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Clinically unpredictable retention following fat grafting remains outstanding problems because of the unrevealed mechanism of grafted fat survival. The role of autophagy, a process to maintain cellular homeostasis through recycling cellular debris, has yet been to be reported in fat grafting. This study aims to improve the survival of fat grafting through the autophagy. First, the relationship between cell death and autophagy in the early stage of fat grafting was evaluated through immunostaining, RNA sequencing, and western blot. Next, rapamycin, an autophagic agonist, was used for the culturing of adipose-derived stem cells and adipocytes during ischemia. Cell death, autophagy, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) were assayed. Finally, rapamycin was used to assist fat grafting in nude mice. The results demonstrated that the peak of cell death at the early stage of fat grafting was accompanied by a decrease in autophagy. In vitro, during ischemia, 25 nM was confirmed as the optimal dose of rapamycin that reduces cell death with enhanced autophagy and mitophagy, improved mitochondrial quality as well as decreased ROS accumulation. In vivo, promoted mitophagy, alleviated oxidative stress, and decreased cell apoptosis of rapamycin-treated fat grafts were observed in the early stage. In addition, rapamycin increased the survival of fat grafts with increased neovascularization and reduced fibrosis. We suggested that moderate autophagy induced by rapamycin contribute to enhanced ischemic tolerance and long term survival of fat grafts through mitochondrial quality control.
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Autofagia , Sirolimo , Camundongos , Animais , Espécies Reativas de Oxigênio/metabolismo , Camundongos Nus , Sirolimo/farmacologia , Isquemia , Sobrevivência de Enxerto , Sobrevivência CelularRESUMO
To assess adjuvant treatment patterns on survival in patients with pT3N0M0 esophageal cancer who underwent esophagectomy without neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy. Stage pT3N0M0 esophageal cancer patients were assessed between 2000 and 2020 from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results databases. Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to compare overall survival (OS) among various treatment patterns. We identified 445 patients: 252 (56.6%) received surgery alone, 85 (19.1%) received surgery+chemoradiotherapy, 80 (18.0%) underwent surgery+chemotherapy, and 28 (6.3%) received surgery+ radiotherapy. For squamous cell carcinoma, surgery+chemoradiotherapy ([hazard ratio] HR = 1.04, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.65-1.66; P = 0.873), surgery+chemotherapy (HR = 0.72, 95% CI: 0.42-1.22; P = 0.221), and surgery+radiotherapy (HR = 1.33, 95% CI: 0.74-2.39; P = 0.341) had similar OS compared to surgery alone. For adenocarcinoma, surgery+chemoradiotherapy (HR = 0.51, 95% CI: 0.36-0.74; P < 0.001) and surgery+chemotherapy (HR = 0.61, 95% CI: 0.42-0.87; P = 0.006) had better OS compared to surgery alone. However, surgery+radiotherapy had a comparable OS (HR = 0.81, 95% CI: 0.44-1.49; P = 0.495).Adjuvant treatments did not improve survival in stage pT3N0M0 esophageal squamous cell carcinoma patients. In contrast, adjuvant chemoradiotherapy and chemotherapy were recommended for esophageal adenocarcinoma patients.
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Quimiorradioterapia Adjuvante , Neoplasias Esofágicas , Esofagectomia , Estimativa de Kaplan-Meier , Estadiamento de Neoplasias , Programa de SEER , Humanos , Neoplasias Esofágicas/terapia , Neoplasias Esofágicas/mortalidade , Neoplasias Esofágicas/patologia , Neoplasias Esofágicas/cirurgia , Feminino , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Esofagectomia/métodos , Esofagectomia/estatística & dados numéricos , Idoso , Quimiorradioterapia Adjuvante/estatística & dados numéricos , Quimioterapia Adjuvante/estatística & dados numéricos , Adenocarcinoma/terapia , Adenocarcinoma/mortalidade , Adenocarcinoma/cirurgia , Adenocarcinoma/patologia , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/terapia , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/mortalidade , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/cirurgia , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/patologia , Radioterapia Adjuvante/estatística & dados numéricos , Estudos Retrospectivos , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas do Esôfago/terapia , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas do Esôfago/mortalidade , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas do Esôfago/cirurgia , Taxa de SobrevidaRESUMO
Obesity and diabetes are associated with diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM). However, the pathogenesis of DCM is not fully understood. Cannabinoid receptor gene (CNR1) has been a drug target for the treatment of obesity. Here, we reported that CNR1 expression was increased in high fat diet (HFD)-induced heart of mice. Following, the wild type (CNR1+/+) and CNR1-knockout (CNR1-/-) mice were employed and subjected to HFD treatments for 16 weeks to further investigate the effects of CNR1 on DCM. The results indicated that CNR1 knockout mice after HFD feeding exhibited a significant decrease of body weight and lipid accumulation in serum. Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and insulin tolerance test (ITT) analysis indicated that HFD-induced insulin resistance was attenuated by CNR1 deficiency. HFD-triggered cardiac dysfunction was also improved by CNR1 knockout using echocardiographic analysis. Further, CNR1 suppression increased expressions of genes promoting fatty acid oxidation, and mitochondrial biogenesis. Also, TUNEL staining showed that CNR1 inhibition markedly reduced apoptotic levels in heart tissue sections of HFD-fed mice. Importantly, HFD-induced insulin resistance was prevented by CNR1-knockout through decreasing p-IRS1Ser expressions, and increasing phosphorylated insulin receptor substrate 1 (p-IRS1Tyr), phospho-AMP-activated protein kinase α (AMPKα) and phospho-acetyl-CoA carboxylase α (ACCα) expressions in heart tissue samples. In addition, CNR1 knockout impeded endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress caused by HFD via down-regulating phospho-protein kinase-like ER kinase (PERK), phospho-eukaryotic initiation factor-2α (eIF2α), activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4) and ATF6 in heart tissue samples. Of note, we found that CNR1 knockout-improved insulin resistance, ER stress and lipid accumulation was diminished by AMPKα suppression using its inhibitor, Compound C. Therefore, the results demonstrated that therapeutic CNR1 inhibition could alleviate the progression of DCM.
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Proteínas Quinases Ativadas por AMP/metabolismo , Cardiomiopatias Diabéticas/metabolismo , Estresse do Retículo Endoplasmático , Resistência à Insulina , Receptor CB1 de Canabinoide/metabolismo , Animais , Cardiomiopatias Diabéticas/etiologia , Cardiomiopatias Diabéticas/genética , Cardiomiopatias Diabéticas/patologia , Dieta Hiperlipídica/efeitos adversos , Ativação Enzimática , Deleção de Genes , Humanos , Masculino , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , Camundongos Knockout , Miocárdio/metabolismo , Miocárdio/patologia , Receptor CB1 de Canabinoide/genética , Estresse FisiológicoRESUMO
Objective: Objective To understand the qualification of technicians in parasitic disease control in Hubei Province by analyzing the rusults of technique competition in 2015. Methods: Provincial competitions on basic knowledge and on skills were conducted among 68 technicians in 17 cities ï¼prefecturesï¼ in May 2015. The results were collected and analyzed with SPSS18.0 software. Scores were descriptively analyzed, and group comparisons were made by t-test and ANOVA. Results: The average score of the 68 competitors was 77.6, with a passing rate of 76.5%. In detail, the average scores of blood slide-making, Plasmodium detection, Kato-Katz slide-making and helminth egg detection were 9.3ï¼passing rate, 98.5%ï¼, 14.2 ï¼32.4%ï¼, 8.6 ï¼98.53%ï¼ and 22.6 ï¼27.9%ï¼ respectively. The average scores on theoretical knowledge and blood slide-making of female competitors were ï¼84.5±17.3ï¼ and ï¼9.4±0.4ï¼, respectively, significantly higher than those of the males ï¼70.7±21.1, 9.1±0.9 respectivelyï¼ ï¼P<0.05ï¼. The scores of Plasmodium microscopy and egg microscopy were higher in competitors from countiesï¼»ï¼16.3±8.0ï¼, ï¼25.8±12.0ï¼ï¼½ than in those from cities/prefectures ï¼»ï¼12.5±6.5ï¼, ï¼20.0±10.8ï¼ï¼½ ï¼P<0.05ï¼. In addition, the average scores on theoretical knowledge and egg dection were higher in competitors from districts with schistosomiasis control task ï¼»ï¼84.4±18.4ï¼, ï¼25.4±11.0ï¼ï¼½ than in those from areas without schistosomiasis control taskï¼»ï¼61.1±14.7ï¼, ï¼16.0±10.8ï¼ï¼½ï¼P<0.05ï¼. There were no statistically significant differences in scores of various items among competitors of different ages and with professional ranks (P>0.05). Conclusion: There is a good overall performance among the professionals but an imbalance in detecting capability in different areas. The microscopic examination skill also needs to be improved.
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Doenças Parasitárias/prevenção & controle , Animais , China , Doenças Transmissíveis , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Microscopia , Plasmodium , EsquistossomoseRESUMO
PURPOSE: This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of various treatment approaches in stage T4b esophageal cancer patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Data were extracted from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results databases, covering patients diagnosed with esophageal cancer between 2000 and 2020. Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to assess cancer-specific survival (CSS) and overall survival (OS) across different treatment patterns. RESULTS: The study included 482 patients: 222 (46.1%) received chemoradiotherapy, 58 (12.0%) underwent radiotherapy alone, 37 (7.7%) received chemotherapy alone, 50 (10.4%) underwent surgery, and 115 (23.8%) received no treatment. Median CSS were 12, 4, 6, 18, and 1 month for chemoradiotherapy, radiotherapy alone, chemotherapy alone, surgery, and non-treatment groups. Median OS for these groups were 11, 3, 6, 17, and 1 month, respectively. Multivariable proportional hazard regression analysis revealed that patients who underwent surgery experienced significantly improved CSS (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.42, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.24-0.72; P = 0.002) and OS (HR = 0.45, 95% CI: 0.28-0.74; P = 0.002) compared to those receiving chemoradiotherapy after propensity score matching. CONCLUSIONS: Esophagectomy, with or without radiotherapy and/or chemotherapy, results in better survival outcomes than chemoradiotherapy in patients with stage T4b esophageal cancer.
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Neoplasias Esofágicas , Estadiamento de Neoplasias , Humanos , Neoplasias Esofágicas/terapia , Neoplasias Esofágicas/mortalidade , Neoplasias Esofágicas/patologia , Masculino , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Retrospectivos , Idoso , Quimiorradioterapia , Programa de SEER , Esofagectomia , Estimativa de Kaplan-Meier , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
Purpose: This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) combined with concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) versus CCRT alone in patients with locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Materials and methods: This retrospective cohort study included patients diagnosed with locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma who received either CCRT alone or CCRT combined with ICIs from April 2019 to February 2023. The primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS), and the secondary endpoint was overall survival (OS). Results: A total of 101 patients were enrolled, with 58 undergoing CCRT alone and 43 receiving CCRT+ICI. The CCRT+ICI group demonstrated a higher complete response rate compared to the CCRT alone group (11.6% vs. 1.7%, P = 0.037). However, no significant difference was observed in 1-year PFS (58.9% vs. 55.2%; hazard ratio [HR] = 1.26, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.70-2.26; P = 0.445) or 1-year OS (70.8% vs. 75.9%; HR = 1.21, 95% CI: 0.58-2.53; P = 0.613) between CCRT+ICI and CCRT alone groups. The CCRT alone group experienced a higher incidence of leukopenia of any grade (93.1% vs. 76.7%, P = 0.039) but a lower incidence of pneumonitis of any grade (36.2% vs. 65.1%, P = 0.008). Conclusion: CCRT+ICI may not lead to improved survival outcomes compared to CCRT alone in patients with locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. These findings indicate the need for further investigation into this treatment approach.
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Neoplasias Esofágicas , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas do Esôfago , Humanos , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas do Esôfago/terapia , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas do Esôfago/patologia , Neoplasias Esofágicas/tratamento farmacológico , Inibidores de Checkpoint Imunológico/efeitos adversos , Estudos Retrospectivos , Quimiorradioterapia/efeitos adversosRESUMO
Background: The aim of the study was to delineate the treatment modalities and survival outcomes in patients with stage T1-2N0M0 small cell lung cancer (SCLC) who underwent surgery. Methods: SCLC patients from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results databases between 2000 and 2020 were investigated. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was employed to assess cancer-specific survival (CSS) and overall survival (OS) across diverse therapeutic strategies. Results: The study included 190 patients. Treatment modalities included surgery alone in 65 patients (34.2%), surgery + chemotherapy in 70 patients (36.8%), surgery + radiotherapy in three patients (1.6%), and surgery + chemoradiotherapy in 52 patients (27.4%). The median CSS remained undetermined for the surgery alone group, whereas it was 123 and 113 months for the surgery + chemotherapy and surgery + chemoradiotherapy groups. Median OS was 47, 84, and 50 months for these groups. Multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that patients receiving surgery + chemotherapy exhibited a significantly enhanced OS (hazard ratio (HR) = 0.60, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.38 - 0.94; P = 0.028) compared to those undergoing surgery alone. However, the integration of radiotherapy did not improve OS compared to surgery alone (HR = 0.72, 95% CI: 0.44 - 1.15; P = 0.170). Conclusion: Adjuvant chemotherapy improved OS compared to surgery alone. However, the addition of radiotherapy did not prolong OS.
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OBJECTIVE: We investigated the efficacy of metastatic lesion radiotherapy (MLRT) in patients with metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma (mNPC). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Patients with mNPC from three institutions were included in this study. Propensity score matching (PSM) was employed to ensure comparability between patient groups. Overall survival (OS) rates were assessed using the Kaplan-Meier method and compared using the log-rank test. Prognostic factors were identified using univariate and multivariate Cox hazard analyses. Subgroup analyses were conducted to assess the effects of MLRT on specific patient populations. RESULTS: We analyzed data from 1157 patients with mNPC. Patients who received MLRT had significantly better OS than those who did not, both in the original (28 vs. 21 months) and PSM cohorts (26 vs. 23 months). MLRT was identified as an independent favorable predictor of OS in multivariate analyses, with hazard ratios of 0.67. The subgroup analysis results indicated that radiotherapy effectively treated liver, lung, and bone metastatic lesions, particularly in patients with a limited tumor burden. Higher total radiation doses of MLRT (biologically effective dose (BED) ≥ 56 Gy) were associated with improved OS, while neither radiation technique nor dose fractionation independently influenced prognosis. CONCLUSIONS: MLRT offers survival advantages to patients diagnosed with mNPC. Patients with limited metastatic burden derive the most benefit from MLRT, and the recommended regimen for MLRT is a minimum BED of 56 Gy for optimal outcomes.
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Carcinoma , Carcinoma Nasofaríngeo , Neoplasias Nasofaríngeas , Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Estudos Retrospectivos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Neoplasias Nasofaríngeas/radioterapia , Neoplasias Nasofaríngeas/patologia , Neoplasias Nasofaríngeas/mortalidade , Carcinoma Nasofaríngeo/radioterapia , Carcinoma Nasofaríngeo/patologia , Carcinoma Nasofaríngeo/mortalidade , Carcinoma/radioterapia , Carcinoma/secundário , Carcinoma/mortalidade , Adulto , Idoso , Pontuação de Propensão , Prognóstico , Taxa de Sobrevida , Neoplasias Ósseas/secundário , Neoplasias Ósseas/radioterapia , Neoplasias Ósseas/mortalidade , Neoplasias Pulmonares/radioterapia , Neoplasias Pulmonares/patologia , Neoplasias Pulmonares/mortalidade , Resultado do Tratamento , Neoplasias Hepáticas/secundário , Neoplasias Hepáticas/radioterapia , Neoplasias Hepáticas/mortalidadeRESUMO
Brain tissue of Magnetic Resonance Imaging is precisely segmented and quantified, which aids in the diagnosis of neurological diseases such as epilepsy, Alzheimer's, and multiple sclerosis. Recently, UNet-like architectures are widely used for medical image segmentation, which achieved promising performance by using the skip connection to fuse the low-level and high-level information. However, In the process of integrating the low-level and high-level information, the non-object information (noise) will be added, which reduces the accuracy of medical image segmentation. Likewise, the same problem also exists in the residual unit. Since the output and input of the residual unit are fused, the non-object information (noise) of the input of the residual unit will be in the integration. To address this challenging problem, in this paper we propose a Purified Residual U-net for the segmentation of brain tissue. This model encodes the image to obtain deep semantic information and purifies the information of low-level features and the residual unit from the image, and acquires the result through a decoder at last. We use the Dilated Pyramid Separate Block (DPSB) as the first block to purify the features for each layer in the encoder without the first layer, which expands the receptive field of the convolution kernel with only a few parameters added. In the first layer, we have explored the best performance achieved with DPB. We find the most non-object information (noise) in the initial image, so it is good for the accuracy to exchange the information to the max degree. We have conducted experiments with the widely used IBSR-18 dataset composed of T-1 weighted MRI volumes from 18 subjects. The results show that compared with some of the cutting-edge methods, our method enhances segmentation performance with the mean dice score reaching 91.093% and the mean Hausdorff distance decreasing to 3.2606.
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Processamento de Imagem Assistida por Computador , Redes Neurais de Computação , Humanos , Processamento de Imagem Assistida por Computador/métodos , Algoritmos , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética/métodos , Encéfalo/diagnóstico por imagemRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Patients affected by senile vascular dementia (VaD) suffer from a gradual deterioration in their cognitive expressions as well as the ability of taking care for themselves. This study aimed to investigate the clinical efficacy and safety of improving cognitive function and daily life activities of patients with VaD by transplanting human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (HUCMSCs). METHODS: A total number of 11 patients with senile VaD, who were admitted through outpatient treatment and hospitalized between February 2013 and February 2016, were selected. The diagnosis was based on CT and MRI examinations. The cultivated HUCMSCs (106 /kg) were injected by intravenous (i.v.) infusion on three occasions. Patients were evaluated for the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) with 25-30 as normal, 21-24 as mild dementia, 10-20 as moderate dementia, and 0-9 as severe dementia. In addition, the Barthel index (BI) was used for a standardized activities of daily living (ADLs) with 0-20 as total dependence, 21-60 as severe dependence, 61-90 as moderate dependence, and 91-95 slight dependence. The t-test was performed to compare statistical significance. RESULTS: The study included 11 subjects, one of whom fell out due to an event unrelated to the study. The results show descriptive statistics at different time points. No matter MMSE score or Barthel index, the difference between before treatment and after treatment or follow-up was statistically significant (P < 0.001).Result interpretation: this intervention method has a significant therapeutic effect, and in the 3-month follow-up period, the intervention effect is still significant compared with that before treatment. CONCLUSIONS: Our preliminary clinical observations suggest that the i.v. infusion of HUCMSCs significantly improved the cognitive function (MMSE) and daily life activities (BI) of patients with senile VaD. This approach may prove to be safe and relatively simple method to be applied for the treatment of senile VaD.
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Doença de Alzheimer , Demência Vascular , Demência , Células-Tronco Mesenquimais , Atividades Cotidianas , Doença de Alzheimer/diagnóstico , Doença de Alzheimer/tratamento farmacológico , Demência/diagnóstico , Demência/terapia , Demência Vascular/diagnóstico , Demência Vascular/tratamento farmacológico , Humanos , Cordão UmbilicalRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is a type of invasive malignancy and the seventh most common cancer in the worldwide. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are self-renewal cells in tumors and can produce heterogeneous tumor cells, which play an important role in the development of HNSCC. In our research, we aimed to identify genes related to the CSCs characteristics in HNSCC. METHODS: Messenger RNA (mRNA) expression-based stiffness index (mRNAsi) can be used as a quantitative characterization of CSCs. We used one-class logistic regression machine learning algorithm (OCLR) to calculate the mRNAsi and investigate the relationship between mRNAsi and clinical characteristics of HNSCC. Then, a weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) and protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed to screen hub genes related to mRNAsi of HNSCC. RESULTS: The results indicated that the score of mRNAsi in HNSCC tissues is higher than in paracancer tissues, while the mRNAsi was not statistically correlated with the prognosis and clinical characteristics of HNSCC. Six positive and six negative hub genes related to mRNAsi of HNSCC were selected, which may act as therapeutic targets for inhibiting CSCs within HNSCC. CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, our research selected 12 hub genes related to mRNAsi of HNSCC through weighted gene co-expression network analysis. These genes may become therapeutic targets to inhibit the CSCs of HNSCC in the future.
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Regulação Neoplásica da Expressão Gênica , Neoplasias de Cabeça e Pescoço , Neoplasias de Cabeça e Pescoço/genética , Humanos , Células-Tronco Neoplásicas , Prognóstico , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas de Cabeça e Pescoço/genéticaRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) for the treatment of unresectable liver metastases. METHODS: Twenty-five patients with unresectable liver metastases treated with IMRT were enrolled from January 2003 to September 2016. The median longest diameter of the lesions was 3.3 cm (range, 1.6-16.7 cm). The fraction dose ranged from 2 to 5.2 Gy, with a median total dose of 50 Gy (range, 30-60 Gy). RESULTS: The median follow-up was 9.2 months (range, 2.1-48.8 months). The overall survival rates at 1 and 2 years were 46.4% and 27.4%, respectively. The 1-year local control rate was 69.8%. The 1-year progression-free survival rate was 26.3%. One patient had grade 4 liver dysfunction. One case of grade 4 leukopenia and one case of grade 3 leukopenia occurred, and one case of grade 3 leukopenia and thrombocytopenia was observed. CONCLUSION: IMRT may be a promising and safe treatment for unresectable liver metastases and can be used as a treatment option.
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Neoplasias Hepáticas , Radioterapia de Intensidade Modulada , Seguimentos , Humanos , Neoplasias Hepáticas/radioterapia , Dosagem Radioterapêutica , Estudos RetrospectivosRESUMO
PURPOSE: To investigate dosimetry of submandibular glands on xerostomia after intensity-modulated radiotherapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). METHODS: From September 2015 to March 2016, 195 NPC patients were investigated. Xerostomia was evaluated at 12 months after treatment via the RTOG/EORTC system. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression model was used to optimize feature selection for grades 2-3 xerostomia. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was applied to build a predicting model incorporating the feature selected in the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression model. Discrimination, calibration, and clinical usefulness of the predicting model were assessed using the C-index, calibration plot, and decision curve analysis. RESULTS: The V30 of the parotid glands was selected based on the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression. The nomogram displayed good discrimination with a C-index of 0.698 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.626-0.771) and good calibration (model 1). Addition of the dosimetric parameters including the mean dose to the submandibular glands, V50 of the submandibular glands, and volume of the submandibular glands to the model 1 failed to show incremental prognostic value (model 2). The model 2 showed a C-index of 0.704 (95% CI: 0.632-0.776). Decision curve analysis demonstrated that the model 1 was clinically useful when intervention was decided at the possibility threshold of > 20%. Within this range, net benefit was comparable between the model 1 and model 2. CONCLUSION: PGv30 was a major predictive factor of grades 2-3 xerostomia for NPC. In contrast, the mean dose to the submandibular glands, V50 of the submandibular glands, and volume of the submandibular glands were not independent predictive factors.
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OBJECTIVE: To study the protective effects of salidroside on oxidative damage in fatigue mice. METHODS: Thirty-two male Kunming mice were randomly divided into four groups based on body weight: normal control group, salidroside group, training group and salidroside plus training group. The mice in the normal control group and the training group were given distilled water and mice in the salidroside group and the salidroside plus training group were given 180 mg/ (kg * d) salidroside for 15 days. At 30 min after the last administration, the mice in the training group and the salidroside plus training group were forced to swim for 120 min. Finally, all the mice were killed. The activities of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatine kinase (CK) and creatine kinase-myocardial band isoenzyme (CK-MB) in plasma were determined by an auto-biochemistry analyzer. The activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and the content of malonaldehyde (MDA) in liver tissue were also detected. The changes of ultrastructures of the skeletal muscle and cardiac muscle were observed under an electron microscope. RESULTS: Compared with no swimming, long-time swimming could significantly increase the activities of LDH, CK and CK-MB in plasma (P < 0.05, P < 0.01), while salidroside could significantly decrease the activities of CK and CK-MB in plasma induced by long-time swimming (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). There existed interactions in LDH, CK and CK-MB activities between salidroside and long-time swimming (P < 0.05). Compared with no swimming, long-time swimming could significantly decrease the SOD and GSH-Px activities and increase the MDA content in liver tissue (P < 0.01). Salidroside could significantly increase the GSH-Px and SOD activities and decrease the MDA content in liver tissue (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). However, there were no interactions in GSH-Px activity and MDA content between salidroside and long-time swimming (P < 0.05). After long-time swimming, more ultrastructural lesions were found in the cardiac muscle and skeletal muscle in the training group than in the salidroside plus training group. CONCLUSION: Salidroside may play a role in protecting the mice from oxidative damage caused by long-time endurance training.
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Fadiga/metabolismo , Glucosídeos/farmacologia , Músculo Esquelético/patologia , Miocárdio/patologia , Estresse Oxidativo/efeitos dos fármacos , Fenóis/farmacologia , Animais , Creatina Quinase/sangue , Creatina Quinase Forma MB/metabolismo , Fadiga/patologia , Fadiga/prevenção & controle , Glutationa Peroxidase/metabolismo , L-Lactato Desidrogenase/metabolismo , Masculino , Malondialdeído/metabolismo , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos , Superóxido Dismutase/metabolismoRESUMO
Australobiustracheoperspicuus sp. n. (Lithobiomorpha: Lithobiidae) was recently discovered from the Cave of the brickyard of Gaofeng village, in the Guizhou Province, southwest China, and it is described here. Morphologically the new species is similar to A.magnus (Trozina>, 1894) from north-western China. The new species can be easily distinguished from those by the trachea connected to the valve of the TIII clearly visible from the dorsal side, the absence of ocelli on each side of the cephalic plate, the DaC spine being only present on the XIIIth-XVth legs. Numbers of examined specimens, distribution and the main morphological characters and an identification key to the known Chinese species of genus Australobius based on adult specimens is given.
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The objective of this study was to assess the overall diagnostic value of MRI, SPECT and 18F-FDG PET/CT in detecting local NPC residual/recurrence with a meta-analysis. We performed a systematic review with meta-analyses to compare the diagnostic performance of nuclear magnetic resonance Imaging (MRI), single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and 18-fluoro-2-deoxyglucose positron emission tomography (18F-FDG PET/CT) as imaging modalities for the detection of local residual or recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). MEDLINE, EMBASE and publisher databases were searched in December 2014. Methodological quality was assessed using the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies (QUADAS) tool. Pooled estimation and subgroup analysis data were obtained by statistical analysis. Seventeen studies were included in the meta-analysis. The pooled sensitivity estimates for 18F-FDGPET/CT (90%) and SPECT (85%) were not significantly higher than MRI (77%) (p=0.096 and 0.164, respectively). The pooled specificity estimates for 18F-FDGPET/CT (93%) and SPECT (81%) were significantly higher than MRI (76%) (p=0.033 and 0.042, respectively). The pooled DOR (Diagnostic odds ratio) estimates for 18F-FDGPET/CT (73.27) were significantly higher than MRI (12.09) (p=0.019) while the pooled DOR estimates for SPECT (78.69) were not significantly higher than MRI (12.09) (p=0.872). For 18F-FDGPET/CT, there were no significant differences between PET-CT and PET on all of the variables including sensitivity, specificity, PLR (Positive likelihood ratio), NLR (Negative likelihood ratio) and DOR (P>0.05). For SPECT, there were no significant differences between 201TI-SPECT and MIBI-SPECT on all of the variables including sensitivity, specificity, PLR, NLR and DOR (P>0.05). Both 18F-FDGPET/CT and SPECT are very accurate for the detection of local residual or recurrent NPC, they are superior to MRI in distinguishing recurrent NPC from fibrosis or scar tissue after RT in irradiated fields with distortion of normal architecture. For 18F-FDGPET/CT, the diagnostic accuracy PET/CT was not significantly different than that of PET alone. For SPECT, 201TI-SPECT and MIBI-SPECT have the same diagnostic accuracy.
Assuntos
Neoplasias Nasofaríngeas/diagnóstico , Recidiva Local de Neoplasia/diagnóstico , Carcinoma , Fluordesoxiglucose F18 , Humanos , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética/métodos , Carcinoma Nasofaríngeo , Tomografia por Emissão de Pósitrons/métodos , Compostos Radiofarmacêuticos , Sensibilidade e Especificidade , Tomografia Computadorizada de Emissão de Fóton Único/métodos , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X/métodosRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To explore the endemic situation of malaria in Hubei Province in 2013, so as to put forward effective elimination strategies and measures. METHODS: The data of malaria cases were searched from the Disease Reporting Information System of Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention and analyzed with the descriptive epidemiological method for the epidemiological characteristics of malaria in Hubei Province in 2013. RESULTS: A total of 129 malaria cases were reported in Hubei Province in 2013 with the incidence of 0.02/10,000, and all of them were imported cases, in which 86 cases with Plasmodium falciparum infection, 32 cases with P. vivax infection, 7 cases with P. ovale infection and 4 cases with P. malariae infection. The distribution of malaria cases was concentrated in Wuhan City (76 cases), Yichang City (10 cases), Xiangyang City (7 cases) and Huangshi City (6 cases), accounting for 76.74% of the total cases. There was no significant seasonal variation in the reporting time of the cases. Totally 99.22% of the cases were male, the age distribution concentrated mainly on 20-49 years. The occupation distribution concentrated mainly on the worker, farmer, cadre staff and migrant worker. The main original areas of the imported cases were Africa (111 cases, 86.05%) and Asia (17 cases, 13.18%). CONCLUSIONS: There is no local malaria cases reported in Hubei Province in 2013, however, the imported malaria cases are increased. Therefore, it is necessary to further strengthen the multi-sector collaboration of vector control, while the health education should be intensified especially in the key population.
Assuntos
Malária/epidemiologia , Adulto , China/epidemiologia , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Prevalência , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether photochemical smog emitted during the process of electric arc welding might cause oxidative stress and potential oxidative damage in the bodies of welding operators. METHODS: Seventy electric arc welding operators (WOs) and 70 healthy volunteers (HVs) were enrolled in a randomized controlled study design, in which the levels of vitamin C (VC) and vitamin E (VE) in plasma as well as the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX), and the level of lipoperoxide (LPO) in erythrocytes were determined by spectrophotometry. RESULTS: Compared with the average values of the above experimental parameters in the HVs group, the average values of VC and VE in plasma as well as those of SOD, CAT and GPX in erythrocytes in the WOs group were significantly decreased (P < 0.005-0.0001), while the average value of LPO in erythrocytes in the WOs group was significantly increased (P < 0.0001). The findings from the partial correlation analysis on the controlling of age suggested that with a prolonged duration of exposure to photochemical smog the values of VC, VE, SOD, and GPX, except for CAT, in the WOs were decreased gradually (P < 0.05-0.005), the value of LPO in the WOs was increased gradually (P < 0.001), and that with the ozone dose increased in the air in each worksite VC, VE, SOD, CAT and GPX decreased (P < 0.005-0.001), but LPO increased (P < 0.001). The findings from the reliability analysis for the VC, VE, SOD, CAT, GPX, and LPO values which were used to reflect oxidative stress and potential oxidative damage in the WOs showed that the reliability coefficients' alpha (6 items) was 0.8021, P < 0.0001, and that the standardized item alpha was 0.9577, P < 0.0001. CONCLUSION: Findings in the present study suggest that there exists an oxidative stress induced by long-term exposure to photochemical smog in the bodies of WOs, thereby causing potential oxidative and lipoperoxidative damages in their bodies.
Assuntos
Antioxidantes/metabolismo , Oxidantes Fotoquímicos/efeitos adversos , Estresse Oxidativo , Soldagem , Adulto , Ácido Ascórbico/sangue , Catalase/sangue , Eritrócitos/metabolismo , Glutationa Peroxidase/sangue , Humanos , Peróxidos Lipídicos/sangue , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Óxido Nítrico/sangue , Oxidantes Fotoquímicos/análise , Ozônio/análise , Ozônio/toxicidade , Medição de Risco , Smog , Superóxido Dismutase/sangue , Vitamina E/sangueRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To explore effects of Shenqi preparation,Traditional Chinese Medicine, on anti-fatigue and anti-oxidant functions. METHODS: One hundred and twenty mice were randomly divided into control group and 3 experimental groups. The high, medium and low-dose of Shenqi preparation were given to the 3 experimental groups respectively, while distilled water to the control group for 15 d. The loaded swimming time, the level of lactate, serum urea nitrogen (SUN), muscle and liver glycogen, liver super-oxide dismutase (SOD), the content of malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px) were assayed. RESULTS: The loaded swimming test showed that the exhausted swimming time of 3 experimental groups [(296.0 +/- 25.3)s, (437.0 g 38.9)s, (595.0 +/- 53.9)s respectively] was longer than that of control group [(231.0 +/- 22.5)s, P < 0.05, P < 0.01]. The liver glycogen content of the high and medium-dose experimental groups were higher than that of control group respectively (P < 0.01). The SUN content of each experimental group was less than that of the control group (P < 0.01, P < 0.05). Moreover,in the medium and high dose experimental groups, less accumulation of lactate was found (P < 0.01, P < 0.05), and the content of liver SOD and GSH-Px was higher (P < 0.01, P < 0.05). The content of liver MDA in high-dose experimental group was less than that of the control group (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Shenqi preparation, especially the high and medium-dose experimental groups, is able to improve exercise tolerance and has anti-fatigue and anti-oxidant effects in mice.
Assuntos
Medicamentos de Ervas Chinesas/farmacologia , Fadiga/tratamento farmacológico , Animais , Antioxidantes/metabolismo , Nitrogênio da Ureia Sanguínea , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Fadiga/metabolismo , Glutationa Peroxidase/metabolismo , Glicogênio/metabolismo , Ácido Láctico/sangue , Fígado/efeitos dos fármacos , Fígado/metabolismo , Masculino , Malondialdeído/metabolismo , Camundongos , Condicionamento Físico Animal , Superóxido Dismutase/metabolismoRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To understand the characteristics of imported malaria in Hubei Province so as to provide the evidence for formulating the prevention and control strategy. METHODS: The data of all imported malaria cases from 2006-01 to 2011-07 were retrospectively analyzed, and at the same time, the imported malaria cases since 2010 were interviewed through telephone and the cases since 2011-05 were interviewed face to face. All data were analyzed with EpiInfo. RESULTS: There were 195 imported malaria cases from 2006-01-01 to 2011-07-07, and there was a rising trend but there was no obvious difference among seasons. The interval between the disease onset and diagnosis was shorter in high educated people than low educated people (chi2 = 10.93, P < 0.01) and in the severe cases than the slight cases (chi2 = 4.58, P < 0.05). The severe rates of malaria cases were 70.4% and 82.9% in the low educated group and the high educated group, respectively (chi2 = 7.02, P < 0.01). Non-condition regression analysis showed that there were three influence factors which affected severe malaria, including whether or not self-treatment instead of seeing doctor when being fever; whether or not having health education before going abroad; whether or not considering malaria of the initial diagnosis doctor. CONCLUSION: It is very important to strengthen the personnel abroad malaria health education, the malaria blood smear microscopic inspection in medical institutions, and the initial diagnosis doctor's awareness on malaria.