Antifragile and Resilient Geographical Information System Service Delivery in Fog Computing.

The demand for cloud computing has drastically increased recently, but this paradigm has several issues due to its inherent complications, such as non-reliability, latency, lesser mobility support, and location-aware services. Fog computing can resolve these issues to some extent, yet it is still in its infancy. Despite several existing works, these works lack fault-tolerant fog computing, which necessitates further research. Fault tolerance enables the performing and provisioning of services despite failures and maintains anti-fragility and resiliency. Fog computing is highly diverse in terms of failures as compared to cloud computing and requires wide research and investigation. From this perspective, this study primarily focuses on the provision of uninterrupted services through fog computing. A framework has been designed to provide uninterrupted services while maintaining resiliency. The geographical information system (GIS) services have been deployed as a test bed which requires high computation, requires intensive resources in terms of CPU and memory, and requires low latency. Keeping different types of failures at different levels and their impacts on service failure and greater response time in mind, the framework was made anti-fragile and resilient at different levels. Experimental results indicate that during service interruption, the user state remains unaffected.

Possible role of nutrition in the prevention of inflammatory bowel disease-related colorectal cancer: A focus on human studies.

Patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are at substantially high risk for colorectal cancer (CRC). IBD-associated CRC accounts for roughly 10% to 15% of the annual mortality in patients with IBD. IBD-related CRC also affects younger patients compared with sporadic CRC, with a 5-y survival rate of 50%. Regardless of medical therapies, the persistent inflammatory state characterizing IBD raises the risk for precancerous changes and CRC, with additional input from several elements, including genetic and environmental risk factors, IBD-associated comorbidities, intestinal barrier dysfunction, and gut microbiota modifications. It is well known that nutritional habits and dietary bioactive compounds can influence IBD-associated inflammation, microbiome abundance and composition, oxidative stress balance, and gut permeability. Additionally, in recent years, results from broad epidemiologic and experimental studies have associated certain foods or nutritional patterns with the risk for colorectal neoplasia. The present study aimed to review the possible role of nutrition in preventing IBD-related CRC, focusing specifically on human studies. It emerges that nutritional interventions based on healthy, nutrient-dense dietary patterns characterized by a high intake of fiber, vegetables, fruit, ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, and a low amount of animal proteins, processed foods, and alcohol, combined with probiotic supplementation have the potential of reducing IBD-activity and preventing the risk of IBD-related CRC through different mechanisms, suggesting that targeted nutritional interventions may represent a novel promising approach for the prevention and management of IBD-associated CRC.

Multipath Routing in Wireless Body Area Sensor Network for Healthcare Monitoring.

Mobility and low energy consumption are considered the main requirements for wireless body area sensor networks (WBASN) used in healthcare monitoring systems (HMS). In HMS, battery-powered sensor nodes with limited energy are used to obtain vital statistics about the body. Hence, energy-efficient schemes are desired to maintain long-term and steady connectivity of the sensor nodes. A sheer amount of energy is consumed in activities such as idle listening, excessive transmission and reception of control messages, packet collisions and retransmission of packets, and poor path selection, that may lead to more energy consumption. A combination of adaptive scheduling with an energy-efficient protocol can help select an appropriate path at a suitable time to minimize the control overhead, energy consumption, packet collision, and excessive idle listening. This paper proposes a region-based energy-efficient multipath routing (REMR) approach that divides the entire sensor network into clusters with preferably multiple candidates to represent each cluster. The cluster representatives (CRs) route packets through various clusters. For routing, the energy requirement of each route is considered, and the path with minimum energy requirements is selected. Similarly, end-to-end delay, higher throughput, and packet-delivery ratio are considered for packet routing.

Biorremediación de suelos contaminados con hidrocarburos a base de bacterias utilizadas como bioproductos / Bioremediation of soils contaminated with hydrocarbons based on bacteria used as bioproducts / Biorremediação de solos contaminados com hidrocarbonetos a base de bactérias

Resumen Introducción. La explotación de petróleo y sus derivados en Ecuador, mantiene un historial negativo en relación con la destrucción de hábitats junto con la formación de pasivos ambientales o piscinas de crudo que han contaminado los suelos y agua de la región. La búsqueda de nuevos tratamientos de biorremediación se ha incrementado en los últimos años por la necesidad de realizar trabajos de limpieza más rápidos y de bajo costo, utilizando de forma estratégica microorganismos, plantas o biocompuestos para disminuir la contaminación por hidrocarburos de petróleo, metales pesados y otros compuestos. Objetivo. Determinar la capacidad para biodegradar hidrocarburos a base de bacterias nativas aisladas de suelos contaminados con petróleo. Materiales y métodos. Bajo un enfoque cuantitativo, en la modalidad experimental de tipo exploratoria, se utilizaron 81 bacterias aisladas a partir de suelos contaminados con petróleo. Los parámetros medidos fueron el diámetro de crecimiento de la colonia bacteriana y la formación del halo de degradación. Resultados. Las bacterias estudiadas presentaron diversidad fenotípica y metabólica, siendo AX15, AX67 y AX87 las que crecieron de mejor manera, en los medios de cultivo preparados con extractos de suelos con diferentes concentraciones de hidrocarburos. Conclusiones. Este estudio demuestra la factibilidad de usar un bioproducto basado en bacterias para la implementación de programas de biorremediación in situ o ex situ en la recuperación de suelos contaminados con hidrocarburos.

Abstract Introduction. The exploitation of oil and its derivatives in Ecuador, maintains a negative record in relation to the destruction of habitats along with the formation of environmental liabilities or pools of crude oil that have contaminated the soil and water of the region. The search for new bioremediation treatments has increased in recent years due to the need to perform more rapid and low-cost cleaning works, strategically using microorganisms, plants or biocomposites to reduce the contamination by oil, heavy metals and petroleum and other compounds. Objective. To determine the capacity to biodegrade hydrocarbons based on native bacteria isolated from soils contaminated with oil. Materials and methods. Under a quantitative approach, in the experimental modality of exploratory type, 81 isolated bacteria were used from soils contaminated with petroleum. The parameters measured were the growth diameter of the bacterial colony and the formation of the degradation halo. Results. The bacteria studied had phenotypic and metabolic diversity, being AX15, AX67 and AX87 those that grew better, in culture media prepared with soil extracts with different concentrations of hydrocarbons. Conclusions. This study demonstrates the feasibility of using a bioproduct based on bacteria for the implementation of in situ or ex situ bioremediation programs in the recovery of soils contaminated with hydrocarbons.

Resumo Introdução. A exploração de petróleo e seus derivados no Equador mantém um histórico negativo em relação à destruição do habitat, juntamente com a formação de passivos ou poças de óleo que contaminaram o solo e a água na região ambiental. A busca por novos tratamentos de biorremediação tem aumentado nos últimos anos pela necessidade de realizar um trabalho mais rápido de limpeza e barata, usando estrategicamente microrganismos, plantas ou biocompósitos para reduzir a poluição por hidrocarbonetos de petróleo, metais pesados e outros compostos. Objetivo. Determinar a capacidade de biodegradar hidrocarbonetos com base em bactérias nativas isoladas de solos contaminados com óleo. Materiais e métodos. Sob abordagem quantitativa, na modalidade experimental do tipo exploratório, foram utilizadas 81 bactérias isoladas de solos contaminados com petróleo. Os parâmetros medidos foram o diâmetro de crescimento da colônia bacteriana e a formação do halo de degradação. Resultados. As bactérias estudadas apresentaram diversidade fenotípica e metabólica, sendo as AX15, AX67 e AX87 aquelas que cresceram melhor, em meios de cultura preparados com extratos de solo com diferentes concentrações de hidrocarbonetos. Conclusões. Este estudo demonstra a viabilidade da utilização de um bioproduto à base de bactérias para a implementação de programas de biorremediação in situ ou ex situ na recuperação de solos contaminados com hidrocarbonetos.