Technology for performing ocular self-examination: comparison between printed and virtual booklets. / Tecnologia para realização do autoexame ocular: comparação entre cartilha impressa e virtual.

OBJECTIVE: Comparing the results of the ocular self-examination performed with the aid of printed and virtual versions of an educational booklet. METHOD: A quasi-experimental study carried out in a state (public) school of a capital in northeast Brazil, with 100 students equally divided into control and intervention groups according to age, gender, schooling and economic status. Pearson's Chi-square test and Fisher's exact test were applied with a significance level of 5%. RESULTS: The results of the self-examination obtained by the virtual and printed booklets were statistically similar, except for the item 'Alterations of the pupillary reflex', in which the virtual booklet was more effective for its identification (p=0.049). CONCLUSION: The printed and virtual versions of the ocular educational booklet have similar efficacy for performing ocular self-examination.

Physical accessibility in primary healthcare: a step towards the embracement. / Acessibilidade física na atenção primária à saúde: um passo para o acolhimento.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the physical accessibility from the front desk of primary healthcare units. METHOD: Descriptive and quantitative research to map the accessibility of the physical space in 157 health units, between August 2014 and May 2015, in the region of Baturité, Ceará, Brazil. The data were collected using a checklist instrument type, and absolute and relative frequencies, binomial and verisimilitude tests for statistical analysis, with statistical significance of p <0.05 were used. RESULTS: Of the analyzed items, stairs (24.8%), ramps (47.1%) and floors (75.8%) were inaccessible in most health units. Comparing urban and rural areas, circulation area (0.7x, p=0.293), counter (0.4x, p=0.010), seat (0.7x, p=0.758) and drinking fountain (0.7x, p=0.736) were more inaccessible in the urban area. CONCLUSION: The access of persons with physical disabilities to primary care should be seen as a priority. There are physical, architectural and furniture barriers that compromise the full embracement of the user.

Evaluation of the self-eye examination method for health promotion.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the self-eye examination practice as a tool to promote the ocular self-evaluation. METHOD: Quasi-experimental study developed in a university of Piauí with sample of 324 students between January and May 2014. A team of thirteen researchers made observations during the self-examination followed by an ocular screening. RESULTS: There was no agreement on the hypothesis of defense that the ocular exam could help to observe the eyes health, p-value>0.3. However, the exam was considered as easy to accomplish (99.7%) and that not only the physician can perform the eye exam (99.4%). The awareness about eye care is identified as the main purpose of this booklet (97.6%), (χ2= 186.01; p=0.001). The results highlight the booklet can be used in the teaching process of self-eye examination (84.6%). Although the defense that its fulfilment can replace the consultation with the ophthalmologist (23.8%%) cannot be accepted (χ2= 46.34), the self-exam must be done routinely (82.4%). CONCLUSION: The results prove that the learning through virtual booklet is possible and supports self-care with the eyes by performing the self-exam.

[Assistive technology for visually impaired women for use of the female condom: a validation study]. / Tecnologia assistiva para mulheres com deficiência visual acerca do preservativo feminino: estudo de validação.

OBJECTIVE: To validate assistive technology for visually impaired women to learn how to use the female condom. METHOD: a methodological development study conducted on a web page, with data collection between May and October 2012. Participants were 14 judges; seven judges in sexual and reproductive health (1st stage) and seven in special education (2nd stage). RESULTS: All items have reached the adopted parameter of 70% agreement. In Stage 1 new materials were added to represent the cervix, and instructions that must be heard twice were included in the 2nd stage. CONCLUSION: The technology has been validated and is appropriate for its objectives, structure / presentation and relevance. It is an innovative, low cost and valid instrument for promoting health and one which may help women with visual disabilities to use the female condom.

[Virtual guide on ocular self-examination to support the self-care practice for people with HIV/AIDS]. / Cartilha virtual sobre o autoexame ocular para apoio à prática do autocuidado para pessoas Com HIV/aids.

The objective was to describe the process of development of a virtual guide on ocular self-examination for people with HIV/aids. The methodological proposal followed the five steps recommended by Falkembach: analysis and planning, modeling, implementation, evaluation and distribution. The adequacy of the printed version to the virtual required the construction of a tutorial video, adding illustrative photos for viewing possible ocular changes and interactive tool demonstrating the examination result to the user. In the first material assessment, we diagnosed failures in the layout, thus commands were replaced, unified, rearranged in an easy viewing and adequacy of language. It is possible to promote the approximation of users with prevention methods in the ocular health area through a virtual guide, contributing to develop skills and disseminate self-examination.

[Assessment of an educational technology in the string literature about breastfeeding]. / Avaliação de tecnologia educativa na modalidade literatura de cordel sobre amamentação.

The goal of this study was to assess educational technology in the string literature about breastfeeding. The study was conducted between March and September 2009 by breastfeeding experts and experts on string literature. A psychometric model was adopted as the theoretical-methodological framework. For data collection, an instrument was used to assess the content about breastfeeding and the string literature rules. The analysis was based on comparisons of the notes and critical reflections of experts. Ethical guidelines were followed during the study. After the assessments, the educational technology was adjusted until all of the experts agreed. The assessment of educational technology can reduce obstacles to information dissemination and can lead to improvements in quality of life.

[Transpersonal caring in nursing: an analysis grounded in a conceptual model]. / Cuidado transpessoal em enfermagem: uma análise pautada em modelo conceitual.

This theoretical study aimed to analyze the attributes, antecedents, and consequences of the transpersonal caring concept through using the Concepts Analysis Model. For this purpose, books published based on Jean Watson's theory in Portuguese and English from 1979 to 2012 were listed. Fulfilled inclusion criteria, only six literary works remained. The time of care and intention to be in relationship were the most cited antecedents. The most present attributes were intersubjectivity and relationships among those ones involved in the process. With regard to consequences, the most present element was the fact that the transpersonal caring provides restoration/reconstitution (healing). The study allowed noting tiny changes in the concept definition over the years and publications of theory. Thus, analyzing the attributes, antecedents, and consequences of concept provided its better understanding and comprehension of its importance in the Human Caring Theory proposed by American theorist.

[Educative game on drugs for blind individuals: development and assessment]. / Jogo educativo sobre drogas para cegos: construção e avaliação.

Study aimed to develop and assess an educational game on psychoactive drugs accessible to blind individuals, conducted in three steps: development of the educative game, evaluation by three special education experts, and assessment by twelve blind individuals. As a result, a board game called Drugs: staying clean was developed. In the Alpha version, experts made suggestions regarding the game rules and instructions and the board base, including square texture, game pieces, and Braille writing. In Beta version, we proceeded to the assessment by the blind participants, who suggested changes in the square texture and the addition of Velcro-type material to fix the counters on the board. Then, the Gamma version was played by the last pairs of blind players and was considered by them to be adequate. In the evaluation of the experts, the game was appropriate, as it allowed access to information on psychoactive drugs in a ludic and playful manner.

[Quality of life in patients with spinal cord injury]. / Qualidade de vida em pacientes com lesão medular.

It was aimed to measure the quality of life of adults with spinal cord injury and identify domains that affect the quality of life of these individuals. Epidemiological study, conducted in 2007-2008 in Health Basic Units of Campina Grande/PB. There were 47 participants. It was used a questionnaire composed by: sociodemographic variables, etiology of injury; validated instrument to measure quality of life containing four domains: Physical Health, Environmental, Social Relationships and Psychological with their respective facets. The data collected were processed using descriptive and statistical analysis. The domains with lowest scores were: Environmental (55.20 points), Physical health (58.59 points). The facets that compromise the domains: mobility (55.3%), work capacity (55.3%), Financial resources (80.9%), Opportunities for acquiring new information and skills (51%), Participation in and opportunities for recreation/leisure activities (68.1%) and Sexual activity (34%). Results express the dissatisfaction of participants with quality of life. Nurses should contribute to rehabilitation and social reinsertion of those people, respecting their limitations, emphasizing the remaining potential and capacity for self-care.

[Development of assistive technology for the visually impaired: use of the male condom]. / Desenvolvimento de tecnologia assistiva para o deficiente visual: utilização do preservativo masculino.

The objectives were to develop and evaluate an assistive technology for the use of the male condom by visually impaired men. It was a technology development study with the participation of seven subjects. Three workshops were performed between April and May of 2010; they were all filmed and the statements of the participants were transcribed and analyzed by content. Three categories were established: Sexuality of the visually impaired; Utilization of the text, For avoiding STDs, condoms we will use, divided in two subcategories, Concept discussion and Text evaluation; and Construction of a simple penile prosthesis. The knowledge transmitted related to STD, the utilization of the condom on the penile prosthesis made by the subjects themselves, and the interaction during the workshops were effective factors for the study. In the context of sexual health, the necessity of developing works involving the visually impaired was noted, addressing sexually transmitted diseases and focusing on the use of the condom by this population.

[International academic mobility program in nursing experience report]. / Programa de mobilidade acadêmica internacional em enfermagem: relato de experiência.

An experience of studying abroad or of academic exchange, really adds value to the professional and personal development of exchange students. This report aims to describe a student's experience in an international academic mobility program. It was developed from 2008 to 2009 in Brazil and Spain. The experiences, observations and activities of the student were emphasized believing that the training of students and researchers is not only restricted to the university and the students' home country, and that it is important to have possibilities of new experiences and differentiated knowledge. The conclusion is that this opportunity promoted a profound effect on psychological, cultural social and scientific development of the exchange student.

[The nurses' perceptions regarding health promotion in the Intensive Care Unit]. / Percepção do enfermeiro sobre promoção da saúde na Unidade de Terapia Intensiva.

The objective of this study was to report the nurses' perceptions regarding health promotion, describe health promotion activities, and identify difficulties in performing health promotion activities in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU). This descriptive, exploratory study was performed with 31 nurses from two adult ICUs and one neonatal ICU of a reference hospital in Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil, between July and August 2009, using a questionnaire. Data were analyzed and categorized using Bardin's content analysis. The following categories and subcategories emerged: the concept of health promotion: biomedical and holistic view of health promotion; health promotion activities; communication and emotional support for patients/family; health promotion in the ICU; health promotion focusing on health education; and the difficulties in developing health promotion activities.

Non-verbal mother-child communication in conditions of maternal HIV in an experimental environment.

Non-verbal communication is predominant in the mother-child relation. This study aimed to analyze non-verbal mother-child communication in conditions of maternal HIV. In an experimental environment, five HIV-positive mothers were evaluated during care delivery to their babies of up to six months old. Recordings of the care were analyzed by experts, observing aspects of non-verbal communication, such as: paralanguage, kinesics, distance, visual contact, tone of voice, maternal and infant tactile behavior. In total, 344 scenes were obtained. After statistical analysis, these permitted inferring that mothers use non-verbal communication to demonstrate their close attachment to their children and to perceive possible abnormalities. It is suggested that the mothers infection can be a determining factor for the formation of mothers strong attachment to their children after birth.

[The experience of sexuality by visually impaired adolescents]. / A vivência da sexualidade por adolescentes portadoras de deficiência visual.

The combination between transformations in adolescence, the indefiniteness they are accompanied by and the visual impairment justifies a study about the sexual experience of female, visually impaired adolescents included in society and in the school community. Five adolescents were interviewed at a Pedagogical Support Center. Questions attempted to find out their knowledge and understanding about the cause of their visual impairment, family composition and orientations, affective-sexual experience, level of knowledge about sexuality-related issues, including contraceptive methods and sexually transmitted diseases. Results revealed that these adolescents display the same sexuality development characteristics of their age group, though they have particular characteristics. It was observed there is a lack of knowledge regarding contraceptive methods and sexually transmitted diseases, of which the adolescents have superficial information. Making knowledge on the referred issues accessible to this population is indispensible.

Research in nursing and modification of the knowledge tree in CNPq: contribution to science.

OBJECTIVE: to identify funding demands in the light of CNPq's knowledge subareas, as well as data on researchers and research groups, their distribution in the regions and their approximation with health research priorities of the Ministry of Health and the new knowledge tree framework of the area. METHOD: a descriptive study developed with data from 2009 to 2014 about researchers, funding and research areas provided by the Diretoria de Ciências Agrárias Biológicas e Saúde (Department of Agriculture, Biology and Health Sciences). RESULTS: there is a concentration of researchers and research groups in the Southeast region. The research priorities in the health field most frequently addressed were: Noncommunicable Diseases, Child and Adolescent Health, Women's Health and Communicable diseases. The grants could be classified in the current framework of knowledge areas. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: this analysis enabled visualizing subarea demands and relevance of changing the nomenclature of the classification of knowledge framework in order to represent the scientific production generated in the nursing area.

Verbal communication of the parturient nurse's dyad in the active phase of labor.

OBJECTIVES: to analyze verbal communication between the nurse and the parturient during the active phase of labor in two Lusophone countries. METHODS: quantitative analytical study. Sample of 709 interactions between nurses and parturients using verbal communication during the active phase of labor in Brazil and Cape Verde. The following variables were analyzed: companion, conative vocative, conative imperative, emotive/expressive and referential/context functions, contact/channel and code. RESULTS: the absence of interaction predominated in most of the variables analyzed during the active phase of labor in both countries. In Cape Verde all interactions occurred during the absence of the companion. CONCLUSIONS: considering the social and cultural aspects of each country, nurses need to develop skills to communicate verbally with the parturient, offering a better interaction during the parturition process.

Blind parents: their experience in care for their children.

This study reflects on the difficulties and strategies of blind parents to take care of their children. The situations were related to breastfeeding, bathing, feeding, domestic accidents and administering medication. They use touch, hearing, smelling and the support network, contributing to their autonomy.

Evaluation of scientific periodicals and the Brazilian production of nursing articles.

This study aimed to identify nursing journals edited in Brazil indexed in the main bibliographic databases in the areas of health and nursing. It also aimed to classify the production of nursing graduate programs in 2007 according to the QUALIS/CAPES criteria used to classify scientific periodicals that disseminate the intellectual production of graduate programs in Brazil. This exploratory study used data from reports and documents available from CAPES to map scientific production and from searching the main international and national indexing databases. The findings from this research can help students, professors and coordinators of graduate programs in several ways: to understand the criteria of classifying periodicals; to be aware of the current production of graduate programs in the area of nursing; and to provide information that authors can use to select periodicals in which to publish their articles.

[Social inclusion of disabled people: achievements, challenges and implications for the nursing area]. / Inclusão social da pessoa com deficiência: conquistas, desafios e implicações para a enfermagem.

This study aimed to understand the testimonies of disabled people about the concreteness of the social inclusion process, as well as to articulate their testimonies with the directives of Law 3289/99. Eighteen people were interviewed, six of which were physically disabled, six visually disabled, and six had hearing disabilities. Data were standardized and categorized in two meaning cores: pre-inclusivist and inclusivist guidelines of the disabled person. The methodological perspective was discourse analysis. In conclusion, these subjects had achievements in legislation that guarantees their rights to citizenship, but there are challenges in the areas of healthcare, education, professional training and insertion in the job market. The rehabilitation nurses must know the experiences of these subjects and their relatives to help them with strategies of coping for the problems affecting their inclusion, and consequently their health.

[Validation of a regionalized optometric scale for preschool children: nursing contribution]. / Validação de escala optométrica regionalizada para pré-escolares: contribuição da enfermagem.

A regionalized figure scale (RAD) was developed. The objective was to validate the scale, evaluate the correlation between the visual acuity coefficients, verify the association between the tests, and verify the agreement between the measures. This is a triple-blind, experimental, random technology validation study performed on 246 students. Sensitivity was 88.6 RAD1 and 85.7 RAD2 for the right eye (RE), and 78.6 and 92.9 for the left eye (LE), whereas RE specificity was 95.3 RAD1 and 98.1 RAD2, and, 97.7 and 98.6 for the LE, respectively. As for the positive predictive value, RAD1 was 75.6 RE and 81.5 LE, and RAD2 88.2 RE and 89.7 LE. The negative predictive value in RAD1 was 98.0 RE and 97.3 LE, and in RAD2 97.6 RE and 99.1 LE. For the correlation and association in the RE and LE, p=0.0001. Cronbach's Alpha was 0.929. A statistically significant relation was found between the standard criterion and the scale.