RESUMO
A rapid and sensitive high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method was developed and validated to quantify tilmicosin in pig plasma. Plasma samples were prepared by liquid-liquid extraction. Chromatographic separation was achieved on a C18 column (2.1 × 30 mm, 3.5 µm) using acetonitrile-water (90:10, v/v; water included 0.1% formic acid) as the mobile phase. Mass detection was carried out using positive electrospray ionization in multiple reaction monitoring mode. The calibration curve was linear from 0.5 to 2000 ng/mL (r2 = 0.9998). The intra- and inter-day accuracy and precision were within the acceptable limits of ±10% for all tilmicosin concentrations. The recoveries ranged from 95 to 99% for the three tested concentrations. The LC-MS/MS method described herein was simple, fast and less laborious than other methods, achieved high sensitivity using a small sample volume, and was successfully applied to pharmacokinetic studies of tilmicosin enteric granules after oral delivery to pigs. In comparison with tilmicosin premix, tilmicosin enteric granules slowed the elimination rate of tilmicosin, prolonged its period of action and significantly improved its bioavailability.
Assuntos
Antibacterianos/análise , Extração Líquido-Líquido/métodos , Espectrometria de Massas em Tandem/métodos , Tilosina/análogos & derivados , Animais , Masculino , Suínos , Tilosina/análiseRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Ban Huang oral liquid was developed as a veterinary compound preparation by the Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS). The purpose of this study was to determine whether the oral liquid preparation of traditional Chinese medicine, Ban Huang, is safe and effective for treating respiratory diseases in cattle. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Acute oral toxicity experiments were conducted in Wistar rats and Kunming mice via oral administration. The minimum inhibitory concentration of the drug against Mycoplasma bovis in vitro with the double dilution method was 500 mg/mL, indicating good sensitivity. The results of laboratory pathogen testing, analysis of clinical symptoms, and analysis of pathological anatomy were combined to diagnose bovine respiratory diseases in 147 Simmental cattle caused by mixed infections of M. bovis, bovine respiratory syncytial virus, bovine parainfluenza virus type 3, and Mannheimia haemolytica. These cattle were randomly divided into three groups: drug treatment group 1 (treated via Tilmicosin injection), drug treatment group 2 (treated with Shuang Huang Lian oral liquid combined with Tilmicosin injection), and drug treatment group 3 (treated with Ban Huang oral liquid combined with Tilmicosin injection). Treatment effects were observed within 7 days. RESULTS: The results showed no toxicity and a maximum tolerated dose greater than 20 g/kg BW. For the 87 cattle in drug-treatment group, the cure rate was 90.80%, whereas the response rate was 94.25%. The cure rate of drug treatment group was increased by 14.13% in comparison with that of drug control group 1 and by 7.47% in comparison with that of drug control group 2 (both P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates that Ban Huang oral liquid is a safe and effective treatment for bovine respiratory diseases, especially for mixed infection caused by M. bovis, bacteria, and viruses.
Assuntos
Doenças dos Bovinos/tratamento farmacológico , Medicamentos de Ervas Chinesas/uso terapêutico , Mycoplasma bovis/efeitos dos fármacos , Fitoterapia , Doenças Respiratórias/tratamento farmacológico , Animais , Bovinos , Doenças dos Bovinos/microbiologia , Doenças dos Bovinos/virologia , Medicamentos de Ervas Chinesas/farmacologia , Mannheimia haemolytica , Camundongos , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , Ratos Wistar , Vírus Sinciciais Respiratórios , Doenças Respiratórias/microbiologia , Doenças Respiratórias/veterinária , Doenças Respiratórias/virologia , Tilosina/análogos & derivadosRESUMO
A rapid and sensitive high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method was developed and validated to simultaneous quantify artesunate and its metabolite in sheep plasma. The plasma samples were prepared by liquid-liquid extraction. Chromatographic separation was achieved on a C18 column (250×4.6mm, 5µm) using methanol: water (60:40, v/v) (the water included 1mM ammonium acetate, 0.1% formic acid, and 0.02% acetic acid) as the mobile phase. Mass detection was carried out using positive electrospray ionization in multiple reaction monitoring mode. The calibration curve was linear from 1ng/mL to 400ng/mL (r(2)=0.9992 for artesunate, r(2)=0.9993 for its metabolite). The intra- and inter-day accuracy and precision were within the acceptable limits of ±10% at all concentrations for both artesunate and its metabolite. The recoveries ranged from 92% to 98% at the three concentrations for both. In summary, the LC-MS/MS metho described herein was fully successfully applied to pharmacokinetic studies of artesunate nanoemulsion after intramuscular delivery to sheep.
Assuntos
Artemisininas/sangue , Artemisininas/farmacocinética , Cromatografia Líquida/métodos , Espectrometria de Massas em Tandem/métodos , Animais , Artemisininas/química , Artesunato , Estabilidade de Medicamentos , Feminino , Modelos Lineares , Masculino , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Sensibilidade e Especificidade , OvinosRESUMO
A rapid and sensitive high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method was developed and validated for the determination of arecoline concentration in dog plasma. Plasma sample was prepared by protein precipitation using n-hexane (containing 1% isoamyl alcohol) with ß-pinene as an internal standard. Chromatographic separation was achieved on an Agilent C18 column (4.6×75mm, 3.5µm) using methanol: 5mM ammonium acetate as the mobile phase with isocratic elution. Mass detection was carried out using positive electrospray ionization in multiple reaction monitoring mode. The calibration curve for arecoline was linear over a concentration range of 2-500ng/mL. The intra-day and inter-day accuracy and precision were within the acceptable limits of ±10% at all concentrations. In summary, the LC-MS/MS method described herein was fully validated and successfully applied to the pharmacokinetic study of arecoline hydrobromide tablets in dogs after oral administration.