[Experience in treating osseous sarcomas at the Research Institute of Pediatric Oncology, Cancer Research Center]. / Opyt lecheniia kostnykh sarkom v NII Detskoi Onkologii ONTs.

The paper presents clinical findings of 210 children with localized osteogenic sarcoma who have undergone various treatments. The authors consider neoadjuvant chemotherapy the method of choice, but by replacing tubular bone defects, endoprosthesis should be regarded the method of choice, which substantially reduces the time of rehabilitation and yields good (32.4%) and satisfactory (47.0%) functional results in most patients. In children with osteogenic sarcomas, the outcomes of treatment depend on its scope: 5-year survival was achieved in 68% of cases following multimodality treatment and in 36.2 and 14.0% after combined treatment and monotherapy alone, respectively. The retrospective analysis of treatment for morphologically verified Jung's sarcoma shows it expedient to implement a comprehensive program, including cyclic polychemotherapy, radiation of a damage focus in a dose of 57 Gy, obligatory surgical intervention into the operable sites, by assessing therapeutical pathomorphism and subsequent adjuvant polychemotherapy for at least 12-18 months.

[Experience in treating Nephroblastomas]. / Nash opyt lecheniia nefroblastom.

The treatment of nephroblastomas which accounts for 72% of all malignant neoplasms in children is one of the topical problems of pediatric oncology. To detect the tumor at early stages of a tumorous process is one of the main conditions of successful treatment for nephroblastomas. The histological types of nephroblastoma, its international classifications and present-day treatment policy are given. A role of radiation treatment is shown at pre- and postoperative therapeutical stages. Drugs, their combinations, and the efficiency of polychemotherapy regimens in use are outlined. The importance of comprehensive examination of the patient to determine the extent of malignancy and to choose adequate antitumor treatment regimens is emphasized.

[Metastatic lung tumors in children (clinical course, diagnosis, prognosis)]. / Metastaticheskie opukholi lëgkikh u detei (klinika, diagnostika, prognoz).

According to data available at the Institute (1985-1999, approx. 1,200 patients), the lung is the most frequent site of cancer dissemination (up to 75%). Such most frequent pediatric children tumors as Wilms' tumor, neuroblastoma, rhabdosarcoma, osteogenic sarcoma and that of Ewing disseminate to lung in 85%, particularly, at advanced stages.