RESUMO
Objective:To observe the secondary prevention efficacy of subcutaneous immunotherapy in children with allergic rhinitisï¼ARï¼ and cough variant asthmaï¼CVAï¼ and to analyze its effect on the levels of serum sIgG4, IL-27 and IL-33. Method:The clinical data of 112 children aged 5-12 years with AR and CVA were retrospectively analyzed and divided into control groupï¼52 casesï¼ and SCIT groupï¼60 casesï¼. The patients were followed up for 3 years. The control group was received symptomatic treatment only, and the SCIT group was received SCIT on the basis of the control group. The numbers of cases of the two groups of children who produced new allergens and developed CA were analyze during the 3-year treatment. Changes in serum sIgG4, IL-27, IL-33 levels, TNSS, DCSS, NCSS, TRMS, TCMS, VAS score, and FEV1% before and after treatment were analyzed. Result:During the treatment, 4 patientsï¼6.67%ï¼ in the SCIT group produced the new allergen, and 20 patientsï¼38.46%ï¼ in the control groupï¼χ²=16.73, P<0.05ï¼. There were only 3 casesï¼5.00%ï¼ in the SCIT group, which developed into CA, while 15 casesï¼28.85%ï¼ in the control group. The difference between the groups was statistically significantï¼χ²=11.74, P<0.05ï¼. Compared with baseline, serum levels of sIgG4 and IL-27 in both groups were significantly increased after 3 years of treatmentï¼P<0.05ï¼, while serum levels of IL-33 were significantly decreasedï¼P<0.05ï¼. After 3 years of treatment, serum levels of sIgG4 and IL-27 in the SCIT group were significantly higher than those in the control group, and serum levels of IL-33 were significantly lower than those in the control groupï¼P<0.05ï¼. Compared with baseline, TNSS, DCSS, NCSS, TRMS, TCMS, VAS, and FEV1% in both groups were significantly improved at 1, 2, and 3 years of treatmentï¼P<0.05ï¼. There was no significant difference in TNSS, DCSS, NCSS, TRMS, TCMS, VAS and FEV1% between the two groups at baselineï¼P>0.05ï¼, while after 1, 2 and 3 years of treatment the above indicators in the SCIT group were significantly better than those in the control groupï¼P<0.05ï¼. Conclusion:SCIT treatment can prevent AR with CVA patients from producing new allergens and developing into CA, and improve serum sIgG4 and IL-27 and IL-33 levels.
Assuntos
Asma , Interleucina-27 , Rinite Alérgica , Asma/terapia , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Tosse , Humanos , Imunoterapia , Injeções Subcutâneas , Interleucina-33 , Estudos Retrospectivos , Rinite Alérgica/terapia , Prevenção SecundáriaRESUMO
Functionalized drug delivery systems against malignant lung metastasis of breast cancer have been extensively studied, while metastasis remains a challenging issue. We propose a new strategy to achieve eradication of primary breast cancer cells and inhibition of pulmonary metastasis. A cathepsin B/pH dual-sensitive block copolymer with a molecular weight of 92 kDa was synthesized to conjugate with doxorubicin (DOX). The copolymer-DOX was further loaded with nifuroxazide (NFX) to self-assemble co-prodrug-loaded micelles (CLM). CLM displayed a drug release pattern in response to pH/enzyme dual stimuli and was enzymatically biodegradable. CLM was demonstrated to reduce viability and inhibit migration and invasion of 4T1 murine breast cancer cells in vitro. After i.v. injection of CLM, its nanoscale size and stimuli-responsiveness facilitated delivery of drugs to the tumor site in mice. Enhanced anti-tumor efficacy and great anti-metastatic effects were found in both orthotropic and lung metastasis 4T1 breast cancer mice models. Meanwhile, histological immunofluorescence and immunohistochemical analyses revealed a high level of apoptosis, suppressed expression of matrix metalloproteinases and reduction in MDSCs infiltration, and all these contributed to inhibit pulmonary metastasis. CLM may be explored as a potential nanomedicine against breast cancer metastasis.