The holocaust of the disabled.

The Holocaust is commonly known as the genocide perpetrated by the Nazi regime which killed six million European Jews. Not many people know, however, that another holocaust took place at the same time: the holocaust of the disabled. As Hitler pursued a strategic vision of a dominant, pure Aryan race, any inferior and weak human being was exterminated. A brief consideration is called for in order to not forget the horrifying events that took place at the beginning of the last century and in order to re-shape our concept of normality.

René Favaloro: the heart surgeon.

The story of René Favaloro is almost unknown to the general public. Christian Barnard, the cardiac surgeon who performed the world's first human-to-human heart transplant, is much more famous than him; still, nowadays many more lives are saved thanks to Favaloro's work rather than to heart transplants. This paper wants to pay tribute to a great doctor and an extraordinary man: René Favaloro.

Tropical western and central Pacific marine heatwave data calculated from gridded sea surface temperature observations and CMIP6.

Processed marine heatwave metrics are provided for the tropical western and central Pacific Ocean region (120°E-140°W, 40°S-15°N). The metrics are computed from daily sea surface temperature (SST) data, from both observations and models. The observed marine heatwave data are calculated from NOAA 0.25° daily Optimum Interpolation Sea Surface Temperature (OISST) over the period 1982-2019. The modelled marine heatwave data are from analysis of 18 model simulations as part of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project, Phase 6 (CMIP6) over the period 1982-2100, where two future scenarios have been analysed. The marine heatwave data are provided on a grid point basis across the domain. Marine heatwave timeseries metrics are also provided for three case study regions: Fiji, Samoa, and Palau.

Health and Illness in History, Science and Society.

Health is a fundamental human right. The World Health Organization defines it as a "state of complete physical, psychological and social well - being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity". The health of individuals, however, is also linked to the environment in which they live and especially to their ability to adapt and integrate into their life context. The relationship with the environment is extremely important because it is that interaction that outlines the concept of normality compared to pathology. Such normality needs to be contextualised by gender, geographical origin and by the individuals' living conditions: as a matter of fact, what is normal for a young person may differ from what is normal for a senior one. That is to say, the concept of health is indeed relative and it is the result of an interesting evolution of the concept of illness. From the first approaches - dealing with the mere treatment of the symptoms - to the promise of a free-from-pain society, science and economics have played a significant role in redefining the dualism health/ illness. The article reflects on these two concepts, health and illness, in history and nowadays, and discusses the future of the medical science.