Innovative systems for cultural heritage conservation. Millimeter wave application for non-invasive monitoring and treatment of works of art.

A novel non invasive technique and a suitable apparatus for disinfestation of artworks is introduced. Non destructive and non invasive techniques are often irreplaceable in order to preserve and restore cultural heritage objects in its structure and shape. Although many techniques are available for art and archaeological works the non invasive methods are preferred as they leave the object untouched after treatment. Environmental parameters, such as humidity, can damage culture heritage objects and also results in spring up variety of pests and other micro-organisms. Non-invasive monitoring of these damage and also disinfestation treatments and drying with help of electromagnetic waves are preferred as they keep the object untouched after treatment. Application of millimeter waves for solving this problem is discussed here. Millimeter waves have high spatial resolution and absorption in water as well as in bio-objects that are usually moist and at the same time minimal interaction with dry culture heritage objects by itself. Different phases of the microwaves treatment (MW) of artworks are described, some results are shown and discussed. Many biological forms don't survive over a certain temperature, called lethal temperature which, for most xylophages is about 53-55 degrees C, while for moulds and funguses is between 65 and 70 degrees C. In order to evaluate the management of disinfestation of works of art, incident power, temperature, exposure time were monitored. The monitoring of temperature is essential in order to prevent damages. A computer simulation allows to predict and monitor the heating process.

A realistic model for the analysis of heart magnetic stimulation.

The aim of the paper is the development of an accurate numerical model to compute the current density flowing through the heart of a virtual human body, and induced by an external electric or magnetic excitation. The model has been experimentally validated and then applied to investigate the main characteristics of the heart magnetic stimulation. This has been carried out by comparing the current density induced in the cardiac region by an external magnetic pulse with the corresponding quantity due to the more traditional electric source. Magnetic stimulation is studied because it offers some advantages: in fact, compared with the electrical stimulation, this technique is contactless and might allow the stimulation of a dressed patient. The design constraint of the whole system is represented by the current density, whose waveform and intensity are a compromise between the strength of the magnetic induction field and the pulse rise time.