High Nuclearity Assemblies and One-Dimensional (1D) Coordination Polymers Based on Lanthanide-Copper 15-Metallacrown-5 Complexes (LnIII = Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu).

Complexes {[LnCu5(GlyHA)5(m-bdc)(H2O)4-x]2[LnCu5(GlyHA)5(SO4)(m-bdc)(H2O)4]2}·(30 + 2x)H2O (where GlyHA2- = glycinehydroxamate, m-bdc2- = m-phthalate; Ln = Pr and x = 0.21 for compound 1, or Ln = Sm and x = 0.24 for 3) and one-dimensional (1D) coordination polymers {[NdCu5(GlyHA)5(H2O)5(m-bdc)]nn[NdCu5(GlyHA)5(H2O)4(µ-CO3)(m-bdc)]}·13nH2O (2) and {[EuCu5(GlyHA)5(H2O)3](m-bdc)2[EuCu5(GlyHA)5(m-bdc)(H2O)3]}n·17nH2O (4) were obtained starting from the 15-metallacrown-5 complexes {[LnCu5(GlyHA)5(SO4)(H2O)6.5]}2(SO4)·6H2O (Ln = Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu) by the partial or complete metathesis of sulfate anions with m-phthalate. Compounds 1 and 3 contain unprecedented quadruple-decker neutral metallacrown assemblies, where the [LnCu5(GlyHA)5]3+ cations are linked by m-phthalate dianions. In contrast, in complexes 2 and 4, these components assemble into 1D chains of coordination polymers, the adjacent {[NdCu5(GlyHA)5(H2O)5(m-bdc)]+}n 1D chains in 2 being separated by discrete [NdCu5(GlyHA)5(H2O)4(µ-CO3)(m-bdc)]}- complex anions. The crystal lattices of 2 and 4 contain voids filled by solvent molecules. Desolvated 4 is able to absorb up to 0.12 cm3/g of methanol vapor or 0.04 cm3/g of ethanol at 293 K. The isotherm for methanol absorption by compound 4 is consistent with a possible "gate opening" mechanism upon interaction with this substrate. The χMT vs T data for complexes 1-4 and their simpler starting materials {[LnCu5(GlyHA)5(SO4)(H2O)6.5]}2(SO4)·6H2O (Ln(III) = Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu) were fitted using an additive model, which takes into account exchange interactions between lanthanide(III) and copper(II) ions in the metallamacrocycles via a molecular field model. The exchange interactions between adjacent Cu(II) ions in metallacrown fragments were found to fall in the range of -47 < JCu-Cu < -63 cm-1. These complexes are the first examples of a Ln(III)-Cu(II) 15-metallacrowns-5 (Ln(III) = Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu), for which values of exchange parameters have now been reported.

Formation of coordination polymers or discrete adducts via reactions of gadolinium(III)-copper(II) 15-metallacrown-5 complexes with polycarboxylates: synthesis, structures and magnetic properties.

Reactions of the copper(II)-gadolinium(III) 15-metallacrown-5 complex [GdCu5(Glyha)5(NO3)2(H2O)6](NO3) (Glyha(2-) = dianion of glycinehydroxamic acid) with different di/tricarboxylates (1,3-phthalate, 1,4-phthalate, biphenyl-4,4'-dicarboxylate, citrate) resulted in formation of different types of products: {[(GdCu5(Glyha)5(H2O)2)(GdCu5(Glyha)5(H2O)3)(1,3-bdc)3]·16H2O}n (1), {[(GdCu5(Glyha)5(H2O)3)2(1,4-bdc)2](1,4-bdc)·8H2O}n (2), {[(GdCu5(Glyha)5(H2O)4)2(1,4-bdc)3]·8H2O}n (3), [GdCu5(Glyha)5(Citr)(H2O)4]·7H2O (4), {[GdCu5(Glyha)5(H2O)5](µ2-CO3)[Cu(Fgg)]}·7H2O (5) and [Cu(Gly)2(H2O)]n (6) (where bdc(2-) is the corresponding phthalate (benzenedicarboxylate), Citr(3-) is citrate, Fgg(3-) is the trianion of [(N-formylaminoacetyl)amino]acetic acid and Gly(-) is glycinate). Complexes 1-5 contain the [GdCu5(Glyha)5](3+) cation. Complexes 2 and 3 possess the same composition but differ by the mode of p-phthalate coordination to the [GdCu5(Glyha)5](3+) unit. In compounds 1-3, metallacrown cations are linked by the corresponding phthalates in 1D, 1D and 2D polymers, respectively, whereas 4 and 5 are discrete molecules. Compound 5 is the product of a multistep reaction, which finally involves atmospheric CO2 capture. Hydrolysis of hydroxamate in this reaction is confirmed by isolation of a mononuclear copper glycine complex 6. The χMT vs T data for 1 were fitted using a model based on the Hamiltonian H (GdCu5) = -2J1(S1 × SGd + S2 × SGd + S3 × SGd + S4 × SGd + S5 × SGd) - 2J2(S1 × S2 + S2 × S3 + S3 × S4 + S4 × S1 + S5 × S1. The best fit corresponded to J1 = +0.60(2) cm(-1), J2 = -61.0(5) cm(-1) and zJ' = -0.035(4) cm(-1). Complex 1 is the first example of a 15-metallacrown-5 system, for which numerical values of exchange parameters have been reported. The isotherm for methanol absorption by compound 1 at 293 K was typical for microporous sorbents, whereas ethanol sorption was negligibly small.

The crystal structure of a mononuclear PrIII complex with cucurbit[6]uril.

A new mononuclear complex, penta-aqua-(cucurbit[6]uril-κ2 O,O')(nitrato-κ2 O,O')praseodymium(III) dinitrate 9.56-hydrate, [Pr(NO3)(CB6)(H2O)5](NO3)2·9.56H2O (1), was obtained as outcome of the hydro-thermal reaction between the macrocyclic ligand cucurbit[6]uril (CB6, C36H36N24O12) with a tenfold excess of Pr(NO3)3·6H2O. Complex 1 crystallizes in the P21/n space group with two crystallographically independent but chemically identical [Pr(CB6)(NO3)(H2O)5]2+ complex cations, four nitrate counter-anions and 19.12 inter-stitial water mol-ecules per asymmetric unit. The nona-coordinated PrIII in 1 are located in the PrO9 coordination environment formed by two carbonyl O atoms from bidentate cucurbit[6]uril units, two oxygen atoms from the bidentate nitrate anion and five water mol-ecules. Considering the differences in Pr-O bond distances and O-Pr-O angles in the coordination spheres, the coordination polyhedrons of the two PrIII atoms can be described as distorted spherical capped square anti-prismatic and muffin polyhedral.

Bis-{(E)-3-[2-(hy-droxy-imino)-propan-amido]-2,2-dimethyl-propan-1-aminium} bis[µ-(E)-N-(3-amino-2,2-dimethyl-prop-yl)-2-(hy-droxy-imino)-propanamido-(2-)]bis-{[(E)-N-(3-amino-2,2-dimethyl-prop-yl)-2-(hy-droxy-imino)-propanamide]-copper(II)} bis-((E)-{3-[2-(hy-droxy-imino)-propanamido]-2,2-dimethyl-prop-yl}carbamate) acetonitrile disolvate.

The reaction between copper(II) nitrate and (E)-N-(3-amino-2,2-dimethyl-prop-yl)-2-(hy-droxy-imino)-propanamide led to the formation of the dinuclear centrosymmetric copper(II) title complex, (C8H18N3O2)2[Cu2(C8H15N3O2)2(C8H17N3O2)2](C9H16N3O4)2·2CH3CN, in which an inversion center is located at the midpoint of the Cu2 unit in the center of the neutral [Cu2(C8H15N3O2)2(C8H17N3O2)2] complex fragment. The Cu(2+) ions are connected by two N-O bridging groups [Cu⋯Cu separation = 4.0608 (5) Å] while the Cu(II) ions are five-coordinated in a square-pyramidal N4O coordination environment. The complex mol-ecule co-crystallizes with two mol-ecules of acetonitrile, two mol-ecules of the protonated ligand (E)-3-[2-(hy-droxy-imino)-propanamido]-2,2-dimethyl-propan-1-aminium and two negatively charged (E)-{3-[2-(hy-droxy-imino)-propanamido]-2,2-dimethyl-prop-yl}carbamate anions, which were probably formed as a result of condensation between (E)-N-(3-amino-2,2-dimethyl-prop-yl)-2-(hy-droxy-imino)-propanamide and hydro-gencarbonate anions. In the crystal, the complex fragment [Cu2(C8H15N3O2)2(C8H17N3O2)2] and the ion pair C8H18N3O2(+.)C9H16N3O4(-) are connected via an extended system of hydrogen bonds.

Tetra-butyl-ammonium 2-[2,5-dimethyl-3-(4-nitro-phen-yl)-2,3-dihydro-1,2,4-oxadiazo-lium-4-yl]nona-hydro-closo-deca-borate.

The title ionic compound, C16H36N(+)·C10H20B10N3O3(-), consists of a tetra-butyl-ammonium cation and a closo-deca-borate cluster anion, which is bound to the substituted 2,3-dihydro-1,2,4-oxadiazole ring through a B-N bond [1.540 (2) Å]. The distances between connected B atoms in the deca-borate cluster range from 1.689 (2) to 1.844 (2) Å. The 2,3-dihydro-1,2,4-oxadiazole ring adopts an envelope conformation with the N atom as the flap atom.

Structural trends in a series of isostructural lanthanide-copper metallacrown sulfates (Ln(III) = Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Dy and Ho): hexaaquapentakis[µ3-glycinehydroxamato(2-)]sulfatopentacopper(II)lanthanide(III) heptaaquapentakis[µ3-glycinehydroxamato(2-)]sulfatopentacopper(II)lanthanide(III) sulfate hexahydrate.

The seven isostructural complexes, [Cu(5)Ln(C(2)H(4)N(2)O(2))(5)(SO(4))(H(2)O)(6.5)](2)(SO(4))·6H(2)O, where Ln(III) = Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Dy and Ho, are representatives of the 15-metallacrown-5 family. Each dianion of glycinehydroxamic acid (GlyHA) links two Cu(II) cations forming a cyclic [CuGlyHA](5) frame. The Ln(III) cations are located at the centre of the [CuGlyHA](5) rings and are bound by the five hydroxamate O atoms in the equatorial plane. Five water molecules are coordinated to Cu(II) cations, and one further water molecule, located close to an inversion centre between two adjacent [Cu(5)Ln(GlyHA)(5)](2+) cations, is disordered around this inversion centre and coordinated to a Cu(II) cation of either the first or second metallacrown ether. Another water molecule and one of the two crystallographically independent sulfate anions are coordinated, the latter in a bidentate fashion, to the Ln(III) cation in the axial positions. The second sulfate anion is not coordinated to the cation, but is located in an interstitial position on a crystallographic inversion centre, thus leading to disorder of the O atoms around the centre of inversion. The Ln-O bond distances follow the trend of the lanthanide contraction. The apical Ln-O bond distances are very close to the sums of the ionic radii. However, the Ln-O distances within the metallacrown units are slightly compressed and the Ln(III) cations protrude significantly from the plane of the otherwise flat metallacrown ligand, thus indicating that the cavity is somewhat too small to accommodate the Ln(III) ions comfortably. This effect decreases with the size of the lanthanide cation from complex (I) (Ln(III) = Pr; 0.459) to complex (VII) (Ln(III) = Ho; 0.422), which indicates that the smaller lanthanide cations fit the cavity of the pentacopper metallacrown ring better than the larger ones. The diminished contraction of Ln-O distances within the metallacrown planes leads to an aniostropic contraction of the unit-cell parameters, with a, c and V following the trend of the lanthanide contraction. The b axes, which are mostly aligned with the rigid planes of the metallacrown units, show only a little variation between the seven compounds.

Crystal structure of a TbIII-CuII glycine-hydroxamate 15-metallacrown-5 sulfate complex.

The core of the title complex, bis-[hexa-aqua-hemi-aqua-penta-kis-(µ3-glycine-hydroxamato)sulfato-penta-copper(II)terbium(III)] sulfate hexa-hydrate, [TbCu5(SO4)(GlyHA)5(H2O)6.5]2(SO4)·6H2O (1), which belongs to the 15-metalla-crown-5 family, consists of five glycine-hydroxamate dianions (GlyHA2-; C2H4N2O2) and five copper(II) ions linked together forming a metallamacrocyclic moiety. The terbium(III) ion is connected to the centre of the metallamacrocycle through five hydroxamate oxygen atoms. The coordination environment of the Tb3+ ion is completed to an octa-coordination level by oxygen atoms of a bidentate sulfate and an apically coordinated water mol-ecule, while the copper(II) atoms are square-planar, penta- or hexa-coordinate due to the apical coordination of water mol-ecules. Continuous shape calculations indicate that the coordination polyhedron of the Tb3+ ion in 1 is best described as square anti-prismatic. The positive charge of each pair of [TbCu5(GlyHA)5(H2O)6.5(SO4)]2 2+ fragments is compensated by a non-coordinated sulfate anion, which is located on an inversion center with 1:1 disordered oxygen atoms. Complex 1 is isomorphous with the previously reported compounds [LnCu5(GlyHA)5(SO4)(H2O)6.5]2(SO4), where Ln III = Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Dy and Ho.

Crystal structure of poly[(µ3-4-amino-1,2,5-oxa-diazole-3-hydroxamato)thallium(I)].

The title compound represents the thallium(I) salt of a substituted 1,2,5-oxa-diazole, [Tl(C3H3N4O3)] n , with amino- and hydroxamate groups in the 4- and 3- positions of the oxa-diazole ring, respectively. In the crystal, the deprotonated hydroxamate group represents an inter-mediate between the keto/enol tautomers and forms a five-membered chelate ring with the thallium(I) cation. The coordination sphere of the cation is augmented to a distorted disphenoid by two monodentately binding O atoms from two adjacent anions, leading to the formation of zigzag chains extending parallel to the b axis. The cohesion within the chains is supported by π-π stacking [centroid-centroid distance = 3.746 (3) Å] and inter-molecular N-H⋯N hydrogen bonds.

CoII Complexes with a Tripyridine Ligand, Containing a 2,6-Di-tert-butylphenolic Fragment: Synthesis, Structure, and Formation of Stable Radicals.

Interaction of a tripyridine ligand bearing a 2,6-di-tert-butylphenolic fragment (L, 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-(3,5-bis(4-pyridyl)pyridyl)phenol) with CoII pivalate or chloride led to the formation of one-dimensional coordination polymers [Co(L)Cl2] n ·nEtOH (1) and [Co3(L)2(OH)(Piv)5] n (2) or a trinuclear complex Co3(H2O)4(L)2Cl6 (3) (Piv- = pivalate). Chemical oxidation of L and 1-3 by PbO2 or K3[Fe(CN)6], as well as exposure of L (in solution or solid state) and 2 (in solid state) to UV irradiation, led to the formation of free radicals with g = 2.0024, which probably originated because of oxidation of 2,6-di-tert-butylphenolic groups. These radicals were stable for several days in solutions and more than 1 month in solid samples. Irradiation and oxidation of the solid samples probably caused formation of the phenoxyl radical only on their surface. It was shown by density functional theory calculations that exchange coupling between the unpaired electron of the phenoxyl radical and CoII ions was negligibly weak and could not affect the electron paramagnetic resonance signal of the radical, as well as exchange coupling of CoII ions could not be transmitted by L. The latter conclusion was confirmed by the analysis of magnetic properties of 1: temperature dependency of magnetic susceptibility (χM) of 1 could be simulated by a simple model for isolated CoII ions.

Crystal structure of µ-oxalodi-hydroxamato-bis-[(2,2'-bipyrid-yl)(di-methyl sulfoxide-κO)copper(II)] bis-(perchlorate).

The centrosymmetric binuclear complex, [Cu2(C2H2N2O4)(C10H8N2)2(C2H6OS)2](ClO4)2, contains two copper(II) ions, connected through an N-deprotonated oxalodi-hydroxamic acid dianion, two terminal 2,2'-bi-pyridine ligands, and two apically coordinating dimethylsulfoxide mol-ecules. Two non-coordinating perchlorate anions assure electrical neutrality. The copper(II) ions in the complex dication [Cu2(C10H8N2)2(µ-C2H2N2O4)(C2H6SO)2](2+) are in an O2N3 square-pyramidal donor environment, the Cu-Cu separation being 5.2949 (4) Å. Two hydroxamate groups in the deprotonated oxalodi-hydroxamic acid are located trans to one each other. In the crystal, O-H⋯O and C-H⋯O hydrogen bonds link the complex cations to the perchlorate anions. Further C-H⋯O hydrogen bonds combine with π-π contacts with a centroid-to-centroid separation of 3.6371 (12) Što stack the mol-ecules along the a-axis direction.