and surrounding tissues involvement. To date, sclerotherapy is considered the gold standard for the treatment of VMs. This technique, which aims to destroy the endothelium and thus cause fibrosis and retraction of the vascular lesion, is less effective in voluminous VMs. Endovenous thermal ablation is a widely validated treatment in the management of venous insufficiency, showing better efficacy than sclerotherapy in terms of trans-parietal vessel destruction. This approach has therefore also been described in the treatment of VMs. This technique has been introduced for the treatment of complex VMs at the Centre for Malformations and Rare Vascular Diseases of the CHUV.


Les malformations veineuses (MV) congénitales sont les anomalies vasculaires les plus fréquentes. Leur traitement peut être complexe en fonction de leur taille ou de l'atteinte des tissus avoisinants. À ce jour, la sclérothérapie est considérée comme le Gold Standard du traitement des MV. Cette technique, qui vise à détruire l'endothélium et à causer ainsi une fibrose et une rétraction de la lésion vasculaire, est moins efficace dans le cas des grandes MV. L'ablation thermique endoveineuse, largement validée dans le traitement de l'insuffisance veineuse, s'est révélée plus efficace que la sclérothérapie pour la destruction transpariétale d'un vaisseau. Cette approche a donc également été décrite dans le traitement des MV et la technique est actuellement employée pour le traitement des MV complexes au Centre des malformations et des maladies vasculaires rares du CHUV.


Assuntos
Terapia a Laser , Malformações Vasculares/terapia , Humanos , Escleroterapia , Veias/cirurgia , Insuficiência Venosa/terapia
3.
Rev Med Suisse ; 15(674): 2229-2231, 2019 Dec 04.
Artigo em Francês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31804033

RESUMO

Cardiovascular (CV) diseases are still one of the most important -killers in developed countries. In the last 40 years, great progresses have been achieved in recognizing and treating these diseases and their underlying risk factors. Risk assessment models using tradi-tional risk factors estimate the probability of a cardiovascular event in most cases and drive preventive treatment. However, these risk assessment models have weaknesses, and it is estimated that about 30 % of cardiovascular events are related to undetected risks. Many surrogate parameters have been investigated and have the potential to better predict CV risk beyond classical risk factors. The aim of this article is to assess the value of measuring the intima-media thickness and the detection of atheroma of the carotid and femoral bifurcation by ultrasound.


Dans les pays industrialisés, les maladies cardiovasculaires (CV) sont toujours une cause majeure de mortalité. Au cours des 40 ­dernières années, d'importants progrès ont permis de mieux ­reconnaître et traiter ces maladies et leurs causes. Les scores utilisant des facteurs de risque permettent d'estimer la probabilité d'un événement CV et de gérer la prévention primaire. Cependant, environ 30 % des événements CV échappent aux modèles de prédiction, raison pour laquelle de nombreux paramètres ont été étudiés afin de mieux identifier le risque au-delà des facteurs de risque CV traditionnels. L'objectif de cet article est de décrire la valeur ajoutée de la mesure de l'épaisseur intima-média (EIM) et du dépistage de plaques des bifurcations carotido-fémorales par échographie.


Assuntos
Doenças Cardiovasculares/diagnóstico por imagem , Doenças Cardiovasculares/patologia , Espessura Intima-Media Carotídea , Humanos , Medição de Risco , Ultrassonografia
4.
Rev Med Suisse ; 15(674): 2252-2255, 2019 Dec 04.
Artigo em Francês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31804038

RESUMO

Patients with lower extremity peripheral artery disease (PAD) have decreased functional capacities leading to decreased quality of life and increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Exercise therapy is recommended among first-choice therapeutic options and improves overall physical function and quality of life in symptomatic patients with PAD. Exercise therapy is also effective in patients with PAD following revascularization. Other than walking, different training modalities are safe, feasible and effective to induce clinical benefits for these patients. We present here the role of exercise therapy and its specificities in the management of PAD.


Les patients avec une artériopathie oblitérante des membres inférieurs (AOMI) présentent une diminution des capacités fonctionnelles qui conduit souvent à une baisse de la qualité de vie et une augmentation de la morbi-mortalité cardiovasculaire. L'exercice physique fait partie de la prise en charge optimale des patients avec AOMI et permet d'améliorer leur état fonctionnel général et leur qualité de vie. Les effets bénéfiques de l'exercice sont également présents après un geste de revascularisation. Plusieurs types et modalités d'entraînement sont efficaces afin d'obtenir des bénéfices cliniques pour ces patients. Nous présenterons ici le rôle de l'exercice physique et ses spécificités dans la prise en charge de l'AOMI.


Assuntos
Terapia por Exercício , Extremidade Inferior/irrigação sanguínea , Doença Arterial Periférica/terapia , Exercício Físico/fisiologia , Humanos , Caminhada
5.
Rev Med Suisse ; 15(674): 2236-2240, 2019 Dec 04.
Artigo em Francês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31804035

RESUMO

Lower extremity arterial disease (LEAD) is a serious and invalidating disease with a relatively high prevalence in the diabetic population. Patients suffering from both conditions have a less favourable prognosis of affected limbs compared to non-diabetic patients, with more frequent adverse limb events such as amputations. Nevertheless, awareness of LEAD remains sub-optimal in the diabetic population. Regular and appropriate screening for this condition is therefore recommended. Affected individuals should receive optimal medical treatment, including intensive management of the various cardiovascular risk factors and strict blood glucose control.


L'artériopathie oblitérante des membres inférieurs (AOMI) est une pathologie souvent sévère et invalidante, relativement fréquente dans la population diabétique. Les patients atteints des deux maladies ont un pronostic moins favorable au niveau des membres inférieurs par rapport aux patients non diabétiques, et souffrent plus fréquemment de complications graves comme des amputations. Néanmoins, la sensibilisation à l'AOMI chez les médecins prenant en charge les patients diabétiques reste sous-optimale. Un dépistage régulier et approprié de cette condition est donc recommandé. Les patients affectés doivent recevoir un traitement médical optimal, incluant une prise en charge intensive des différents facteurs de risque cardiovasculaire et un contrôle strict des glycémies.


Assuntos
Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/complicações , Extremidade Inferior/irrigação sanguínea , Doenças Vasculares/complicações , Doenças Vasculares/diagnóstico , Amputação Cirúrgica , Artérias/patologia , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/patologia , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/terapia , Humanos , Fatores de Risco , Doenças Vasculares/patologia , Doenças Vasculares/terapia
6.
Rev Med Suisse ; 14(630): 2202-2206, 2018 Dec 05.
Artigo em Francês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30516887

RESUMO

Lower extremity artery disease is a very common disease, which is frequently associated with consistent disability in terms of both clinical symptoms and functioning. It is also associated with important morbidity and mortality, because of a significant increase in overall cardiovascular risk in affected patients. The establishment of an optimal medical treatment, including a careful management of the different cardiovascular risk factors through a healthy lifestyle, a regular and structured physical activity and the administration (if indicated) of antihypertensive, lipid-lowering, antidiabetic and antithrombotic drugs is a fundamental component in the clinical management of these patients and should always be considered by the clinicians facing the disease.


L'artériopathie oblitérante des membres inférieurs est une pathologie très fréquente, souvent invalidante autant sur le plan symptomatologique que fonctionnel. Elle est associée par ailleurs à une morbidité et une mortalité considérables, en raison d'une augmentation significative du risque cardiovasculaire global chez les patients atteints. L'instauration d'un traitement médical optimal, incluant une gestion attentive des différents facteurs de risque cardiovasculaire au travers d'un mode de vie sain, d'une activité physique régulière et structurée et de l'administration (si indiquée) de médicaments antihypertenseurs, hypolipémiants, antidiabétiques et antithrombotiques, représente le pilier du traitement des patients artériopathes et doit être encouragée et gérée par les médecins en charge de ces patients.


Assuntos
Doenças Vasculares Periféricas , Anti-Hipertensivos/uso terapêutico , Humanos , Hipoglicemiantes/uso terapêutico , Extremidade Inferior , Doenças Vasculares Periféricas/tratamento farmacológico , Fatores de Risco
7.
Rev Med Suisse ; 13(586): 2134-2137, 2017 Dec 06.
Artigo em Francês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29211373

RESUMO

Venous thromboembolism (VTE) with its two components, deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE), is a common disease with an incidence of 0,75­2,69/1000. Deep vein thrombosis is localized in unusual sites in about 10 %, and rare DVT's have specific symptoms and risk factors. Uncommon DVT's are often related to local factors, inflammation, cancer, hematologic diseases and thrombophilia. Their diagnostic workup is less straightforward than in suspected VTE of lower limbs and PE, and rare DVT's are often unexpected findings of imaging studies. By extrapolating evidence of lower limbs VTE, most rare DVT are treated by anticoagulants, except retinal vein thrombosis. However, evidence for the type and duration of anticoagulation is limited.


La maladie thromboembolique veineuse avec ses deux facettes, la thrombose veineuse profonde et l'embolie pulmonaire (EP), est fréquente (incidence 0,75­2,69 ‰). Environ 10 % des thromboses ont des localisations inhabituelles et sont caractérisées par des symptômes et étiologies spécifiques. Les thromboses rares sont souvent liées à des facteurs locaux, inflammatoires, des néoplasies, des maladies hématologiques ou une thrombophilie. La démarche diagnostique est moins standardisée par rapport à celle pour les thromboses des membres inférieurs et souvent il s'agit de découvertes fortuites d'imagerie. Avec l'exception de la thrombose rétinienne, une anticoagulation thérapeutique est instaurée dans la majorité des cas, en analogie au traitement des autres thromboses, cependant avec un faible niveau d'évidence quant au choix et à la durée de l'anticoagulation.


Assuntos
Embolia Pulmonar , Trombofilia , Tromboembolia Venosa , Trombose Venosa , Anticoagulantes/uso terapêutico , Humanos , Embolia Pulmonar/diagnóstico , Embolia Pulmonar/terapia , Fatores de Risco , Tromboembolia Venosa/diagnóstico , Tromboembolia Venosa/terapia , Trombose Venosa/diagnóstico , Trombose Venosa/terapia
8.
Rev Med Suisse ; 13(586): 2116-2120, 2017 Dec 06.
Artigo em Francês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29211370

RESUMO

Venous malformations are slow flow dysplastic lesions, constituted by a vascular nest without arterial or capillary connections, more or less independent of the normal venous anatomy and circulation. In certain cases a treatment is required for symptom relief or for natural complications management. The percutaneous sclerotherapy under ultrasound guidance is increasingly used as an effective and mini-invasive option, allowing obtaining very good results with minor side effects. Several substances have been used with different efficacy and side effects rate. We review the literature and present some cases.


Les malformations veineuses sont des lésions à flux lent, constituées d'un nid vasculaire sans connexion artérielle ni capillaire, plus ou moins indépendantes du réseau veineux normal. Dans certains cas, un traitement est indiqué pour en diminuer les symptômes ou pour gérer les éventuelles complications naturelles. Le traitement par sclérothérapie percutanée sous guidage échographique se révèle une option efficace et peu invasive, permettant de diminuer le volume et d'obtenir de très bons résultats avec moins d'effets secondaires. Plusieurs substances ont été utilisées, avec différents résultats en termes d'efficacité et d'effets secondaires. Nous présentons une revue de la littérature et quelques exemples.


Assuntos
Escleroterapia , Malformações Vasculares , Adulto , Humanos , Estudos Retrospectivos , Soluções Esclerosantes/uso terapêutico , Resultado do Tratamento , Malformações Vasculares/terapia
9.
Rev Med Suisse ; 13(554): 618-622, 2017 Mar 15.
Artigo em Francês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28718606

RESUMO

Interventional treatment of venous insufficiency has been revolutionized by endovascular techniques. Some of these techniques, and particularly thermal ablation (endovenous laser, radiofrequency) are now recommended as first-line therapy in the latest international guidelines. This is because of less post-operative pain, a shorter leave from employment and similar or lower recurrence rate. Endovenous techniques allow safer and more efficient treatment of certain particular conditions : small saphenous vein, ulcers, and recurrent varicose veins. In addition to clinical history and examination, a duplex sonography of deep and superficial veins, performed by an angiologist, is the most important exam in order to determine proper indication and best treatment strategy for each patient.


La prise en charge de l'insuffisance veineuse des membres inférieurs a été révolutionnée par l'avènement des techniques endoveineuses. En particulier, l'ablation thermique par laser endoveineux, ou radiofréquence des troncs saphéniens, a remplacé la chirurgie comme technique de référence dans les dernières guidelines publiées, notamment en raison d'une diminution des douleurs postinterventionnelles et de la durée d'incapacité de travail avec un taux de récidives identique, voire inférieur. Les techniques endoveineuses permettent, en outre, de traiter certaines indications avec un niveau d'efficacité et de sécurité accru : traitement de la petite veine saphène, ulcères et récidives de varices. Afin de déterminer l'indication et la meilleure stratégie de prise en charge, un bilan veineux par écho-Doppler par un angiologue est une étape obligatoire.


Assuntos
Insuficiência Venosa/terapia , Técnicas de Ablação , Ablação por Cateter , Procedimentos Endovasculares , Humanos , Terapia a Laser , Escleroterapia
10.
Rev Med Suisse ; 12(542): 2131-2134, 2016 Dec 07.
Artigo em Francês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28700167

RESUMO

Application of ultrasound contrast media has become a standard in diagnostic imaging in cardiology and in the characterization of focal lesions in multiple organs, especially of the liver. In the past years there was a growing body of evidence for their usefulness in vascular medicine. The development of contrast media, microbubbles with a stabilizing envelope and filled with gaz, small enough to pass through pulmonary capillaries made real-time imaging of organ perfusion possible. Ultrasound contrast media are rapidly eliminated by exhalation and can safely be administered to patients with renal failure. The objective of this review is to describe the basic principles of ultrasound contrast imaging and to inform about vascular applications of contrast ultrasound.


Les produits de contraste échographiques sont utilisés depuis de nombreuses années en imagerie diagnostique et font partie de l'arsenal de l'investigation cardiologique et des lésions focales de multiples organes, surtout hépatiques. Leur emploi dans le domaine vasculaire est plus récent et permet une meilleure imagerie de la vascularisation que l'écho-Doppler natif. Le développement de microbulles de gaz enrobées d'une enveloppe et franchissant les capillaires pulmonaires a permis de visualiser la perfusion des organes en temps réel. Elles sont rapidement éliminées par exhalation et peuvent être utilisées chez des patients souffrant d'insuffisance rénale sévère. Cette revue a pour objectif d'expliquer les principes fondamentaux de l'ultrason au contraste, et de décrire les principales applications vasculaires de celle-ci (CEUS).


Assuntos
Meios de Contraste/administração & dosagem , Microbolhas , Ultrassonografia/métodos , Doenças Vasculares/diagnóstico por imagem , Humanos
11.
J Clin Microbiol ; 52(3): 1009-12, 2014 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24371242

RESUMO

We report for the first time a case of bacteremia caused by Comamonas kerstersii in a 65-year-old patient with sign of diverticulosis. In addition, we review the isolation of Comamonas sp. and related organisms in our hospital over 25 years.


Assuntos
Bacteriemia/diagnóstico , Bacteriemia/patologia , Comamonas/isolamento & purificação , Divertículo/complicações , Infecções por Bactérias Gram-Negativas/diagnóstico , Infecções por Bactérias Gram-Negativas/patologia , Idoso , Bacteriemia/microbiologia , Infecções por Bactérias Gram-Negativas/microbiologia , Hospitais , Humanos , Masculino
13.
J Clin Med ; 10(10)2021 May 11.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34064875

RESUMO

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of a multimodal supervised exercise training (SET) program on walking performance for 12 months in patients with symptomatic lower extremity peripheral artery disease (PAD). Consecutive patients with Fontaine stage II PAD participating in the SET program of our hospital were retrospectively investigated. Walking performance, assessed using a treadmill with measures of the pain-free and maximal walking distance (PFWD, MWD, respectively), and 6 min walking distance (6MWD), were tested before and following SET, as well as at 6 and 12 months after SET completion. Ninety-three symptomatic patients with PAD (65.0 ± 1.1 y) were included in the study. Following SET, the walking performance significantly improved (PFWD: +145%, p ≤ 0.001; MWD: +97%, p ≤ 0.001; 6MWD: +15%, p ≤ 0.001). At 6 months, PFWD (+257%, p ≤ 0.001), MWD (+132%, p ≤ 0.001), and 6MWD (+11%, p ≤ 0.001) remained significantly improved compared with the pre-SET condition. At 12 months, PFWD (+272%, p ≤ 0.001), MWD (+130%, p ≤ 0.001), and 6MWD (+11%, p ≤ 0.001) remained significantly improved compared with the pre-training condition. The walking performance remained significantly improved in both women and men for up to 12 months (p ≤ 0.001). Multimodal SET is effective at improving walking performance in symptomatic patients with PAD, with improvements lasting up to 12 months.

14.
Int Angiol ; 40(1): 1-8, 2021 Feb.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33236869

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Among vascular anomalies, congenital venous malformations (VMs) are the most common lesions. Treatment of VMs is sometimes difficult or cumbersome, depending on their size and tissue involvement. Surgery may lead to invasive and mutilating excisions, often allowing only partial removal, with an increased risk of recurrence. Sclerotherapy is a mainstream technique, resulting in endothelium destruction, fibrosis and subsequent shrinkage of the vascular lesion, also with a risk of recurrence. However, this technique may not be efficient in cases of large and infiltrating VMs. Endovenous thermal ablation has been found to be more effective than sclerotherapy for transmural vascular destruction and has therefore been employed in the treatment of VMs. METHODS: In this study we described a combined technique for the treatment of large intramuscular VMs in seven consecutive patients, associating endovenous laser ablation with sclerotherapy. The aim was to assess feasibility and safety of the procedure. RESULTS: We reported a high immediate technical success, clinical and radiological improvement, with no complications. CONCLUSIONS: The preliminary results presented herein show, that combining EVLA and sclerotherapy for the treatment of voluminous persistent intramuscular VM is safe and technically feasible. The combination of a wide direct intimal thermal damage with chemical sclerotherapy is the force of this approach. The small number of cases and the medium term follow up represent though a limitation.


Assuntos
Terapia a Laser , Malformações Vasculares , Humanos , Lasers , Soluções Esclerosantes , Escleroterapia , Resultado do Tratamento , Ultrassonografia de Intervenção , Malformações Vasculares/diagnóstico por imagem , Malformações Vasculares/terapia , Veias/diagnóstico por imagem
15.
Vasc Endovascular Surg ; 54(7): 605-611, 2020 Oct.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32691691

RESUMO

We evaluated the outcome of multimodal supervised exercise training (SET) on walking performances and different hemodynamic parameters (ankle/toe-brachial index [ABI/TBI], and transcutaneous oxygen pressure [TcPO2]) in patients with symptomatic lower extremity peripheral artery disease (PAD). Whether hemodynamic parameters predict walking performances at baseline and following SET was also investigated. Fontaine stage II PAD's patients following a 3-month SET were retrospectively included. Hemodynamic parameters and walking performances (pain-free [PFWD], maximal [MWD], and 6-minute [6MWD] walking distance) were measured in each patient. Eighty-five symptomatic PAD patients were included. Following SET, PFWD, MWD, and 6MWD significantly increased (+142%, +94%, +14%; respectively; P ≤ .001). Toe-brachial index significantly increased (MD: 0.04 ± 0.01; P = .02), whereas ABI and TcPO2 did not change significantly. At baseline, patients with higher TBI and TcPO2 performed significantly better (PFWD: ß = 0.25, P = .01 for TBI; PFWD: ß = 0.30, P = .005, and MWD: ß = 0.22, P = .04, for TcPO2). No significant relationship was observed at baseline between ABI and walking performances. Baseline values of hemodynamic parameters did not significantly correlate with changes in walking performances. Multimodal SET significantly improves walking performances. Following SET, no significant changes in ABI and TcPO2 were observed. Toe-brachial index values significantly improved after SET. However, this increase was very modest and its clinical relevance remains questionable. Although baseline TBI and supine TcPO2 values predict baseline walking performances, no association was found between baseline hemodynamic parameters and changes in walking performances following SET.


Assuntos
Terapia por Exercício/métodos , Tolerância ao Exercício , Hemodinâmica , Claudicação Intermitente/terapia , Extremidade Inferior/irrigação sanguínea , Doença Arterial Periférica/terapia , Caminhada , Idoso , Índice Tornozelo-Braço , Monitorização Transcutânea dos Gases Sanguíneos , Feminino , Humanos , Claudicação Intermitente/diagnóstico , Claudicação Intermitente/fisiopatologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Força Muscular , Doença Arterial Periférica/diagnóstico , Doença Arterial Periférica/fisiopatologia , Recuperação de Função Fisiológica , Treinamento Resistido , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores de Tempo , Resultado do Tratamento , Teste de Caminhada
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