The role of KIR2DL3/HLA-C*0802 in Brazilian patients with rheumatoid vasculitis.

OBJECTIVES: Rheumatoid arthritis is a polygenically controlled systemic autoimmune disease. Rheumatoid vasculitis is an important extra-articular phenotype of rheumatoid arthritis that can result in deep cutaneous ulcers. The objective of this study was to establish a correlation between the frequency of major histocompatibility complex class I/II alleles and killer immunoglobulin-like receptor genotypes in patients with cutaneous rheumatoid vasculitis. METHODS: Using the Scott & Bacon 1984 criteria to diagnose rheumatoid vasculitis and after excluding any other causes such as diabetes, atherosclerosis, adverse drug reactions, infection, and smoking, patients who met the criteria were selected. All of the selected rheumatoid vasculitis patients presented deep cutaneous ulcers. Identification of the major histocompatibility complex class I/II and killer immunoglobulin-like receptor genotypes was performed by polymerase chain reaction assays of samples collected from the 23 rheumatoid vasculitis patients as well as from 80 controls (40 non-rheumatoid vasculitis RA control patients and 40 healthy volunteers). RESULTS: An association between the presence of the HLA-DRB1*1402 and HLA-DRB1*0101 alleles and cutaneous lesions in rheumatoid vasculitis patients and a correlation between the inhibitor KIR2DL3 and the HLA-C*0802 ligand in rheumatoid vasculitis patients were found. CONCLUSION: An association was found between the presence of the HLA-DRB1*1402 and HLA-DRB1*0101 alleles and the development of cutaneous lesions in rheumatoid vasculitis patients. Additionally, the HLA-C*0802 ligand protects these individuals from developing cutaneous lesions.

Association of HLA-DRB5*01 with protection against cutaneous manifestations of rheumatoid vasculitis in Brazilian patients.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the frequency of HLA classes I and II and their association with the cutaneous manifestation of rheumatoid vasculitis (RV) in Brazilian patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS: During one year we selected 130 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) classified according to the American College of Rheumatology, 1987. All patients underwent a clinical and laboratory questionnaire to exclude other causes of cutaneous vasculopathy (neoplasia, infections, illicit drug use, diabetes mellitus, and tobaccoism). Seventy-three patients with any risk factor for other causes of vasculopathy were excluded. Fifty-seven without risk factors for other causes of vasculopathy were included in the study, 17 with RV according to Scott and Bacon's criteria, 1984. Demographic data, time of RA diagnosis, disease activity (DAS28), presence of rheumatoid factor, and anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies were analyzed. The HLA alleles were typed using the DNA-amplified polymerase chain reaction with low-resolution hybridization and sequence-specific primers. RESULTS: The comparison between the 40 patients without RV and the 17 patients with RV showed an increased frequency of HLA-B*14 (Pc = 0.168) and HLA-Cw*08 (Pc = 0.084) in patients with RV and an increased frequency of HLA-DRB5*01 (Pc = 0.048) in patients without RV. CONCLUSION: The HLA-DRB5*01 may confer protection against that extra-articular manifestation of RA.

The role of KIR2DL3/HLA-C*0802 in Brazilian patients with rheumatoid vasculitis

OBJECTIVES: Rheumatoid arthritis is a polygenically controlled systemic autoimmune disease. Rheumatoid vasculitis is an important extra-articular phenotype of rheumatoid arthritis that can result in deep cutaneous ulcers. The objective of this study was to establish a correlation between the frequency of major histocompatibility complex class I/II alleles and killer immunoglobulin-like receptor genotypes in patients with cutaneous rheumatoid vasculitis. METHODS: Using the Scott & Bacon 1984 criteria to diagnose rheumatoid vasculitis and after excluding any other causes such as diabetes, atherosclerosis, adverse drug reactions, infection, and smoking, patients who met the criteria were selected. All of the selected rheumatoid vasculitis patients presented deep cutaneous ulcers. Identification of the major histocompatibility complex class I/II and killer immunoglobulin-like receptor genotypes was performed by polymerase chain reaction assays of samples collected from the 23 rheumatoid vasculitis patients as well as from 80 controls (40 non-rheumatoid vasculitis RA control patients and 40 healthy volunteers). RESULTS: An association between the presence of the HLA-DRB1*1402 and HLA-DRB1*0101 alleles and cutaneous lesions in rheumatoid vasculitis patients and a correlation between the inhibitor KIR2DL3 and the HLA-C*0802 ligand in rheumatoid vasculitis patients were found. CONCLUSION: An association was found between the presence of the HLA-DRB1*1402 and HLA-DRB1*0101 alleles and the development of cutaneous lesions in rheumatoid vasculitis patients. Additionally, the HLA-C*0802 ligand protects these individuals from developing cutaneous lesions. .

Associação do HLA-DRB5*01 com proteção contra manifestação cutânea da vasculite reumatoide em pacientes brasileiros / Association of HLA-DRB5*01 with protection against cutaneous manifestations of rheumatoid vasculitis in Brazilian patients

OBJETIVO: Avaliar a frequência do HLA classes I e II e sua associação com a manifestação cutânea da vasculite reumatoide (VR) em pacientes brasileiros. PACIENTES E MÉTODOS: Durante um ano foram selecionados 130 pacientes com artrite reumatoide (AR), classificados de acordo com os critérios do American College of Rheumatology de 1987. Os pacientes foram submetidos a um questionário clínico e laboratorial para exclusão de outras causas de vasculopatia cutânea (neoplasia, infecções, uso de drogas ilícitas, diabetes mellitus e tabagismo). Setenta e três foram excluídos por apresentarem algum fator de risco para outras causas de vasculopatias. Cinquenta e sete foram incluídos no estudo sem fator de risco para outras causas de vasculopatia, dos quais 17 apresentavam VR de acordo com os critérios de 1984 de Scott e Bacon. Foram analisados dados demográficos, tempo de diagnóstico de AR, atividade da doença (DAS28) e presença de fator reumatoide e de anticorpos antipeptídeo citrulinado cíclico. Alelos HLA foram tipificados usando-se a reação em cadeia da polimerase-DNA amplificada por hibridização de baixa resolução com sequências específicas de sondas. RESULTADOS: A comparação entre os 40 pacientes sem VR e os 17 pacientes com VR demonstrou uma frequência aumentada do HLA-B*14 (Pc = 0,168) e do HLA-Cw*08 (Pc = 0,084) em pacientes com VR, e uma frequência aumentada do HLA-DRB5*01 (Pc = 0,048) em pacientes sem VR. CONCLUSÃO: O HLA-DRB5*01 pode conferir proteção contra essa manifestação extra-articular da AR.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the frequency of HLA classes I and II and their association with the cutaneous manifestation of rheumatoid vasculitis (RV) in Brazilian patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS: During one year we selected 130 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) classified according to the American College of Rheumatology, 1987. All patients underwent a clinical and laboratory questionnaire to exclude other causes of cutaneous vasculopathy (neoplasia, infections, illicit drug use, diabetes mellitus, and tobaccoism). Seventy-three patients with any risk factor for other causes of vasculopathy were excluded. Fifty-seven without risk factors for other causes of vasculopathy were included in the study, 17 with RV according to Scott and Bacon's criteria, 1984. Demographic data, time of RA diagnosis, disease activity (DAS28), presence of rheumatoid factor, and anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies were analyzed. The HLA alleles were typed using the DNA-amplified polymerase chain reaction with low-resolution hybridization and sequence-specific primers. RESULTS: The comparison between the 40 patients without RV and the 17 patients with RV showed an increased frequency of HLA-B*14 (Pc = 0.168) and HLA-Cw*08 (Pc = 0.084) in patients with RV and an increased frequency of HLA-DRB5*01 (Pc = 0.048) in patients without RV. CONCLUSION: The HLA-DRB5*01 may confer protection against that extra-articular manifestation of RA.

Dengue hemorrágica / Dengue haemorrhagic fever

A dengue hemorrágica/síndrome do choque da dengue (DH/SCD) é uma arbovirose de notificaçäo compulsória provocada por um vírus da família Flavovirae que apresenta quatro subtipos. É transmitida principalmente pelo mosquito Aedes aegypti. Ela se caracteriza por uma febre alta de início repentino, trombocitopenia, hemoconcentraçäo, exudaçäo de plasma, tendência ao choque e às manifestaçöes hemorrágicas. Outros sintomas como artralgia, mialgia e dor retrocular também podem ocorrer. Sua principal hipótese de ocorrência é uma reinfecçäo por um vírus, heteróloga, ou seja, é uma infecçäo secundária por um vírus diferente da primeira infecçäo. Atinge principalmente crianças, asiáticos e caucasianos e é endêmica em alguns países do mundo, principalmente no sudeste asiático. Pode, na ocorrência de choque, levar ao óbito entre 12 a 24 horas. Por isso, o diagnóstico rápido e preciso é indispensável, consistindo basicamente na anamnese, exame físico e exames laboratoriais como o hemograma. Na clínica, devem ser observados sinais de aumento da permeabilidade vascular. No choque pode ocorrer bradicardia. O trratamento se dá basicamente através da infusäo de soro e a prevençäo deve ser feita, principalmente combatendo o mosquito (com a eliminaçäo de criadouros, pulverizaçöes, uso de larvicidas) e através de vacinas; contudo estas ainda estäo em estudo.(au)

Estudo anatômico da artéria dorsal do pé e sua importância em propedêutica / Anatomical study of foot's dorsal artery and it semiological importance

Em virtude da artéria dorsal do pé (ADP) ser muito utilizada na propedêutica vascular e seus dados na literatura serem conflitantes e escassos, os autores se propuseram a estudar sua características topográficas, morfológicas e morfométricas em cadáveres de brasileiros adultos. Foram avaliadas 41 peças do laboratório de Anatomia do Curso de Ciências Médicas do UNILUS onde, entre outros aspectos, puderam observar quatro tipos distintos de disposição da artéria dorsal do pé (ADP), além de sua ausência. Verificou-se que a palpação isolada da artéria dorsal do pé, em virtude de caracteristicas como sua ausência e seu calibre, pode levar à falsa impressão de uma patologia vascular...