Umbelliferone reduces inflammation and ligature-induced osteoclastic alveolar bone resorption in mice.

AIMS: This study aimed to investigate the effects of Umbelliferone (UMB) on the inflammation underlying alveolar bone resorption in mouse periodontitis. METHODS: Male Swiss mice subjected to a ligature of molars were grouped as non-treated (NT), received UMB (15, 45, or 135 mg/kg) or saline daily for 7 days, respectively, and were compared with naïve mice as control. Gingival tissues were evaluated by myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity and interleukin-1ß level by ELISA. The bone resorption was directly assessed on the region between the cement-enamel junction and the alveolar bone crest. Microscopically, histomorphometry of the furcation region, immunofluorescence for nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-ĸB), and immunohistochemistry for tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP), and cathepsin K (CTSK) were performed. Systemically, body mass variation and leukogram were analyzed. RESULTS: Periodontitis significantly increased MPO activity, interleukin-1ß level, and NF-ĸB+ immunofluorescence, and induced severe alveolar bone and furcation resorptions, besides increased TRAP+ and CTSK+ cells compared with naïve. UMB significantly prevented the inflammation by reducing MPO activity, interleukin-1ß level, and NF-ĸB+ intensity, besides reduction of resorption of alveolar bone and furcation area, and TRAP+ and CTSK+ cells compared with the NT group. Periodontitis or UMB treatment did not affect the animals systemically. CONCLUSION: UMB improved periodontitis by reducing inflammation and bone markers.

The effect of the dental follicle volume of palatally impacted canines on the relative position of the adjacent teeth.

OBJECTIVE: To assess if the dental follicle volume of palatally impacted canines (PICs) affects the relative root position of the adjacent lateral incisors (LIs) and first premolars (FPs). MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective cross-sectional study of 49 patients with unilaterally PICs with dental follicles who had CBCT imaging previously taken. Four orthodontic centers in different countries provided the sample. A mean difference of 5° between the angular measurements (mesiodistal tip, buccolingual inclination, or mesiodistal rotation) of the LI and FP adjacent to the PIC and the controls was considered clinically relevant. A value of 0.05 was set for significance level and a power of 80%. The minimum sample size was determined to be 26 patients. These patients were further assigned to an LI sample (n = 49) and an FP sample (n = 23), dependent on the direct contact of the dental follicle to that adjacent tooth. A manual segmentation technique was used to obtain the volumetric measurements of the dental follicle. Angular measurements of adjacent teeth were then compared to the contralateral nonimpacted side, which acted as the control. A multivariant regression analysis was performed using IBM SPSS software, and statistical significance was set at α = 0.05. RESULTS: Adequate intra-rater reliability was accomplished. The multivariant regression analysis implied that there is no difference in the mean change in the tip, torque, and rotation of the LI and FP between the impacted and control sides when dental follicle volumes are considered (P = .509 for the LI sample and P = .804 for the FP sample). LIMITATIONS: CBCT imaging of dental follicle border delimitations, partial volume effect, and scattering are limitations. This is a convenience sample where the FP subsample is small. CONCLUSION: The dental follicle volume of the PICs does not seem to influence the relative position of the adjacent LI and FP mesiodistal tip, buccolingual inclination, and mesiodistal rotation. Early intervention could have been suggested to avoid certain malocclusion traits if significant displacements were demonstrated.

Thermographic examination of gingival phenotypes: correlation between morphological and thermal parameters.

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the clinical and thermographic aspects of the gingival phenotype (GP) in healthy subjects. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study sample examined 264 teeth, upper and lower incisors, comprising 132 central incisors (CI) and 132 lateral incisors (LI), in 33 healthy volunteers. Four periodontal parameters were recorded systematically: ratio of width to length of the dental crown (CW/CL), height of the gingival attachment (KGW), probing depth (PD), and gingival transparency (GT). The temperatures of the attached gingiva (KGW temp) and the free gingival margin (FGM Temp) were also recorded by way of infrared thermography (IRT). RESULTS: The average age of the sample was 30.70 ± 7.65 years. Of the 264 teeth evaluated, 76.1% had a thin GP. There was a significant association between CW/CL (p < 0.001), KGW (p < 0.001), PD (p < 0.007), and FGM Temp (p < 0.006) with the tooth groups. The results show a significant and inversely proportional correlation between clinical parameters and gingival temperature (p < 0.05). A significant association was found between CW/CL (p < 0.026); KGW (p < 0.001); and GP. CONCLUSION: CW/CL, KGW, PD, and FGM Temp vary according to tooth group. The majority of the sample presented with the thin GP, which was more prevalent in the lower LIs and CIs. No significant association could be observed between thermographic parameters and GP. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Knowledge of the temperature of the gingival tissues can be useful in helping to diagnose and plan periodontal treatments. Moreover, our findings will help future studies evaluate the use of IR as an auxiliary diagnostic method in dentistry, eliminating GP as a confounding factor, since it does not seem to influence the temperature of the gingival tissues.

Genomic inbreeding estimation, runs of homozygosity, and heterozygosity-enriched regions uncover signals of selection in the Quarter Horse racing line.

With the advent of genomics, significant progress has been made in the genetic improvement of livestock species, particularly through increased accuracy in predicting breeding values for selecting superior animals and the possibility of performing a high-resolution genetic scan throughout the genome of an individual. The main objectives of this study were to estimate the individual genomic inbreeding coefficient based on runs of homozygosity (FROH ), to identify and characterize runs of homozygosity and heterozygosity (ROH and ROHet, respectively; length and distribution) throughout the genome, and to map selection signatures in relevant chromosomal regions in the Quarter Horse racing line. A total of 336 animals registered with the Brazilian Association of Quarter Horse Breeders (ABQM) were genotyped. One hundred and twelve animals were genotyped using the Equine SNP50 BeadChip (Illumina, USA), with 54,602 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs; 54K). The remaining 224 samples were genotyped using the Equine SNP70 BeadChip (Illumina, USA) with 65,157 SNPs (65K). To ensure data quality, we excluded animals with a call rate below 0.9. We also excluded SNPs located on non-autosomal chromosomes, as well as those with a call rate below 0.9 or a p-value below 1 × 10-5 for Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. The results indicate moderate to high genomic inbreeding, with 46,594 ROH and 16,101 ROHet detected. In total, 30 and 14 candidate genes overlap with ROH and ROHet regions, respectively. The ROH islands showed genes linked to crucial biological processes, such as cell differentiation (CTBP1, WNT5B, and TMEM120B), regulation of glucose metabolic process (MAEA and NKX1-1), heme transport (PGRMC2), and negative regulation of calcium ion import (VDAC1). In ROHet, the islands showed genes related to respiratory capacity (OR7D19, OR7D4G, OR7D4E, and OR7D4J) and muscle repair (EGFR and BCL9). These findings could aid in selecting animals with greater regenerative capacity and developing treatments for muscle disorders in the QH breed. This study serves as a foundation for future research on equine breeds. It can contribute to developing reproductive strategies in animal breeding programs to improve and preserve the Quarter Horse breed.

Orthodontists' criteria for prescribing cone-beam computed tomography-a multi-country survey.

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to describe and compare CBCT imaging prescription in clinical practice among orthodontists from five countries in Europe and America. Additionally, it investigated factors associated with the prescribing and the use of guidelines for CBCT imaging. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional survey was carried out using an online questionnaire sent to all registered orthodontists in Belgium, Brazil, Canada, Romania, and the United States of America (USA). The data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, bivariate tests, and Poisson regression. RESULTS: The final sample consisted of 1284 participants. CBCT was prescribed by 84.4% of the participants for selected cases (84.9%), mainly for impacted teeth (92.4%), presurgical planning (54.1%), and root resorption (51.9%). High cost was most frequently the limiting factor for CBCT prescription (55.4%). Only 45.2% of those who were using CBCT imaging reported adhering to guidelines. CBCT imaging prescription was associated with the orthodontists' countries (p < .009, except for Belgium, p = .068), while the use of guidelines was associated with the respondents' country and additional training on CBCT imaging (p < .001). CONCLUSIONS: Orthodontists refer patients for CBCT for selected indications (impacted teeth, root resorption, presurgical planning, dentofacial deformities, as suggested by the international guidelines, and also for upper airway and temporomandibular joint evaluation). Many do not adhere to specific guidelines. There are substantial variations between the countries about the orthodontists' referral for CBCT and guideline usage, irrespective of gender. CBCT prescription may be limited by financial barriers, adhering to specific guidelines and prior CBCT training. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: CBCT prescription among orthodontists must be based on prescription criteria and current guidelines. It is advised to improve CBCT education and training to enhance CBCT selection, referral, analysis, and interpretation in orthodontic practice.

"InspirAção": Development and use of a website to prevent suicidal behavior.

AIM: To describe the development and divulgation of a website for the prevention of suicidal behavior and to analyze posted themes and access metrics. METHOD: Mixed study developed from 2019 to 2020 on the "InspirAção" website. All user posts were collected from WordPress and subjected to thematic analysis. The access metrics were obtained by Google Analytics. RESULTS: The development of the website contains systematically planned steps to meet international recommendations. In the initial six months of the site, there were 64,628 views and 18,161 sessions from different countries. The main themes posted by users were "Life and what gives it meaning", "Love, comfort and acceptance", "Self-knowledge, authenticity and transformation" and "Overcoming, altruism and transcendence". CONCLUSIONS: "InspirAção" contains innovative features, incorporates protective factors and meets requirements for online and community suicide prevention. The study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee (CAAE: 08563019.5.0000.5393).

Integrating perspectives in actinomycete research: an ActinoBase review of 2020-21.

Last year ActinoBase, a Wiki-style initiative supported by the UK Microbiology Society, published a review highlighting the research of particular interest to the actinomycete community. Here, we present the second ActinoBase review showcasing selected reports published in 2020 and early 2021, integrating perspectives in the actinomycete field. Actinomycetes are well-known for their unsurpassed ability to produce specialised metabolites, of which many are used as therapeutic agents with antibacterial, antifungal, or immunosuppressive activities. Much research is carried out to understand the purpose of these metabolites in the environment, either within communities or in host interactions. Moreover, many efforts have been placed in developing computational tools to handle big data, simplify experimental design, and find new biosynthetic gene cluster prioritisation strategies. Alongside, synthetic biology has provided advances in tools to elucidate the biosynthesis of these metabolites. Additionally, there are still mysteries to be uncovered in understanding the fundamentals of filamentous actinomycetes' developmental cycle and regulation of their metabolism. This review focuses on research using integrative methodologies and approaches to understand the bigger picture of actinomycete biology, covering four research areas: i) technology and methodology; ii) specialised metabolites; iii) development and regulation; and iv) ecology and host interactions.

Socio-spatial inequality and its relationship to thermal (dis)comfort in two major Local Climate Zones in a tropical coastal city.

Brazil is the country with the highest social inequality in South America. This socioeconomic disparity reflects not only on the families' income but also on their spatial localization in the city, as well as on the urban design. These urban environments can alter the urban microclimate, and consequently, interfere in dwellers' thermal comfort. This research investigated the relationship between socio-spatial inequalities and thermal comfort in two different Local Climate Zones (LCZ) using a combination of measurement and modeling. Air temperature (Tair) was obtained by on-site measurements in compact high-rise (LCZ1) and compact low-rise buildings (LCZ3) and Mean radiant temperature (Tmrt) was simulated using SOlar and LongWave Environmental Irradiance Geometry (SOLWEIG). The results indicated that in LCZ1 seafront-localized buildings, in which residents have a higher income, the temperature remains in a range classified as comfortable, mainly due to shading and sea breeze. On the other hand, LCZ3, located in the periphery of the city, in which the low-income population is concentrated and is marked by a precariousness urban environment, presented a higher air temperature and Tmrt values, exposing the dwellers to heat stress throughout the year, especially during the summer season. These observations suggested that public and private actions tend to promote better urban designs in areas with a higher concentration of income. Public reforms aimed at improving the urban environment and promoting thermal comfort should be a priority for the warmest LCZ, where the poorest residents live. Public agents should rethink the distribution of environmental resources to promote equitable urban spaces.

Comparison of Adjusted Fluoride Concentrations Between Water Treatment Facilities and Endpoints in Alberta, Canada.

OBJECTIVES: This investigation aimed to determine whether fluoride concentration in water at the user endpoint remains the same as at the adjusted source, i.e., water treatment facilities. METHODS: Daycares in Alberta, Canada, were used as the endpoint to measure fluoride concentration. They were randomly selected from a list of 400 licensed daycares provided by the Ministry of Children's Services. All water samples collected from the daycares were sent to the accredited Alberta Centre for Toxicology (ACFT) for analysis within 7 days of collection. ACFT used ion chromatography to determine fluoride concentration levels. Statistics analyses were conducted using the software SPSS 25. RESULTS: Water samples were collected from 141 daycares in 35 municipalities. In municipalities that adjust fluoride content, public water is supplied by 8 Alberta Environment & Parks regulated water systems. Fluoride concentration in water samples examined at the endpoint ranged from 0.58 mg/L to 0.79 mg/L. The differences between fluoride concentration at the water treatment facilities and the daycares ranged from -0.03 to 0.22 mg/L. CONCLUSIONS: This study confirms that the concentration of fluoride adjusted at water treatment facilities in Alberta is maintained at endpoints at the approximate optimal level of 0.7 mg/L.

Oropharyngeal 3-dimensional changes after maxillary expansion with 2 different orthodontic approaches.

INTRODUCTION: The objective of this research was to compare the oropharyngeal volume and minimal cross-sectional area (MCA) changes after maxillary expansion using either the Damon system or Hyrax appliances as assessed through cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) imaging. METHODS: Patients aged between 11 and 17 years with skeletal maxillary transverse discrepancy in need of maxillary expansion were included and allocated randomly into 1 of the 2 treatment groups, Damon or Hyrax. Patients underwent CBCT imaging at 2 time points: T1, after initial clinical evaluation before treatment, and T2, after completion of full orthodontic treatment. The CBCT data were assessed using Dolphin software (Dolphin Imaging & Management Solutions, Chatsworth, Calif). In addition, a qualitative assessment of breathing function was done using the modified Nasal Obstruction and Septoplasty Effectiveness Scale questionnaire. RESULTS: A statistically significant increase in the oropharyngeal volume (2.23 mL; P = 0.005) and MCA (29.72 mm2; P = 0.007) after the completion of treatment (T2 - T1) for the Hyrax group was suggested. No statistically significant difference was found in the Damon group for volume (1 mL; P = 0.311) and for MCA (7.32 mm2; P = 0.643). In addition, no statistically significant difference was found in the breathing function in both treatment groups (P >0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Hyrax expansion followed by fixed appliances produced more dimensional upper airway changes at the oropharyngeal level than the Damon system approach. No breathing functional changes were noted in either samples.

Inspiration project: Motivation, experiences, messages of support, overcoming and prevention of suicidal behavior.

OBJECTIVES: The aim of that study was to analyze reasons for living, overcoming experiences and messages of support directed to people with suicidal behavior. RESULTS: The analysis resulted in the categories: "Social, Interpersonal and Emotional Stressors", "Emotional and Relational Needs", "Persistence and Resilience", "Counseling", and "Barriers to Help Someone at Risk of Suicide", in which was expressed the importance of social support, persistence and resilience, counseling people in distress and identifying important barriers to help someone at suicide risk. CONCLUSION: This study reveals experiences and behaviors related to helping people at risk, coping mechanisms, risk and protective factors related to suicide prevention.

Biofuel by-product can replace partially corn in supplement for Angus × Nellore heifers: productive performance and meat characteristics.

The aim of this is study was to test the hypothesis that corn can be partially replaced by crude glycerin (at a level of 50%) without affecting performance, ingestive behavior, ruminal parameters, meat composition, and fatty acids profile on the meat of heifers. Sixty-four intact plus four rumen cannulated Angus × Nellore heifers (359.0 ± 12.15 kg BW) were used. The cannulated animals received the same diets as the intact ones to determine the ruminal N-NH3 concentration, pH, and chewing activity weekly. All heifers were maintained in Brachiaria brizantha pasture and supplemented with a concentrate containing corn, soybean meal, urea, premixed minerals, and glycerin partially replacing corn. A completely randomized experimental design was used, with two treatments (corn ground or glycerin + corn ground). The inclusion of crude glycerin (high fat) decreased nutrients intake and ruminal N-NH3 concentration in the rumen but increased lipid intake. Inclusion of glycerin had no effect (P > 0.05) on ruminal pH, daily gain, performance, time spent eating, rumination, idling, or water intake. The moisture, ash, and protein contents of meat were not affected (P > 0.05) by crude glycerin intake. Crude glycerin increased saturated fatty acids (C14:0, C16:0, and C18:0) and decreased unsaturated fatty acids (C18:2n6c and C20:1) in meat. Despite the reduction in nutrient intake, we recommend crude glycerin to replace corn in concentrate because glycerin did not impair the performance, meat composition, and ruminal pH. Therefore, crude glycerin is a by-product that can partially replace corn in diets efficiently.

Lipid rich diet from sunflower seeds can alter the proportion of fatty acids on hybrid Beefalo × Nellore cattle.

We evaluated the lipid level effects in the diet on performance, carcass, and meat characteristics of forty-eight steers and heifers, F1 Beefalo (Bostaurus taurus × Bison bison hybrid) × Nellore (Bos taurus indicus), 22 months old, being 24 steers (393.2 ± 15 kg) and 24 heifers (278.4 ± 8 kg). The animals were distributed in a completely randomized design in a 4 × 2 factorial scheme (lipid levels in diet 55-, 65-, 75-, and 85-g/kg dry matter obtained by whole sunflower grain Helianthus annuus and two sexes). Increased amounts of sunflower grain in diet linearly reduce the proportion of saturated fatty acids (FA) in longissimus thoracis. Diets containing up to 85 g/kg of lipid can be used without negative effects on intake, carcass, and meat quality of Beefalo-Nellore steers and heifers and can be an effective strategy to reduce the proportion of saturated FA and increase unsaturated FA on the meat, which can be beneficial for human consumption.

Crambe meal and crude glycerin from biodiesel production in diets for finishing of crossbred cattle in feedlot.

Our hypothesis is that crambe meal can totally substitute soybean meal and crude glycerin can partially replace the corn in the diet without leading to losses of nutrient intake and productive performance. Two assays were performed using heifers and steers. In the first assay, 24 Beefalo-Nellore heifers with 18 months old with 311.5 ± 5.5 kg, and in the second assay, 24 Beefalo-Nellore steers with 18 months old with 317.0 ± 6.4 kg were evaluated. The experiment was carried out in a randomized complete design, in a 2 × 2 factorial scheme, consisting of two energy sources (corn and crude glycerin) and two protein sources (soybean meal and crambe meal). Both assays had 104 experimental days of feedlot. There was no interaction between the variation sources. There was an effect of protein source on nutrient intake for heifers except to neutral detergent fiber intake, which presented effect of energy source. Heifers fed soybean meal showed higher results for total weight gain and daily weight gain. There was observed effect of energy source on rib eye area and subcutaneous fat thickness. Steers fed soybean meal showed higher neutral detergent fiber intake and non-fibrous carbohydrates. Steers fed corn + crude glycerin showed higher results for total weight gain and daily weight gain. The steers fed soybean meal showed higher averages for subcutaneous fat thickness. Crambe meal and crude glycerin can be used as alternative sources of energy and protein to replace 100% of soybean and 50% of corn, respectively, for finishing Beefalo-Nellore cattle in a feedlot.

Potential of enzymatic process as an innovative technology to remove anticancer drugs in wastewater.

Anticancer drugs are a class of pharmaceutical compounds that have been found in hospital, domestic, and industrial wastewaters and also in surface waters. They have been showing recalcitrance to conventional wastewater treatment technologies and present a potential risk to environment and human health, since they exhibit cytotoxic, teratogenic, and carcinogenic among other effects in higher organisms, even at low concentrations. The presence of these compounds in the environment is a recent challenge for wastewater treatment and some alternative strategies to remove them were already studied, such as white-rot fungi (WRF) technologies. Despite promising results, processes involving fungi are complex, have high reaction times, and require nutrient addition for fungus growth and maintenance. Due to this potential, strategies to make the technology feasible were studied, such as the possibility for direct application of enzymes secreted by WRF. Enzymatic processes were studied in the removal of other pharmaceuticals such as antibiotics, anti-inflammatory, and steroid hormones; however, to the best of our knowledge, there is a gap on literature about their direct action on anticancer drugs.

Intraoral Imaging in Dental Private Practice - A Rectangular Collimator Study.

OBJECTIVE: To gain a better understanding of the extent to which rectangular collimation is being used in private practice and the barriers to adoption by practitioners. METHODS: Licensed dentists in private practice were asked to answer a survey composed of 17 multiple-choice questions and 1 open-ended question regarding demographics, radiation safety, image receptor type, intraoral imaging techniques and use of rectangular collimation. RESULTS: Among all participants (n = 82), 86.6% used digital systems (n = 71) and 13.4% conventional film (n = 11). Most (74.0%, n = 60) were aware of the benefits of using rectangular collimation, with 5.5% reporting not knowing of the existence of this device (n = 3). Only 12.9% of the dentists reported using rectangular collimation routinely (n = 10). The youngest and oldest age groups had the lowest compliance rates, 5.6% and 0%, respectively. CONCLUSION: Although 74.0%, (n = 60) of private practitioners were aware of the benefits of using rectangular collimation to reduce radiation dose, only 12.2% (n = 10) used it routinely for intraoral imaging. Barriers to implementing rectangular collimation in private practice settings included challenges in training support staff and fear of an increase in the occurrence of technical errors that would result in re-exposure of patients.

Effect of a trace mineral injection at weaning on growth, antioxidant enzymes activity, and immune system in Nellore calves.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of injectable trace minerals (ITM) at the time of weaning on growth, antioxidant, and immune response of Nellore (Bos indicus) calves. Weaned calves (n = 159; 213 ± 32 kg) were stratified by body weight (BW) and randomly assigned to 1 of 2 treatments: injection (1 mL/45 kg of BW) of saline or ITM. Saline solution consisted of 0.9% NaCl, whereas ITM had 60, 10, 5, and 15 mg/mL of Zn, Mn, Se, and Cu, respectively. The application of ITM increased (P ≤ 0.04) the plasma concentrations of superoxide dismutase on day 7 and plasma glutathione peroxidase on day 7 and day 21. The ITM calves had greater leukocyte concentration on day 64 (P = 0.04), whereas neutrophil and mast cell concentrations did not differ (P ≥ 0.67) between treatments. The ITM calves tended (P ≤ 0.08) to have greater concentrations of lymphocytes on day 64 and eosinophils on day 21, but not (P ≥ 0.15) monocytes, erythrocytes, hemoglobin, hematocrit, mean corpuscular volume, and mean corpuscular hemoglobin compared to saline calves. The ITM calves had less mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC; P = 0.02) and tended to have increased platelet concentrations on day 21 (P = 0.08). Growth performance did not differ between treatments (P ≥ 0.78). Thus, ITM at weaning did not impact growth performance, but increased plasma concentrations of antioxidant enzymes and blood platelets, improved components of the immune system, and reduced MCHC of Nellore calves.

Interleukin-17/interleukin-17 receptor axis elicits intestinal neutrophil migration, restrains gut dysbiosis and lipopolysaccharide translocation in high-fat diet-induced metabolic syndrome model.

Sound evidence supports a role for interleukin-17 (IL-17) -producing γδ T cells and IL-17-producing helper T (Th17) cells in intestinal homeostasis, especially in intestinal barrier integrity. In the present study, we aimed to evaluate the role of IL-17 cytokine in the regulation of intestinal immunity and obesity-induced metabolic syndrome (MetS) in an experimental murine model. C57BL/6 wild-type (WT) mice and mice lacking the IL-17 cytokine receptor (IL-17RA-/- ) were fed either a control diet (CD) or a high-fat diet (HFD) for 9 weeks. Our data demonstrate that IL-17RA-/- mice are protected against obesity, but develop hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance. In parallel, HFD-fed IL-17RA-/- mice display intense inflammation in the ileum compared with WT mice on the HFD. IL-17RA-/- mice fed the HFD exhibit impaired neutrophil migration to the intestinal mucosa and reduced gene expression of the CXCL-1 chemokine and CXCR-2 receptor in the ileum. Interestingly, the populations of neutrophils (CD11b+  Ly6G+ ) and anti-inflammatory macrophages (CD11b+  CX3CR1+ ) are increased in the mesenteric lymph nodes of these mice. IL-17RA-/- mice on the HFD also display increased commensal bacterial translocation into the bloodstream and elevated lipopolysaccharide (LPS) levels in the visceral adipose tissue (VAT). Metagenomic analysis of bacterial 16S gene revealed increased Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes phyla, the main representatives of Gram-negative bacteria, and reduced Akkermansia muciniphila in the fecal samples of IL-17RA-/- mice fed the HFD. Together, these data indicate that the IL-17/IL-17R axis drives intestinal neutrophil migration, limits gut dysbiosis and attenuates LPS translocation to VAT, resulting in protection to MetS.

Dental imaging of trabecular bone structure for systemic disorder screening: A systematic review.

The purpose of this systematic review was to evaluate the potential use of dental imaging assessment of trabecular bone structure in the maxillomandibular complex as an adjuvant screening tool to identify systemic disorders. Five electronic databases and grey literature were searched. Studies were included if they investigated subjects with altered trabecular bone determined by dental radiographs. The QUADAS-2 assessed the risk of bias (RoB) among the studies, while the GRADE determined the strength of evidence. A total of 14 studies that included 1,466 individuals were considered eligible for the qualitative analysis. All studies presented an overall low RoB and low concern regarding applicability. Systemic disorders such as osteoporosis, osteogenesis imperfecta, diabetes, and primary hyperparathyroidism, with their respective control groups, were analyzed among the included studies. Osteoporosis was the condition presenting the most significant results, and 72% of the studies detected changes in the maxillomandibular trabecular bone structure. Studies exploring diabetic edentulous patients found less dense trabecular bone pattern (p < 0.05). In summary, periapical and panoramic radiographs, computed tomography, and cone beam computed tomography imaging could be considered useful for the assessment of the mandibular trabecular bone structure of patients affected by osteoporosis and patients with diabetes.

Assistance related to suicidal behavior at a mobile emergency service: Sociodemographic and clinical associated factors.

It is important to investigate the care given to people with suicidal behavior, as it is an important predictor of future death by suicide and there is a lack of studies on this issue in Brazil. This study had the objective of investigating assistance related to suicidal behavior at a mobile emergency service and sociodemographic and clinical associated factors. This was a quantitative, cross-sectional study based on documental information. The data were collected through manual consultation of nursing records in which call-outs for suicidal behavior in the year 2014 were documented. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Chi-squared test, Fisher's exact test, correlation tests, and comparison of means tests. In the 313 records analyzed there was a predominance of adult women with self-inflicted drug poisoning, attended to in their own residence and referred to pre-hospital emergency medical services. There was a lack of documentation on signs, symptoms, and grievances in most cases. The interventions most carried out by the nurses were related to monitoring of clinical parameters. There were differences related to the victim's sex and lethality, suicide attempt method, referral to emergency services, and semester of occurrence (January-June, July-December). Suicide attempts through self-poisoning or self-inflicted injuries differed in relation to time of call-out, waiting time, lethality, documentation on clinical assessment and interventions, and referral to emergency services. This study enabled the charting of factors linked with suicidal behavior and associated factors; it offers reflections on limitations and nursing care potential in the prevention of reoccurrence of suicidal behavior.