Chemopreventive aspects, investigational anticancer applications and current perspectives on allyl isothiocyanate (AITC): a review.

Allyl isothiocyanates (AITC) have gained recognition in recent years as effective chemotherapeutic and epigenetic modulators. The chemopreventive properties and toxicological perspectives of AITCs from the last few decades were taken into account by a number of investigations. Their active therapeutic relevance was hindered by a number of factors, including instability under typical physiological conditions and low bioavailability due to low aqueous solubility. In this review, we highlighted the chemopreventive attributes of AITC in relation to its molecular mechanisms and metabolic fate for cancer. Moreover, we emphasized on investigational anticancer activities and various strategies for delivery of AITC in different types of cancer. Considering cellular interactions, we shed light on the toxicological properties of AITCs to address further issues regarding their assessment in therapeutic development. This review identifies knowledge gaps with various contemporary approaches involving most recent studies and may pave the way for a better understanding for the development of novel AITC therapeutics.

Preparation, characterization, and in vitro cytotoxicity activity of allyl-isothiocyanate-embedded polymeric nanoparticles for potential breast cancer targeting.

BACKGROUND: Allyl isothiocyanate (AITC) is an excellent active phytoconstituent recently revealed for cancer treatment. The strategic prominence of this study was to synthesize and characterize AITC-embedded tripolyphosphate-modified chitosan nanoparticles (AITC@CS-TPP-NPs) by ionic gelation. METHOD: Chitosan is recycled as a polymer to fabricate AITC@CS-TPP-NPs; the fabricated nanoparticles (NPs) are then characterized using FT-IR spectroscopy, DSC, XRD, zeta potential, size analysis, SEM, EDX, entrapment efficiency, in vitro drug release study, and in vitro cytotoxicity activity against MCF-7 to explore the effectiveness and strength. RESULTS: As a result, developed AITC@CS-TPP-NPs demonstrates good stability with a zeta potential of 35.83 mV and 90.14% of drug release. The anticancer potential of AITC@CS-TPP-NPs shows the improved cytotoxicity activity of AITC due to the surface modification of CS using TPP. Hence, the cytotoxicity of AITC@CS-TPP-NPs was tested in vitro against a human breast cancer cell line (MCF-7) and found to be considerable. CONCLUSION: The AITC@CS-TPP-NPs were effectively synthesized and have significant benefits, including being easy to prepare, stable, and affordable with wide use in human breast cancer against cell line (MCF-7).