RESUMO
We report here the discovery of a novel series of selective mTOR kinase inhibitors and the identification of CC214-2, a compound with demonstrated anti-tumor activity upon oral dosing in a PC3 prostate cancer xenograft model. A series of 4,6-disubstituted-3,4-dihydropyrazino[2,3-b]pyrazine-2(1H)-ones were discovered through a core modification of our original compound series. Analogs from this series have excellent mTOR potency and maintain selectivity over the related PI3Kα lipid kinase. Compounds such as CC214-2 were found to block both mTORC1(pS6) and mTORC2(pAktS473) signaling in PC3 cancer cells, in vitro and in vivo.
Assuntos
Antineoplásicos/química , Inibidores de Proteínas Quinases/química , Pirazinas/química , Serina-Treonina Quinases TOR/antagonistas & inibidores , Administração Oral , Animais , Antineoplásicos/farmacocinética , Antineoplásicos/uso terapêutico , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Proliferação de Células/efeitos dos fármacos , Avaliação Pré-Clínica de Medicamentos , Meia-Vida , Humanos , Masculino , Camundongos , Fosfatidilinositol 3-Quinases/metabolismo , Inibidores de Fosfoinositídeo-3 Quinase , Neoplasias da Próstata/tratamento farmacológico , Neoplasias da Próstata/metabolismo , Neoplasias da Próstata/patologia , Inibidores de Proteínas Quinases/farmacocinética , Inibidores de Proteínas Quinases/uso terapêutico , Proteínas Proto-Oncogênicas c-akt/metabolismo , Pirazinas/farmacocinética , Pirazinas/uso terapêutico , Pirazinas/toxicidade , Transdução de Sinais/efeitos dos fármacos , Serina-Treonina Quinases TOR/metabolismo , Transplante HeterólogoRESUMO
The serine/threonine specific protein kinase B-Raf is part of the MAPK pathway and is an interesting oncology target. We have identified thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidines as a core scaffold of small molecule B-Raf inhibitors. The SAR of analogs in this series will be described.
Assuntos
Química Farmacêutica/métodos , Inibidores de Proteínas Quinases/síntese química , Proteínas Proto-Oncogênicas B-raf/antagonistas & inibidores , Proteínas Proto-Oncogênicas B-raf/metabolismo , Pirimidinas/farmacologia , Cristalografia por Raios X/métodos , Nucleotídeo Cíclico Fosfodiesterase do Tipo 4/química , Desenho de Fármacos , Humanos , Concentração Inibidora 50 , Sistema de Sinalização das MAP Quinases , Modelos Químicos , Isoformas de Proteínas , Inibidores de Proteínas Quinases/farmacologia , Relação Estrutura-Atividade , Ureia/químicaRESUMO
We report here the discovery of a novel series of selective mTOR kinase inhibitors. A series of imidazo[4,5-b]pyrazin-2-ones, represented by screening hit 1, was developed into lead compounds with excellent mTOR potency and exquisite kinase selectivity. Potent compounds from this series show >1000-fold selectivity over the related PI3Kα lipid kinase. Further, compounds such as 2 achieve mTOR pathway inhibition, blocking both mTORC1 and mTORC2 signaling, in PC3 cancer cells as measured by inhibition of pS6 and pAkt (S473).
Assuntos
Inibidores de Proteínas Quinases/química , Inibidores de Proteínas Quinases/farmacologia , Pirazinas/química , Pirazinas/farmacologia , Serina-Treonina Quinases TOR/antagonistas & inibidores , Serina-Treonina Quinases TOR/metabolismo , Antineoplásicos/química , Antineoplásicos/farmacologia , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Descoberta de Drogas , Humanos , Modelos Moleculares , Neoplasias/tratamento farmacológico , Neoplasias/enzimologia , Fosfatidilinositol 3-Quinases/metabolismo , Proteínas Proto-Oncogênicas c-akt/metabolismo , Transdução de Sinais/efeitos dos fármacos , Relação Estrutura-AtividadeRESUMO
mTOR is a serine/threonine kinase that regulates cell growth, metabolism, proliferation, and survival. mTOR complex-1 (mTORC1) and mTOR complex-2 (mTORC2) are critical mediators of the PI3K-AKT pathway, which is frequently mutated in many cancers, leading to hyperactivation of mTOR signaling. Although rapamycin analogues, allosteric inhibitors that target only the mTORC1 complex, have shown some clinical activity, it is hypothesized that mTOR kinase inhibitors, blocking both mTORC1 and mTORC2 signaling, will have expanded therapeutic potential. Here, we describe the preclinical characterization of CC-223. CC-223 is a potent, selective, and orally bioavailable inhibitor of mTOR kinase, demonstrating inhibition of mTORC1 (pS6RP and p4EBP1) and mTORC2 [pAKT(S473)] in cellular systems. Growth inhibitory activity was demonstrated in hematologic and solid tumor cell lines. mTOR kinase inhibition in cells, by CC-223, resulted in more complete inhibition of the mTOR pathway biomarkers and improved antiproliferative activity as compared with rapamycin. Growth inhibitory activity and apoptosis was demonstrated in a panel of hematologic cancer cell lines. Correlative analysis revealed that IRF4 expression level associates with resistance, whereas mTOR pathway activation seems to associate with sensitivity. Treatment with CC-223 afforded in vivo tumor biomarker inhibition in tumor-bearing mice, after a single oral dose. CC-223 exhibited dose-dependent tumor growth inhibition in multiple solid tumor xenografts. Significant inhibition of mTOR pathway markers pS6RP and pAKT in CC-223-treated tumors suggests that the observed antitumor activity of CC-223 was mediated through inhibition of both mTORC1 and mTORC2. CC-223 is currently in phase I clinical trials.
Assuntos
Neoplasias/tratamento farmacológico , Pirazinas/farmacologia , Serina-Treonina Quinases TOR/antagonistas & inibidores , Ensaios Antitumorais Modelo de Xenoenxerto , Animais , Apoptose/efeitos dos fármacos , Western Blotting , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Proliferação de Células/efeitos dos fármacos , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Feminino , Células HCT116 , Células HEK293 , Humanos , Alvo Mecanístico do Complexo 1 de Rapamicina , Alvo Mecanístico do Complexo 2 de Rapamicina , Camundongos SCID , Estrutura Molecular , Complexos Multiproteicos/antagonistas & inibidores , Complexos Multiproteicos/metabolismo , Neoplasias/irrigação sanguínea , Neoplasias/metabolismo , Neovascularização Patológica/prevenção & controle , Inibidores de Proteínas Quinases/química , Inibidores de Proteínas Quinases/farmacologia , Pirazinas/química , Serina-Treonina Quinases TOR/metabolismo , Carga Tumoral/efeitos dos fármacosRESUMO
We report here the synthesis and structure-activity relationship (SAR) of a novel series of triazole containing mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) kinase inhibitors. SAR studies examining the potency, selectivity, and PK parameters for a series of triazole containing 4,6- or 1,7-disubstituted-3,4-dihydropyrazino[2,3-b]pyrazine-2(1H)-ones resulted in the identification of triazole containing mTOR kinase inhibitors with improved PK properties. Potent compounds from this series were found to block both mTORC1(pS6) and mTORC2(pAktS473) signaling in PC-3 cancer cells, in vitro and in vivo. When assessed in efficacy models, analogs exhibited dose-dependent efficacy in tumor xenograft models. This work resulted in the selection of CC-115 for clinical development.
Assuntos
Desenho de Fármacos , Inibidores de Proteínas Quinases/química , Inibidores de Proteínas Quinases/farmacologia , Pirazinas/química , Pirazinas/farmacologia , Serina-Treonina Quinases TOR/antagonistas & inibidores , Triazóis/química , Triazóis/farmacologia , Animais , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Proliferação de Células/efeitos dos fármacos , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Humanos , Simulação de Acoplamento Molecular , Conformação Proteica , Inibidores de Proteínas Quinases/metabolismo , Inibidores de Proteínas Quinases/farmacocinética , Pirazinas/metabolismo , Pirazinas/farmacocinética , Ratos , Transdução de Sinais/efeitos dos fármacos , Relação Estrutura-Atividade , Serina-Treonina Quinases TOR/química , Serina-Treonina Quinases TOR/metabolismo , Triazóis/metabolismo , Triazóis/farmacocinética , Ensaios Antitumorais Modelo de XenoenxertoRESUMO
We report here the synthesis and structure-activity relationship (SAR) of a novel series of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) kinase inhibitors. A series of 4,6- or 1,7-disubstituted-3,4-dihydropyrazino[2,3-b]pyrazine-2(1H)-ones were optimized for in vivo efficacy. These efforts resulted in the identification of compounds with excellent mTOR kinase inhibitory potency, with exquisite kinase selectivity over the related lipid kinase PI3K. The improved PK properties of this series allowed for exploration of in vivo efficacy and ultimately the selection of CC-223 for clinical development.