Lack of awareness of systemic lupus erythematosus and its consequences in a cohort of moderate and severe patients in Spain: The LupusVoice study.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune condition that can highly impact patients' quality of life (QoL). However, there is a lack of knowledge about SLE, affecting the general population and health care professionals (HCPs) alike. This lack of knowledge has negative implications for patients and the healthcare system, worsening prognosis, negatively impacting QoL, and increasing healthcare utilization. The aim of this paper is to draw attention, according to the perspective of the participants of this study, to the lack of awareness of SLE and its consequences in Spain, and to suggest improvements. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This qualitative, descriptive, observational, multicenter, and cross-sectional study included 40 patients with moderate or severe SLE, recruited during their routine visits in six university hospitals in Spain. The study also included 11 caregivers and 9 HCPs. All participants were individually interviewed. Data from the interviews were coded and analyzed thematically by two anthropologists following a phenomenological perspective. RESULTS: Our study identified a lack of disease awareness among primary care physicians, emergency medicine doctors, and other specialists treating SLE symptomatology. This led to diagnostic delays, which had a clinical and emotional impact on patients. Furthermore, symptom awareness was found to be context dependent. Differences in symptom awareness between HCPs and patients led to a mismatch between the severity evaluation made by doctors and patients. Some HCPs did not consider the limitations of the current severity evaluation of SLE, and therefore attributed symptoms potentially caused by SLE to the unfavorable socioeconomic conditions patients lived in. Finally, a lack of social awareness among friends, family members, and romantic partners led to lower social support, increased isolation, and negative physical and emotional impact for patients. Gender differences in the provision of support were identified. CONCLUSION: This study highlights the need to increase SLE awareness among patients, HCPs, and the broader public in order to improve patient QoL. Being aware of the clinical and emotional impact of such lack of awareness, as well as the role played by context on the patient experience of SLE, is a crucial step towards achieving this goal.

Mutational signature profiling classifies subtypes of clinically different mismatch-repair-deficient tumours with a differential immunogenic response potential.

BACKGROUND: Mismatch repair (MMR) deficiency is the hallmark of tumours from Lynch syndrome (LS), sporadic MLH1 hypermethylated and Lynch-like syndrome (LLS), but there is a lack of understanding of the variability in their mutational profiles based on clinical phenotypes. The aim of this study was to perform a molecular characterisation to identify novel features that can impact tumour behaviour and clinical management. METHODS: We tested 105 MMR-deficient colorectal cancer tumours (25 LS, 35 LLS and 45 sporadic) for global exome microsatellite instability, cancer mutational signatures, mutational spectrum and neoepitope load. RESULTS: Fifty-three percent of tumours showed high contribution of MMR-deficient mutational signatures, high level of global exome microsatellite instability, loss of MLH1/PMS2 protein expression and included sporadic tumours. Thirty-one percent of tumours showed weaker features of MMR deficiency, 62% lost MSH2/MSH6 expression and included 60% of LS and 44% of LLS tumours. Remarkably, 9% of all tumours lacked global exome microsatellite instability. Lastly, HLA-B07:02 could be triggering the neoantigen presentation in tumours that show the strongest contribution of MMR-deficient tumours. CONCLUSIONS: Next-generation sequencing approaches allow for a granular molecular characterisation of MMR-deficient tumours, which can be essential to properly diagnose and treat patients with these tumours in the setting of personalised medicine.

Correlation tests between relative light unit and colony forming unit for improving adenosine triphosphate bioluminescence analysis in bacterial consolidation treatments on palaeontological heritage.

In this article bacterial carbonate mineralization treatments are proposed as a novel strategy for decayed fossils and palaeontological heritage conservation; specifically, by means of inoculation of Myxococcus xanthus, a bacterium of proven effectiveness in ornamental stone bioconsolidation. Bioconsolidation treatments can be very effective, stable, nontoxic, environmentally friendly, and chemically compatible with fossil heritage. The method reproduces what nature has been doing for millennia with fossils that have been permineralized by bacterial calcium carbonate precipitation. There is, however, some concern that bacterial inoculation could lead to the growth of undesirable microbiota, which could subsequently damage the fossil substrate. Because of this, the use of bacteria on heritage items must be meticulously monitored and analysis strategies should be carried out to detect bacteria viability during and after treatments. For this purpose, adenosine triphosphate assay is proposed in this article as a fast, affordable, portable, and easy-to-use system for conservators. as ATP assay results are relative and difficult to relate to colony forming unit, this study aims to improve their applicability by examining the correlation between ATP analysis and total viable bacteria count in the specific case of M. xanthus. This research provides reference and correlatable data to obtain an approximate estimation of M. xanthus viable bacterial colonies based on relative light unit data.

Clinical Debriefing in Cardiology Teams: A National Survey in Spain.

BACKGROUND: Clinical debriefing (CD) improves patient safety and builds team resilience. PURPOSE: We describe the current use of CD by multiprofessional Spanish cardiology team members. METHODS: A self-administered survey exploring 31 items was disseminated online in October 2020. A comparison was made between respondents that who experience in CD with inexperienced respondents. Inferential analysis was done using Pearson's χ 2 test. RESULTS: Out of 167 valid responses, 45.5% had been completed by cardiology nurses. One-third of the respondents had experience in CD. Most common situations preceding CD were those with negative outcomes (81.8%). Time constraint was the most commonly reported barrier (76.3%); however, it was significantly less than the expectation of inexperienced respondents (92%, P < .01). Overall, only 28.2% reported self-confidence in their skills to lead a CD. CONCLUSIONS: There is a necessity in Spanish cardiology teams to receive training in CD and embed it in their daily practice.

Beliefs, knowledge and the impact of COVID19 on menopause therapies in Spanish women: COMEM-treatment study.

OBJECTIVE: To study what women think about menopause treatments and assess their knowledge about them. To analyze adherence to treatment during COVID-19 confinement as a secondary objective. METHODS: A multi-center cross-sectional observational study was conducted using a survey of 2500 women between January and June 2019. This was administered following a non-probability sampling procedure including women between 35 and 75 years. An extension study was conducted during the coronavirus pandemic, between March and June 2020. RESULTS: The responses of 2355 surveyed women were analyzed. Of this sample, 42% knew about menopause hormone therapy (MHT). The most frequently identified indication was the treatment of hot flashes (65.6%). The MHT risks most frequently perceived were weight gain (24.2%) and breast cancer (21.7%); the main reason for rejecting MHT was a lack of information (96.1%). Comparative analyses were conducted according to age, menopausal status, type of menopause, place of residence, type of health care and level of education. During the coronavirus confinement period, 85 women using MHT were located, of which 84.7% continued it. CONCLUSIONS: Women hold certain false beliefs about menopause, and their knowledge of the available treatments is somewhat limited. Adherence to MHT during the COVID-19 confinement in Spain has been high.

Crystallographically Textured Nanomaterials Produced from the Liquid Phase Sintering of Bi xSb2- xTe3 Nanocrystal Building Blocks.

Bottom-up approaches for producing bulk nanomaterials have traditionally lacked control over the crystallographic alignment of nanograins. This limitation has prevented nanocrystal-based nanomaterials from achieving optimized performances in numerous applications. Here we demonstrate the production of nanostructured Bi xSb2- xTe3 alloys with controlled stoichiometry and crystallographic texture through proper selection of the starting building blocks and the adjustment of the nanocrystal-to-nanomaterial consolidation process. In particular, we hot pressed disk-shaped Bi xSb2- xTe3 nanocrystals and tellurium nanowires using multiple pressure and release steps at a temperature above the tellurium melting point. We explain the formation of the textured nanomaterials though a solution-reprecipitation mechanism under a uniaxial pressure. Additionally, we further demonstrate these alloys to reach unprecedented thermoelectric figures of merit, up to ZT = 1.96 at 420 K, with an average value of ZTave = 1.77 for the record material in the temperature range 320-500 K, thus potentially allowing up to 60% higher energy conversion efficiencies than commercial materials.

Bottom-up engineering of thermoelectric nanomaterials and devices from solution-processed nanoparticle building blocks.

The conversion of thermal energy to electricity and vice versa by means of solid state thermoelectric devices is extremely appealing. However, its cost-effectiveness is seriously hampered by the relatively high production cost and low efficiency of current thermoelectric materials and devices. To overcome present challenges and enable a successful deployment of thermoelectric systems in their wide application range, materials with significantly improved performance need to be developed. Nanostructuration can help in several ways to reach the very particular group of properties required to achieve high thermoelectric performances. Nanodomains inserted within a crystalline matrix can provide large charge carrier concentrations without strongly influencing their mobility, thus allowing to reach very high electrical conductivities. Nanostructured materials contain numerous grain boundaries that efficiently scatter mid- and long-wavelength phonons thus reducing the thermal conductivity. Furthermore, nanocrystalline domains can enhance the Seebeck coefficient by modifying the density of states and/or providing type- and energy-dependent charge carrier scattering. All these advantages can only be reached when engineering a complex type of material, nanocomposites, with exquisite control over structural and chemical parameters at multiple length scales. Since current conventional nanomaterial production technologies lack such level of control, alternative strategies need to be developed and adjusted to the specifics of the field. A particularly suitable approach to produce nanocomposites with unique level of control over their structural and compositional parameters is their bottom-up engineering from solution-processed nanoparticles. In this work, we review the state-of-the-art of this technology applied to the thermoelectric field, including the synthesis of nanoparticles of suitable materials with precisely engineered composition and surface chemistry, their combination and consolidation into nanostructured materials, the strategies to electronically dope such materials and the attempts to fabricate thermoelectric devices using nanoparticle-based nanopowders and inks.

Electron doping in bottom-up engineered thermoelectric nanomaterials through HCl-mediated ligand displacement.

A simple and effective method to introduce precise amounts of doping in nanomaterials produced from the bottom-up assembly of colloidal nanoparticles (NPs) is described. The procedure takes advantage of a ligand displacement step to incorporate controlled concentrations of halide ions while removing carboxylic acids from the NP surface. Upon consolidation of the NPs into dense pellets, halide ions diffuse within the crystal structure, doping the anion sublattice and achieving n-type electrical doping. Through the characterization of the thermoelectric properties of nanocrystalline PbS, we demonstrate this strategy to be effective to control charge transport properties on thermoelectric nanomaterials assembled from NP building blocks. This approach is subsequently extended to PbTe(x)Se(1-x)@PbS core-shell NPs, where a significant enhancement of the thermoelectric figure of merit is achieved.

An online survey of the Spanish Lupus Patient Association (FELUPUS): patient perceptions and experiences.

OBJECTIVES: A survey conducted by the Spanish Lupus Federation (FELUPUS) shows the results on perceptions and experiences of the people who live with lupus in Spain. The information was gathered anonymously from May 21st to June 30th, 2020. The aim of the study was to monitor the impact of the disease on quality of life, as well as to measure the impact of organ damage in lupus patients. METHODS: A national survey was conducted among people with lupus living in Spain who belong to the Spanish Lupus Patient Association (FELUPUS). Online interviews of approximately 25 min were completed. The information was gathered anonymously from May 21st to June 30th, 2020. RESULTS: One thousand two hundred sixty-three interviews were completed. 92% had a diagnosis of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) and 8% of Cutaneous Lupus Erythematosus (CLE); 95% of the patients surveyed were female. Most of the patients claimed they stay up late, exercising and work/study were the most limited actions due to the disease. 73% of patients considered that there was little knowledge of the disease by society and at the time of diagnosis, the patient's level of knowledge about lupus was low in 92% of them. Regarding organ damage, many patients did not understand the concept of chronicity and irreversibility of the term, relating it erroneously to acute symptoms like fatigue (38%), joint pain (47%) and even to the presence of cutaneous symptoms such as the presence of oral ulcers (17%). CONCLUSIONS: The survey highlighted the need for disease awareness campaigns, greater involvement of healthcare professionals and the need to provide more information to lupus patients from the time of diagnosis. Nationally and to our knowledge, this is the survey with the largest number of participants (N = 1263) conducted in patients with lupus. Key Points •A national survey was conducted among people with lupus living in Spain and belonging to patient associations in Spain (FELUPUS). •Nationally and to our knowledge, this is the survey with the largest number of participants (N = 1263) conducted in patients with lupus. •Most of the patients claimed they stay up late, exercising and work/study were the most limited actions due to the disease. •73% of patients considered that there is little knowledge of the disease by society and at the time of diagnosis, the patient's level of knowledge about lupus was low in 92% of them.

Microbially induced calcium carbonate precipitation in fossil consolidation treatments: Preliminary results inducing exogenous Myxococcus xanthus bacteria in a miocene Cheirogaster richardi specimen.

This research paper proposes Microbially Induced Calcium Carbonate Precipitation (MICP) as an innovative approach for palaeontological heritage conservation, specifically on deteriorated carbonate fossils. Due to its efficiency in bioconsolidation of carbonate ornamental rocks, Myxococcus xanthus inoculation on carbonate fossils was studied in this research. Treatment was tested on nine fossil samples from decontextualized fragments of Cheirogaster richardi specimens (Can Mata site, Hostalets de Pierola, Catalonia, Spain). The main objective was to evaluate whether treatment with Myxococcus xanthus improved fossil surface cohesion and hardness and mechanical strength without significant physicochemical and aesthetic changes to the surface. Chemical compatibility of the treatment, penetration capacity and absence of noticeable changes in substrate porosity were considered as important issues to be evaluated. Samples were analysed, before and after treatment, by scanning electron microscopy, weight control, spectrophotometry, X-ray diffraction analysis, water absorption analysis, pH and conductivity control, Vickers microindentation and tape test. Results show that hardness increases by a factor of almost two. Cohesion also increases and surface disaggregated particles are bonded together by a calcium carbonate micrometric layer with no noticeable changes in surface roughness. Colour and gloss variations are negligible, and pH, conductivity and weight hardly change. Slight changes in porosity were observed but without total pore clogging. To sum up, results indicate that Myxococcus xanthus biomineralisation is an effective consolidation treatment for carbonate fossils and highly compatible with carbonate substrates. Furthermore, bacterial precipitation of calcium carbonate is a safe and eco-friendly consolidation treatment.

Emotional response of critically-ill cardiac patients during hygiene procedures in intensive care: a prospective and descriptive study. / Respuesta emocional de pacientes cardiológicos en estado crítico durante la higiene en cuidados intensivos: estudio prospectivo y descriptivo.

OBJECTIVE: to analyze the emotional response of critically-ill conscious patients during daily hygiene procedures in a Cardiology Intensive Care Unit and to compare it based on the existence of previous experiences or not. METHOD: a prospective and descriptive study. A 30-item ad hoc survey based on the first-day hygiene procedures was applied to 148 patients. Questions are asked about the feelings during the hygiene procedures and about positive and negative aspects of the experience. The patients are compared based on whether they had been already subjected to hygiene procedures or not. RESULTS: 67.6% were men and their mean age was 67±15 years old; 45.9% proved to be satisfied, 27% felt embarrassment and 86.3% were grateful to the professionals for talking to them during the hygiene procedures. 33.1% of the patients had never been subjected to hygiene procedures in bed, were significantly younger and single, and presented a lower cleanliness sensation. 32% stated that they would like for a family member to collaborate in the hygiene procedures. CONCLUSION: the patients do not feel that their intimacy is invaded when they are subjected to hygiene procedures and appreciate communication with the health personnel while this care is provided. Those who had never been subjected to hygiene procedures in bed are younger, feel more embarrassed and are more disturbed by interruptions, in addition to being more aware of them.

Workforce Readiness Training: A Comprehensive Training Model That Equips Community Health Workers to Work at the Top of Their Practice and Profession.

Background: Recent reports have recognized that only 20 percent of health outcomes are attributed to clinical care. Environmental conditions, behaviors, and social determinants of health account for 80 percent of overall health outcomes. With shortages of clinical providers stressing an already burdened healthcare system, Community Health Workers (CHWs) can bridge healthcare gaps by addressing these nonmedical factors influencing health. This paper details how a comprehensive training model equips CHWs for workforce readiness so they can perform at the top of their practice and profession and deliver well-coordinated client/patient-centered care. Methods: Literature reviews and studies revealed that training CHWs alone is not sufficient for successful workforce readiness, rather CHW integration within the workforce is needed. Consequently, this comprehensive training model is developed for CHWs with varying skill levels and work settings, and supervisors to support organizational readiness and CHW integration efforts. A systematic training program development approach along with detailed implementation methods are presented. Continuing education sessions to support CHW practice and Organizational Readiness Training for supervisors, leadership and team members directly engaged with CHWs in the workplace are also discussed. CHWs were involved in all phases of the research, development, implementation, and actively serve in evaluations and curriculum review committees. Results: Components of the comprehensive training model are presented with an emphasis on the core CHW training. Two CHW training tracks are offered using three delivery modalities. Process measures with student learning objectives, outcome measures developed using the Kirkpatrick model to capture attitude, perceptions, knowledge acquisition, confidence, behavior, and overall experience, and impact stories by two CHWs are presented. Lessons learned from the implementation of the training program are discussed in three categories: Practice-driven curricula, student-centered training implementation, and adaptations in response to COVID-19 pandemic. Conclusion: This comprehensive training model recognizes that training CHWs in a robust training program is key as the demand for well-rounded CHWs increases. Furthermore, a comprehensive training program must include training for supervisors, leadership, and team members working directly with CHWs. Such efforts strengthen the CHW practice and profession to support the delivery of well-coordinated and holistic client/patient-centered care.

Experiences of nursing students as healthcare aid during the COVID-19 pandemic in Spain: A phemonenological research study.

BACKGROUND: The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has caused a worldwide health and social crisis directly impacting the healthcare system. Hospitals had to rearrange its structure to meet clinical needs. Spain has been experiencing a shortage of working nurses. Student nurses in their last year at university were employed to help the National Health System respond to the COVID-19 crisis. AIM: The aim of this study was to explore and understand the experience of nursing students' roles as healthcare aid in responding to the COVID-19 crisis. METHODS: A qualitative phenomenology design was used to explore undergraduate nursing students' perceptions of their experiences as HAs during the COVID-19 outbreak. Open face-to-face interviews were conducted to nursing students (n = 10) in May 2020. Data was analyzed using the hermeneutic interpretative approach. RESULTS: All participants were women aged between 21 and 25 years. Seven main themes emerged: learning, ambivalent emotions and adaptation were classified at a personal level; teamwork, patient communication, and unclear care processes were categorized under hospital structure; and coping mechanisms were part of external factors. CONCLUSIONS: Orientation, follow-up, and emotional support in crisis situations are key to unexperienced healthcare workers overcoming stressful emotions. Previous academic education and training may help novice future nurses feel more confident about their tasks and responsibilities as well as improve patient outcomes, resource management, and staff safety.

Lived Experiences of Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients: A Qualitative Study.

The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in many hospitalized patients and deaths worldwide. Coronavirus patients were isolated from their relatives and visits were banned to prevent contagion. This has brought about a significant change in deeply rooted care habits in Mediterranean and Latin American countries where the family normally accompanies vulnerable hospitalized patients. The aim of this qualitative study was to examine the hospitalization experience of COVID-19 patients and their family members. A phenomenological qualitative approach was used. Data collection included inductive, in-depth interviews with 11 COVID-19 hospitalized patients. The mean age of patients was 55.4 years and 45% were female. Nearly 50% required Intensive Care Unit (ICU) admission. Ten meaningful statements were identified and grouped in three themes: Positive and negative aspects of the care provided, the patient's perspective, and perception of the experience of the disease. In conclusion, COVID-19 patients, aware of the severity of the pandemic, were very adaptable to the situation and had full confidence in health professionals. Patient isolation was perceived as necessary. Technology has helped to maintain communication between patients and relatives.

Prevalencia de Porphyromonas gingivalis en fluido gingival y su relación con la periodontitis / Prevalence of Porphyromonas gingivalis in gingival fluid and its relationship with periodontitis

Introducción: la periodontitis es una enfermedad infecciosa multifactorial asociada a un biofilm de microorganismos patógenos. Objetivo: el objetivo del trabajo fue establecer la prevalencia de Porphyromonas gingivalis en pacientes con periodontitis y relacionarla con la severidad de la enfermedad. Material y métodos: participaron 45 pacientes, sistémicamente saludables, con edades entre 35 y 65 años. El grado de periodontitis se definió según los criterios de Papapanou y colaboradores. Como grupo control, se incluyeron 20 sujetos de ambos sexos sin periodontitis y sin enfermedades sistémicas. Se tomaron muestras de fluido gingival en dos sitios más profundos. Porphyromonas gingivalis se detectó por PCR (reacción en cadena de la polimerasa). Resultados: la frecuencia relativa de periodontitis fue de 13.3% grado I, 46.7% grado II y 40% grado III. El sexo masculino presentó periodontitis grado III 72.2% y grado II 52.3%. El grado I se registró con mayor frecuencia en el sexo femenino, 66.7%. La prevalencia de Porphyromonas gingivalis en la población con periodontitis fue de 44.4%. Se obtuvieron diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre los grados de severidad de periodontitis y la presencia de Porphyromonas gingivalis (p = 0.0002, α = 5%). Conclusión: la periodontitis predominó en el sexo masculino. La prevalencia de Porphyromonas gingivalis en la población con periodontitis crónica fue de 44.4% y su presencia está relacionada con la severidad (AU)

Introduction: periodontitis is a multifactorial infectious disease associated with a biofilm of pathogenic microorganisms. Objective: the objective of the work was to establish the prevalence of Porphyromonas gingivalis in patients with periodontitis and relate it to the severity of the disease. Material and methods: 45 systemically healthy patients, aged between 35 and 65 years old, participated. The degree of periodontitis was defined according to the criteria of Papapanou et al. As a control group, 20 patients of both sexes without periodontitis and without systemic diseases were included. Gingival fluid samples were taken from two deeper sites. Porphyromonas gingivalis was detected by PCR (polymerase chain reaction). Results: the relative frequency of periodontitis was 13.3% grade I, 46.7% grade II and 40% grade III. The male sex presented periodontitis grade III 72.2% and grade II 52.3%. Grade I was recorded more frequently in the female sex, 66.7%. The prevalence of Porphyromonas gingivalis in the population with periodontitis was 44.4%. Statistically significant differences were obtained between the degrees of severity of periodontitis and the presence of Porphyromonas gingivalis (p = 0.0002, α = 5%). Conclusion: periodontitis predominated in males. The prevalence of Porphyromonas gingivalis in the population with chronic periodontitis was 44.4% and its presence is related to severity (AU)

High Thermoelectric Performance in Crystallographically Textured n-Type Bi2Te3- xSe x Produced from Asymmetric Colloidal Nanocrystals.

In the present work, we demonstrate crystallographically textured n-type Bi2Te3- xSe x nanomaterials with exceptional thermoelectric figures of merit produced by consolidating disk-shaped Bi2Te3- xSe x colloidal nanocrystals (NCs). Crystallographic texture was achieved by hot pressing the asymmetric NCs in the presence of an excess of tellurium. During the hot press, tellurium acted both as lubricant to facilitate the rotation of NCs lying close to normal to the pressure axis and as solvent to dissolve the NCs approximately aligned with the pressing direction, which afterward recrystallize with a preferential orientation. NC-based Bi2Te3- xSe x nanomaterials showed very high electrical conductivities associated with large charge carrier concentrations, n. We hypothesize that such large n resulted from the presence of an excess of tellurium during processing, which introduced a high density of donor TeBi antisites. Additionally, the presence in between grains of traces of elemental Te, a narrow band gap semiconductor with a work function well below Bi2Te3- xSe x, might further contribute to increase n through spillover of electrons, while at the same time blocking phonon propagation and hole transport through the nanomaterial. NC-based Bi2Te3- xSe x nanomaterials were characterized by very low thermal conductivities in the pressing direction, which resulted in ZT values up to 1.31 at 438 K in this direction. This corresponds to a ca. 40% ZT enhancement from commercial ingots. Additionally, high ZT values were extended over wider temperature ranges due to reduced bipolar contribution to the Seebeck coefficient and the thermal conductivity. Average ZT values up to 1.15 over a wide temperature range, 320 to 500 K, were measured, which corresponds to a ca. 50% increase over commercial materials in the same temperature range. Contrary to most previous works, highest ZT values were obtained in the pressing direction, corresponding to the c crystallographic axis, due to the predominance of the thermal conductivity reduction over the electrical conductivity difference when comparing the two crystal directions.

Respuesta emocional de pacientes cardiológicos en estado crítico durante la higiene en cuidados intensivos: estudio prospectivo y descriptivo / Emotional response of critically-ill cardiac patients during hygiene procedures in intensive care: a prospective and descriptive study / Resposta emocional de pacientes cardiológicos críticos durante a higiene em cuidados intensivos: um estudo prospectivo e descritivo

Objetivo: analizar la respuesta emocional de pacientes conscientes en estado crítico durante la higiene diaria en una unidad de cuidados intensivos cardiológicos y compararla en función de experiencias previas o no. Método: estudio prospectivo y descriptivo. Encuesta ad hoc de 30 ítems realizada a 148 pacientes y basada en la higiene del primer día. Se formulan preguntas sobre los sentimientos durante la higiene y aspectos positivos y negativos de la experiencia. Se compara a los pacientes en función de si se los había higienizado con anterioridad. Resultados: el 67,6% fueron hombres y la media de edad fue de 67±15 años. El 45,9% presentó conformismo, el 27% sintió vergüenza y el 86,3% agradeció que le hablaran durante la higiene. Al 33,1% de los pacientes nunca les habían realizado higiene en la cama, eran significativamente más jóvenes y solteros, y tenían menor sensación de limpieza. El 32% expresó que le gustaría que un familiar colaborase en la higiene. Conclusión: los pacientes no sienten que se invade su intimidad cuando se los higieniza y aprecian la comunicación con el personal sanitario durante estos cuidados. Los pacientes a quienes no les habían realizado higiene en la cama previamente son más jóvenes, sienten mayor vergüenza y les molestan más las interrupciones, siendo más conscientes de ellas.

Objective: to analyze the emotional response of critically-ill conscious patients during daily hygiene procedures in a Cardiology Intensive Care Unit and to compare it based on the existence of previous experiences or not. Method: a prospective and descriptive study. A 30-item ad hoc survey based on the first-day hygiene procedures was applied to 148 patients. Questions are asked about the feelings during the hygiene procedures and about positive and negative aspects of the experience. The patients are compared based on whether they had been already subjected to hygiene procedures or not. Results: 67.6% were men and their mean age was 67±15 years old; 45.9% proved to be satisfied, 27% felt embarrassment and 86.3% were grateful to the professionals for talking to them during the hygiene procedures. 33.1% of the patients had never been subjected to hygiene procedures in bed, were significantly younger and single, and presented a lower cleanliness sensation. 32% stated that they would like for a family member to collaborate in the hygiene procedures. Conclusion: the patients do not feel that their intimacy is invaded when they are subjected to hygiene procedures and appreciate communication with the health personnel while this care is provided. Those who had never been subjected to hygiene procedures in bed are younger, feel more embarrassed and are more disturbed by interruptions, in addition to being more aware of them.

Objetivo: analisar a resposta emocional de pacientes críticos conscientes durante a higiene diária em uma unidade de terapia intensiva cardíaca e compará-la considerando ou não as experiências prévias. Método: estudo prospectivo e descritivo. Foi aplicado questionário ad hoc de 30 itens a 148 pacientes, com base na higiene do primeiro dia. Foram feitas perguntas sobre sentimentos durante a higiene e aspectos positivos e negativos da experiência. Os pacientes foram comparados considerando o fato de terem sido higienizados anteriormente. Resultados: 67,6% eram homens e a idade média foi de 67±15 anos. 45,9% apresentavam conformismo, 27% se sentiram envergonhados e 86,3% estavam gratos por terem conversado com eles durante a higiene; 33,1% dos pacientes acamados nunca haviam recebido cuidados de higiene no leito, eram significativamente mais jovens e solteiros, e tinham um senso de limpeza mais baixo; 32% expressaram que gostariam que um membro da família ajudasse na higiene. Conclusão: os pacientes não se sentiram invadidos em sua intimidade quando receberam os cuidados de higiene e apreciaram a comunicação com o pessoal de saúde durante o procedimento. Os pacientes que não tinham recebido cuidados de higiene no leito anteriormente são mais jovens, sentem-se mais constrangidos e mais incomodados pelas interrupções, sendo mais conscientes delas.