Assuntos
Pneumopatias Obstrutivas/terapia , Cloreto de Sódio/uso terapêutico , Escarro/metabolismo , Tensoativos/uso terapêutico , Irrigação Terapêutica , Água/uso terapêutico , Aerossóis , Álcoois/uso terapêutico , Ensaios Clínicos como Assunto , Tosse/fisiopatologia , Estudos de Avaliação como Assunto , Expectorantes , Humanos , Pneumopatias Obstrutivas/etiologia , Mucosa/fisiopatologia , Polímeros/uso terapêutico , Terapia Respiratória , Espirometria , Ácidos Sulfúricos/uso terapêuticoRESUMO
Mycobacterium tuberculosis and the atypical mycobacteria may give rise to similar clinical pictures. Although the etiological separation of these diseases requires special cultural techniques, the identity of the causative mycobacteria may be suggested following the simultaneous use of a series of antigens. Thus, in spite of cross-reactivity to photochromogen and to a lesser degree to scotochromogen antigens, patients with typical tuberculosis had the largest reaction to Old Tuberculin. Such simultaneous tests, when carried out with careful measurements in a standardized manner, are of diagnostic value in identifying the responsible mycobacterium.
Assuntos
Antígenos , Infecções por Mycobacterium/diagnóstico , Testes Cutâneos , Teste Tuberculínico , Tuberculose/diagnóstico , Adulto , Idoso , Canadá , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Feminino , Humanos , Indígenas Norte-Americanos , Inuíte , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , População BrancaRESUMO
Twenty-two patients with chronic productive bronchitis or bronchiectasis were treated by direct instillations of normal saline and N-acetylcysteine into the trachea through a percutaneous catheter following a period of conventional routine therapy.The instillation, using either normal saline or varying concentrations of N-acetylcysteine did not produce significant change in alveolar gas exchange as reflected by measurement of arterial PaCO(2) and the alveolar arterial gradient for oxygen during and after the introduction of the medication into the bronchial tree. Studies were carried out after patients had been stabilized breathing pure oxygen on an IPPB machine for 30 minutes.Evaluation of the treatment by means of pulmonary function tests demonstrated significant improvement in overall function following therapy.The results indicate that the technique of tracheobronchial lavage is physiologically benign and that overall improvement in pulmonary function can be obtained by this means in cases of the type described in this study.
Assuntos
Acetilcisteína/administração & dosagem , Bronquiectasia/tratamento farmacológico , Bronquite/tratamento farmacológico , Broncodilatadores/administração & dosagem , Cloreto de Sódio/administração & dosagem , Cateterismo , Humanos , Testes de Função Respiratória , TraqueiaRESUMO
A double-blind crossover comparison was made of the effect of orally administered terbutaline (a new adrenergic drug with major action on beta2-receptors), ephedrine, and placebo in 15 patients with obstructive airways disease. Serial determination of ventilatory tests, arterial gas tensions, arterial blood pressure, ECG, blood chemistries, and urinalysis were made before and after administration of the tested drug. Terbutaline (5 mg) was found to be an effective bronchodilator with minimal side effects and an earlier onset and longer duration of action than ephedrine (25 mg).