Modulation of auxin signalling through DIAGETROPICA and ENTIRE differentially affects tomato plant growth via changes in photosynthetic and mitochondrial metabolism.

Auxin modulates a range of plant developmental processes including embryogenesis, organogenesis, and shoot and root development. Recent studies have shown that plant hormones also strongly influence metabolic networks, which results in altered growth phenotypes. Modulating auxin signalling pathways may therefore provide an opportunity to alter crop performance. Here, we performed a detailed physiological and metabolic characterization of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) mutants with either increased (entire) or reduced (diageotropica-dgt) auxin signalling to investigate the consequences of altered auxin signalling on photosynthesis, water use, and primary metabolism. We show that reduced auxin sensitivity in dgt led to anatomical and physiological modifications, including altered stomatal distribution along the leaf blade and reduced stomatal conductance, resulting in clear reductions in both photosynthesis and water loss in detached leaves. By contrast, plants with higher auxin sensitivity (entire) increased the photosynthetic capacity, as deduced by higher Vcmax and Jmax coupled with reduced stomatal limitation. Remarkably, our results demonstrate that auxin-sensitive mutants (dgt) are characterized by impairments in the usage of starch that led to lower growth, most likely associated with decreased respiration. Collectively, our findings suggest that mutations in different components of the auxin signalling pathway specifically modulate photosynthetic and respiratory processes.

Sophrology versus resistance training for treatment of women with fibromyalgia: A randomized controlled trial.

INTRODUCTION: Physical training has been recommended to improve overall well-being in patients with fibromyalgia. Body relaxation exercises also seem to have some beneficial effect, however there is no consensus regarding this modality. OBJECTIVE: Comparing the effectiveness of sophrology and resistance training in improving the pain of women with fibromyalgia. METHOD: A randomized controlled clinical trial with a blind evaluator. Sixty (60) women with a medical diagnosis of fibromyalgia were randomized and included in two groups: sophrology group (SG) who participated in a relaxation program based on sophrology (n = 30), and resistance group (RG) (n = 30) who participated in a resistance training program for biceps, pectoral, triceps, knee extensors, trapezius, knee flexors, hip abductors. Both groups were treated twice a week for 12 weeks and reevaluated every 4 weeks. The assessment instruments used were the Visual Analog Scale for Pain (VAS), the one-repetition maximum test (1 RM), the overall quality of life (SF-36), the 6-min walk test (6MWT), the Timed Up and Go test (TUG) and the Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire (FIQ). RESULTS: We found that the RG presented statistically significant decreases in pain (VAS) during the evaluations (p < 0.05) and increased strength of the evaluated muscles (p < 0.05). A statistically significant decrease in pain (p < 0.05) was observed in the SG compared to T0, with no significant differences in muscle strength. Differences between groups were observed, with better indices only for 6MWT and functional capacity domain of the SF36 for the RG (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: No differences in pain were found between the groups. Resistance training was more effective than sophrology in improving strength and functional capacity of women with fibromyalgia.

Perfil sociodemográfico, de saúde e hábitos de vida de idosos na Atenção Primária à Saúde / Sociodemographic profile, health and life habits of older adults in Primary Health Care / Hábitos sociodemográficos, de salud y de estilo de vida del adulto mayor en Atención Primaria de Salud

O envelhecimento populacional é considerado uma importante conquista da humanidade, no entanto, tem representado um desafio para os países em desenvolvimento, como o Brasil. Assim, conhecer o perfil da população idosa é relevante para o desenvolvimento de ações específicas e para nortear políticas de saúde. Este estudo teve como objetivo caracterizar o perfil sociodemográfico, os hábitos de vida e os aspectos de saúde dos idosos cadastrados em unidades básicas de saúde de um município localizado no interior do Nordeste. Para isso, foi realizada uma pesquisa epidemiológica, observacional e transversal, no ano de 2018. Foram avaliados 109 idosos, a maioria do sexo feminino (77,1%), faixa etária de 65 a 69 anos (45,9%), casados (47,7%), brancos (46,8%), com ensino fundamental incompleto (64,2%). Com relação aos hábitos de vida, a maior parte relatou não fumar (92,7%), não beber álcool (91,7%) e ter comportamento sedentário (60,6%). Quanto às condições de saúde, a maioria apresentou comorbidades (57,8%), sem sintomatologia depressiva (80,7%), além de relatar satisfação com os serviços de saúde. Assim, conclui-se que os resultados obtidos neste estudo podem contribuir para nortear possíveis ações a serem realizadas na Atenção Primária à Saúde e auxiliar no desenvolvimento das políticas de saúde voltadas para a população idosa.

Population aging is an important achievement of humanity; however, it has represented a challenge for developing countries, such as Brazil. Thus, knowing the profile of the aging population is relevant for developing specific actions and guiding health policies. This epidemiological, observational, and cross-sectional study, conducted in 2018, sought to characterize the sociodemographic profile, life habits and health aspects of older adults registered in basic health units in a Northeastern municipality. Total sample evaluated consisted of 109 older adults, mostly female (77.1%), age range 65 to 69 years old (45.9%), married (47.7%), white (46.8%), with incomplete primary education (64.2%). Regarding lifestyle habits, most reported not smoking (92.7%), not drinking alcohol (91.7%), and having sedentary behavior (60.6%). As for health conditions, most participants had comorbidities (57.8%), no depressive symptoms (80.7%), and reported satisfaction with health services. In conclusion, the results obtained in this study can contribute to guide possible Primary Health Care actions and assist in developing health policies aimed at older adults.

El envejecimiento de la población es considerado como un logro importante de la humanidad, sin embargo, ha representado un desafío para los países en desarrollo, como Brasil. Así, conocer el perfil de la población anciana es importante para el desarrollo de acciones específicas y para orientar las políticas de salud. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo caracterizar el perfil sociodemográfico, los hábitos de vida y los aspectos de salud de los ancianos registrados en unidades básicas de salud de un municipio ubicado en el interior del Nordeste (Brasil). Para ello, se realizó una encuesta epidemiológica, observacional y transversal en 2018. Se evaluaron a 109 adultos mayores, la mayoría del sexo femenino (77,1%), con edad entre 65 y 69 años (45,9%), casados ??(47,7%), blancos (46,8%) y con primaria incompleta (64,2%). En cuanto a los hábitos de vida, la mayoría refirió no fumar (92,7%), no consumir alcohol (91,7%) y tener una conducta sedentaria (60,6%). Respecto a las condiciones de salud, la mayoría tenía comorbilidades (57,8%) y sin síntomas depresivos (80,7%); además, reportaron satisfacción con los servicios de salud. Por lo tanto, se concluye que los resultados obtenidos en este estudio pueden contribuir a orientar posibles acciones futuras en la Atención Primaria de Salud y a auxiliar en el desarrollo de políticas de salud dirigidas a la población anciana.

Evaluation of the functionality and mobility of community-dwelling older adults in primary health care / Avaliação da funcionalidade e mobilidade de idosos comunitários na atenção primária à saúde

Abstract Objective : To evaluate the functional capacity and mobility of older adults treated in primary health care and the association between adverse outcomes (functional dependence and reduced mobility) and sociodemographic and health conditions. Method : A cross-sectional and analytical epidemiological study was carried out in the municipal region of Caicó, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil. Sociodemographic variables, presence of comorbidities, practice of physical activity, functional capacity (Lawton Scale) and mobility (Timed Up and Go Test) were investigated. Data analysis was performed using descriptive statistics, followed by bivariate analysis to investigate association variables and multivariate analysis (logistic regression). Results : Among the 109 elderly people evaluated, 29.4% were dependent in instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) and 67.9% had reduced mobility. The present study found a significant association between dependence in IADL and age equal to or greater than 75 years; while not practicing physical activity remained a factor of association with reduced mobility, regardless of sex, age and presence of co-morbidities. Conclusion : The findings emphasize the importance of the practice of physical activity, which was associated with better mobility, the construction of spaces of health promotion and disease prevention to encourage active aging for older adults, as well as a multi and interprofessional approach to comprehensive health care for older adults, with the use of functionality assessment tools.

Resumo Objetivo : Avaliar a capacidade funcional e a mobilidade de idosos atendidos na atenção primária à saúde e a associação de desfechos adversos (dependência funcional e mobilidade reduzida) com aspectos sociodemográficos e condições de saúde. Método : Estudo epidemiológico de caráter transversal e analítico, realizado no município de Caicó, Rio Grande do Norte, Brasil. Foram investigadas variáveis sociodemográficas, presença de comorbidades, prática de atividade física, capacidade funcional (Escala de Lawton) e mobilidade (Time Up and Go Test). Para análise dos dados foi empregada a estatística descritiva seguida de análise bivariada para investigar variáveis de associação e análise multivariada (regressão logística). Resultados : Dentre os 109 idosos avaliados, 29,4% apresentaram dependência para realização das atividades instrumentais da vida diária (AIVD) e 67,9% tiveram mobilidade reduzida. O presente estudo constatou associação significativa entre dependência para realizar as AIVD e idade igual ou superior a 75 anos; e não praticar atividade física manteve-se como fator de associação com a mobilidade reduzida, independente do sexo, da idade e da presença de comorbidades. Conclusão : Enfatiza-se a relevância da prática de atividade física que está associada a melhor mobilidade, da construção de espaços de promoção e prevenção para incentivo ao envelhecimento ativo, além da abordagem multi e interprofissional para a atenção integral à saúde da pessoa idosa, com o uso de instrumentos para avaliação da funcionalidade.