[Risk factors of 3rd stage retinopathy of prematurity progression]. / Czynniki ryzyka rozwoju 3 stadium retinopatii wczesniaków.

Retinopathy of prematurity is a vasoproliferative, multifactorial disease of retina affecting the preterm neonates. Purpose of the study was to assess the association between a range of clinical features and the development of the stage 3 ROP. The studies comprised 79 preterm infants with diagnosed 3rd stage of ROP and 1117 preterm neonates without ROP as a control group. The analysis included the clinical data of patients--gestational age, birth weight, presence of hypotrophy, Apgar score, duration of oxygen therapy, ventilation and phototherapy. Among the potential risk factors, hypotrophy and duration of phototherapy had no significant influence on the development of 3rd stage ROP. High risk of development of 3rd stage ROP was observed in neonates born before 28th week of gestation, weighing at birth less than 1000 g. The significant risk factors were also the asphyxia, duration of ventillation exceeding 30 days and oxygen therapy longer than 40 days.

[Eye neoplasms during the developmental years based on personal observations]. / Nowotwory ukladu wzrokowego w wieku rozwojowym na podstawie wlasnych obserwacji.

The paper presents the results of the observations of 81 patients among 84 (44 females and 40 males, aged 0 to 18 years) treated in the period 1990-1993 for neoplasms of the visual system. Surgery was performed in 73 of them (89%). Histopathological examinations of tumors define most of them as benign (96% and 4%) as primary malignant.

[Etiology of congenital cataract--clinical observations]. / Etiologia zacmy wrodzonej--obserwacje kliniczne.

PURPOSE: To analyse the etiologic factors of the congenital cataract. METHODS: The authors analyzed 49 cases of congenital cataract in patients hospitalized at Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital in Lódz. The diagnostic procedures were based on own multiprofile algorithm which included natural history, complete ophthalmologic examination, metabolic, cytogenetic and serologic investigation. RESULTS: Four groups of patients were established depending on the nature of the etiologic factors: metabolic, familial and/or genetic, environmental and unknown. CONCLUSION: Etiology of more than one half of the analyzed patients was found and specific treatment was possible in some cases.

[Changes in the visual system in low birth weight children]. / Zmiany w ukladzie wzrokowym u dzieci z niska urodzeniowa masa ciala.

PURPOSE: Evaluation of the visual system, especially refraction, in children with low birth weight under observation between 1990-1992. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 248 children with birth weight 600-2500 g and gestational age 26-37 weeks underwent ophthalmological examination including USG, ERG and VER. The children were first examined between 3-4 weeks of life, then at 8 and 12 weeks and 6, 12, 18 and 24 months. RESULTS: Refractive errors were found in 216 of patients, in 85.2% hypermetropia. ROP occurred in 7 children with birth weight below 1500 g and gestational age 27-32 weeks. Other ocular changes were observed in 19 (7.6%) of the examined children.

[Usefulness of color Doppler ultrasonography in diagnosis of retinal detachment]. / Przydatnosc kolorowej ultrasonografii dopplerowskiej w rozpoznawaniu odwarstwienia siatkówki.

PURPOSE: Possibility of visualising the vessels within retinal detachment. MATERIAL AND METHOD: Examinations were performed using "Color Doppler" and "Power Doppler" methods on 46 eyes with linear hyperechogenic lesions within vitreous body found in US B-mode examination. RESULTS: The results show the possibilities of Doppler examination in visualising branches of the central retinal artery within the detached retina. The presence of vessels in the membranous proliferations was not found. CONCLUSION: Color Doppler ultrasonography can be used in localising the position of retina, especially when proliferative lesions and detachment coexist.