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OBJECTIVE: This PUBA study aimed to assess the efficacy of fractional CO2 laser in the treatment of genitourinary syndrome of menopause (GSM). METHODS: GSM symptoms were assessed before, 1 month after the first session and 1 month after the third session of laser (3 sessions with a 30 days interval between them) in 60 women (median, interquartile range: 55, 49-69). Subjective (visual analog scale) and objective (Vaginal Health Index, VHIS; Vaginal Maturity Index/Frost Index; Spanish Overactive Bladder Questionnaire-Short Form, USMEX Spanish OAB-qSF and Female Sexual Function Index, FSFI) measures were used during the study period to assess CO2 fractionated laser treatment outcomes compared to baseline. RESULTS: Fractional CO2 laser treatment was effective to improve GSM symptoms (vaginal dryness, vaginal itching, vaginal burning, dyspaurenia, dysuria, urinary urgency; P < 0.001) after three sessions, as well as VHIS (median, interquartile range: 13, 10-15 at baseline vs. 21, 20-23 at the fourth month follow up; P < 0.001), Frost Index (median, interquartile range: 28, 24-31 at baseline vs. 8, 6-10 at the fourth month follow up; P < 0.001), USMEX (median, interquartile range: 56, 46-68 at baseline vs 14, 13-16 at the fourth month follow up: P < 0,001) and FSFI (median, interquartile range: 5, 2-14 at baseline vs 30, 28-32). CONCLUSIONS: In this sample, the data suggests that fractionated CO2 laser is an effective alternative for GSM treatment with positive outcomes that persists over time. Lasers Surg. Med. 51:509-515, 2019. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Doenças Urogenitais Femininas/terapia , Terapia a Laser , Lasers de Gás/uso terapêutico , Menopausa , Idoso , Feminino , Doenças Urogenitais Femininas/etnologia , Doenças Urogenitais Femininas/etiologia , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Peru , Avaliação de Sintomas , Síndrome , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
Neuromas of the bile duct develop from the sympathetic and parasympathetic nerve fibers that surround the wall of the bile duct. A 44-year-old woman with a history of conventional cholecystectomy six months prior to hospital admission attended emergency due to obstructive jaundice that lasted 15 days. In the imaging studies, the presence of a mass at the level of the bile ducts is considered, considering the diagnosis of a malignant neoplasm. Due to the antecedents, the absence of tumor markers, it was decided to perform a percutaneous biopsy without conclusive results, performing later a surgical intervention with anatomopathological study compatible with neuroma of biliary tract amputation. The amputation neuroma at the level of the bile duct is an infrequent tumor. It can manifest clinically as obstructive jaundice and usually simulates a malignant tumor of the bile ducts. Surgical management is the definitive treatment.
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Colecistectomia/efeitos adversos , Neoplasias do Ducto Colédoco/complicações , Icterícia Obstrutiva/etiologia , Neuroma/complicações , Complicações Pós-Operatórias , Adulto , Neoplasias do Ducto Colédoco/patologia , Feminino , Humanos , Neuroma/patologia , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/patologiaRESUMO
Objective: To determine the quality of systematic reviews submitted as a thesis in the Medical School of Ricardo Palma University. Methods: We conducted a systematic review. We included systematic reviews submitted as theses from Ricardo Palma University, and we excluded narrative reviews, editorials, clinical experiments, and those with incomplete data. We performed a structured search on EMBASE, PubMed, Scopus, and Institutional Repository from the Ricardo Palma University and RENATI. The risk of bias assessment was performed through the AMSTAR-2 and the modified AMSTAR-2 tools. The primary outcome was review quality. A qualitative synthesis of the information was performed. Results: One thousand four hundred eighty-seven theses were identified, and exclusion criteria were applied, whereby 11 theses were selected for review and thorough consultation. Of the 11 selected theses, and through the AMSTAR-2 and modified AMSTAR-2 tools, the findings reached were that 90.9% of the included theses presented critically low quality that was not modified even when the quality was reevaluated after its publication as a scientific article. Conclusion: The systematic reviews presented as undergraduate thesis in the Medical School of Ricardo Palma University showed low and critically low quality. Improvement in systematic review training is required for both students and institutional advisors.
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Adenocarcinoma/diagnóstico , Antígenos de Neoplasias/sangue , Biomarcadores Tumorais/sangue , Detecção Precoce de Câncer/economia , Proteínas de Neoplasias/sangue , Neoplasias da Próstata/diagnóstico , Adenocarcinoma/sangue , Adenocarcinoma/economia , Região do Caribe , Análise Custo-Benefício , Países em Desenvolvimento/economia , Humanos , América Latina , Masculino , Neoplasias da Próstata/sangue , Neoplasias da Próstata/economia , Sensibilidade e EspecificidadeRESUMO
Purpose: It has been reported that intravitreal Ziv-aflibercept is a safe and effective drug for the treatment of diabetes macular edema (DME). The objective of this study was to evaluate in a real-life setting, the efficacy of intravitreal Ziv-aflibercept in the treatment of DME after the administration of three consecutive monthly doses. Methods: A single arm, prospective cohort study. We included patients with DME who received three doses of intravitreal Ziv-aflibercept. Data such as best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and tomographic biomarkers before treatment and a month after the third dose were collected. DME was staged using the Panozzo classification. Results: Thirty-eight patients participated for a total of 53 eyes. The mean age was 59 ± 8.1 years. We observed significant changes after the third dose in the parameters studied (BCVA in LogMAR pre-treatment (0.6 ± 0.33) and post-treatment (0.4 ± 0.29) [p<0.001], macular thickness pre-treatment (501 ± 167 µm) and post-treatment (324 ± 114 µm) [p<0.001], macular volume pre-treatment 10.8 (7.5-17.8) mm3 and post-treatment 9.3 (0-13.6) mm3 [p<0.005]). And 73.6% of the patients presented an advanced severe stage during their pre-treatment evaluation and after post-treatment, 64.2% of the patients no longer presented edema. No systemic or ocular adverse events occurred. Conclusion: The use of three consecutive monthly doses of intravitreal Ziv-aflibercept in a real-life setting is effective and safe in the management of diabetic macular edema.
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During acute SARS-CoV-2 infection, there is persistent deregulation of the immune system that can last up to 8 months after the acute condition is controlled. This, added to other factors, is possibly associated with an increased risk of the appearance and concurrence of autoimmune diseases. The simultaneous occurrence of GBS and ITP has been rarely reported in the literature, and GBS is rarely associated with another autoimmune disease. We present the case of a man who, one month after his recovery from acute moderate COVID-19, presented concurrent GBS and ITP with an adequate response to treatment.
Durante la infección aguda por el SARVS-CoV-2 se produce una desregulación del sistema inmune que puede durar hasta ocho meses después de controlado el cuadro agudo. Esto, sumado a otros factores, posiblemente este asociado con un aumento del riesgo de aparición y concurrencia de enfermedades autoinmunes. La aparición simultanea del síndrome de Guillain-Barré (SGB) y púrpura trombocitopénica (PTI) se ha reportado poco en la literatura, y el SGB raramente se asocia con otra enfermedad autoinmune. Presentamos el caso de un varón que luego de un mes de tener un cuadro agudo de COVID-19 moderado, presentó concurrentemente SGB y PTI con respuesta adecuada al tratamiento.
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COVID-19 , Síndrome de Guillain-Barré , Púrpura Trombocitopênica Idiopática , COVID-19/complicações , Síndrome de Guillain-Barré/complicações , Síndrome de Guillain-Barré/terapia , Humanos , Masculino , Púrpura Trombocitopênica Idiopática/complicações , SARS-CoV-2 , Síndrome de COVID-19 Pós-AgudaRESUMO
The impact caused by the 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in different parts of the world, currently reaches 745, 308 infected and 35,307 deaths according to the latest reports. In this context, in our country, an area of ââepidemiological relevance is the Peruvian Amazon, due to the distribution of endemic diseases such as metaxemic diseases (Dengue, Malaria, among others), where the problem increases due to the COVID infection. -19 can lead to false positives in Dengue screening tests. Thus leading to a delay in the diagnosis of COVID-19 infection and further spread of the virus, since in most cases of Dengue there are no warning signs and treatment is ambulatory. This article seeks to express an opinion on the need to address cases of coinfection between Dengue and Covid-19 in endemic areas.
El impacto que ha originado la enfermedad por coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) en diferentes partes del mundo, alcanza en la actualidad 597, 072 personas contagiadas y 27,364 fallecidas según los últimos reportes. En ese contexto, en nuestro país, una zona de relevancia epidemiológica es la amazonia peruana, debido a la distribución de enfermedades endémicas como las enfermedades metaxénicas (Dengue, Malaria entre otras), en donde el problema se incrementa debido a que la infección por COVID-19 puede llevar a falsos positivos en las pruebas de cribado para Dengue. Conllevando de esa forma a un retraso en el diagnóstico de la infección por COVID-19 y una mayor diseminación del virus, debido a que en la mayor parte de los casos de Dengue no se presentan signos de alarma y el tratamiento es ambulatorio. Este artículo busca emitir una opinión sobre la necesidad del abordaje de casos de coinfección entre Dengue y Covid-19 en zonas endémicas.
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Betacoronavirus , Coinfecção , Infecções por Coronavirus/epidemiologia , Dengue/epidemiologia , Doenças Endêmicas , Pneumonia Viral/epidemiologia , COVID-19 , Infecções por Coronavirus/diagnóstico , Dengue/diagnóstico , Reações Falso-Positivas , Humanos , Pandemias , Peru/epidemiologia , Pneumonia Viral/diagnóstico , SARS-CoV-2RESUMO
Sr. Editor: Los resultados de Cano-García et al. (1) en el último estudio publicado sobre la profilaxis antibiótica con ciprofloxacino en uretrocistoscopia flexible (UF) son claros y fuertes, si bien la pregunta clínica pudo ser respondida mediante un estudio de intervención (ensayo clínico), el diseño utilizado es bueno y aproximado pero difiriendo de algunos puntos claves: aleatorización, denominación de grupo control y asignación del tratamiento. Que le dan riesgo de sesgo, pero que no invalidan los resultados. Nosotros remarcamos que las conclusiones han sido equivalentes a los resultados de los ensayos clínicos realizados en poblaciones similares como el estudio de Jiménez-Pacheco et al. (2), que encuentran que una población seleccionada y con medidas de asepsia adecuadas, la profilaxis no muestra reducción clínicamente relevante en la incidencia de ITU en pacientes sometidos a UF, así mismo Arrabal et al. (3), quienes añadieron fosfomicina en su diseño, comparando tres grupos (no intervención, fosfomicina y ciprofloxacino) reportan que no disminuye la presencia de infección ni bacteriuria posterior a la UF. Sumándose a esta evidencia, una revisión sistemática con metaanálisis (RSM) publicado por Garcia-Perdomo et al. (4), concluye que la evidencia no es muy fuerte para recomendar profilaxis en UF y la necesidad de realizar ensayos clínicos con mejores diseños. Carey et al. (5), en otra RSM no recomiendan el uso de profilaxis antibiótica en UF de manera rutinaria, llevando a ser más robustos los resultados de Cano-Garcia et al...
Sr. Editor:Los resultados de Cano-García et al. (1) en el último estudio publicado sobre la profilaxis antibióticacon ciprofloxacino en uretrocistoscopia flexible (UF) son claros y fuertes, si bien la pregunta clínica pudo serrespondida mediante un estudio de intervención (ensayo clínico), el diseño utilizado es bueno y aproximado perodifiriendo de algunos puntos claves: aleatorización, denominación de grupo control y asignación del tratamiento.Que le dan riesgo de sesgo, pero que no invalidan los resultados.Nosotros remarcamos que las conclusiones han sido equivalentes a los resultados de los ensayos clínicosrealizados en poblaciones similares como el estudio de Jiménez-Pacheco et al. (2), que encuentran que unapoblación seleccionada y con medidas de asepsia adecuadas, la profilaxis no muestra reducción clínicamenterelevante en la incidencia de ITU en pacientes sometidos a UF, así mismo Arrabal et al. (3), quienes añadieronfosfomicina en su diseño, comparando tres grupos (no intervención, fosfomicina y ciprofloxacino) reportan queno disminuye la presencia de infección ni bacteriuria posterior a la UF. Sumándose a esta evidencia, una revisiónsistemática con metaanálisis (RSM) publicado por Garcia-Perdomo et al. (4), concluye que la evidencia no es muyfuerte para recomendar profilaxis en UF y la necesidad de realizar ensayos clínicos con mejores diseños. Careyet al. (5), en otra RSM no recomiendan el uso de profilaxis antibiótica en UF de manera rutinaria, llevando a sermás robustos los resultados de Cano-Garcia et al...
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Antibioticoprofilaxia , Cistoscopia , Região do Caribe , América LatinaRESUMO
Background: Penile necrosis is a rare condition that may present in patients with diabetes mellitus or chronic kidney disease (CKD). The recommended treatment is controversial. We report a case of penile necrosis in a diabetic patient caused by episode of paraphimosis associated with uremic arteriopathy treated with partial amputation. Clinical Case: A 53-year-old male with a background of arterial hypertension, diabetes mellitus and CKD in hemodialysis. The patient presented with paraphimosis and glans necrosis. An emergency circumcision was carried out. A doppler ultrasound found fluid collection in the left corpus cavernosum, parietal vascular calcifications and vascular insufficiency in the corpus cavernosum that suggested necrosis. A partial amputation of the penis was carried out. After three years of follow-up, the outcome has remained favorable. Conclusions: Penile necrosis is a rare but serious complication of terminal CKD. In these patients, systemic calciphylaxis is usually observed. The main take-away lesson is that a multidisciplinary approach is necessary.
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Calciofilaxia , Falência Renal Crônica , Parafimose , Doenças do Pênis , Calciofilaxia/complicações , Humanos , Falência Renal Crônica/complicações , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Necrose/complicações , Parafimose/complicações , Doenças do Pênis/complicações , Diálise RenalRESUMO
Infectious meningitis is a medical emergency. Within the spectrum of infectious agents, the most important is Streptococcus pneumoniae, the most frequent etiological agent of bacterial meningitis. The initiation of empirical antimicrobial treatment bears great importance and considers third-generation cephalosporins as the first alternative. However, cases of ceftriaxone resistance have been reported in several regions of the world. This has become an emerging problem in need of reconsideration of the current empirical antibiotic treatment schemes. We present the case of a 56-year old man with acute infectious meningitis caused by ceftriaxone-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae, who responded favorably to combined empirical treatment with ceftriaxone and vancomycin and to whom, during his hospital stay, the presence of hypothyroidism and mega cisterna magna was diagnosed.
La meningitis infecciosa es una emergencia médica. Dentro del espectro de agentes infecciosos, el más importante es el Streptococcus pneumoniae, agente etiológico más frecuente de la meningitis bacteriana. El inicio de tratamiento antimicrobiano empírico es de gran importancia y considera a las cefalosporinas de tercera generación como la primera alternativa. Sin embargo, casos de resistencia a ceftriaxona han sido reportados en diversas partes del mundo, siendo un problema emergente, por lo que necesita una reconsideración de los esquemas antibióticos empíricos actuales. Presentamos el caso de un varón de 56 años que presenta meningitis aguda infecciosa por Streptococcus pneumoniae resistente a ceftriaxona, que respondió favorablemente al tratamiento empírico combinado con ceftriaxona y vancomicina y que durante su estadía hospitalaria se detectó la presencia de hipotiroidismo y megacisterna magna.
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Antibacterianos/administração & dosagem , Ceftriaxona/administração & dosagem , Meningite Pneumocócica/tratamento farmacológico , Vancomicina/administração & dosagem , Farmacorresistência Bacteriana , Quimioterapia Combinada , Humanos , Masculino , Meningite Pneumocócica/microbiologia , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Streptococcus pneumoniae/isolamento & purificação , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: Even though there is no established standard therapy for Eosinophilic cystitis (EC), the series of cases guide us in the treatment of patients. We report our therapeutic experience with hydrodistention and complementary methods. In order to establish a standard treatment in patients with EC. METHODS: Retrospective review of the clinical history of a patient diagnosed with eosinophilic cystitis. RESULTS: A 66-year-old woman presented female urethral syndrome 1 year before and was initially treated as a chronic cystitis. After further investigations including cystoscopy and bladder biopsy, she was diagnosed with EC.Urothelial mucosa bleeding was evidenced and cauterization and hydrodistention were performed. After the surgical treatment, corticosteroids and antibiotics were initiated.The maintenance treatment was continued with Vitamin C, Maurita flexuosa and Peumus boldus. The patient's condition has been improving and she is still asymptomatic one year later. CONCLUSION: The efficacy of treatment with hydrodistention, corticosteroids and antibiotics showed positive results in short and long term in this patient. Vitamin C, Maurita flexuosa and Peumus boldus showed favorable results in EC maintenance treatment.
OBJETIVO: A pesar de que no existe una terapia estándar establecida para la cistitis eosinofílica (CE), la serie de casos nos guía en el tratamiento de los pacientes. Presentamos nuestra experiencia terapéutica con hidrodistensión y métodos complementarios. Con el fin de establecer un tratamiento estándar en pacientes con CE.MÉTODOS: Revisión retrospectiva de la historia clínica de un paciente con diagnóstico de cistitis eosinofílica. RESULTADOS: Una mujer de 66 años presentó síndrome uretral femenino hace un año y fue tratada inicialmente como una cistitis crónica. Después de más investigaciones incluyendo una cistoscopia y una biopsia de la vejiga, se le diagnosticó CE. Se evidenció sangrado de la mucosa urotelial y se realizaron cauterización e hidrodistensión. Después del tratamiento quirúrgico, se iniciaron corticosteroides y antibióticos. El tratamiento de mantenimiento se continuó con Vitamina C, Maurita flexuosa y Peumus boldus. La condición del paciente ha mejorado y sigue estando asintomática un año después.CONCLUSIÓN: La eficacia del tratamiento con hidrodistención, corticosteroides y antibióticos mostró resultados positivos a corto y largo plazo en este paciente. La vitamina C, Maurita flexuosa y Peumus boldus mostraron resultados favorables en el tratamiento de mantenimiento de CE.
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Cistite , Eosinofilia , Idoso , Antibacterianos/uso terapêutico , Cistite/terapia , Cistoscopia , Eosinofilia/terapia , Feminino , Humanos , Estudos RetrospectivosRESUMO
Introducción : los reportes de caso son un tipo de publicación biomédica que nos permiten compartir experiencias tanto de la etiología, diagnostico, terapéutica y pronóstico de eventos anecdóticos que ocurren tanto en uno como en varios pacientes durante la práctica clínica. Objetivo : elaborar recomendaciones metodológicas para la elaboración de la discusión de un reporte de caso clínico. Métodos : se realizó una revisión narrativa de lineamientos internacionales y evidencia disponible. Resultados: se ubicaron un total de 411 227 artículos, seleccionándose finalmente a 10 artículos de revisión narrativa. Discusión : la discusión es la sección más relevante del reporte de caso pese a considerarse por algunas revistas como un aporte opcional. Recomendamos para la elaboración de la discusión, seguir los siguientes cuatro pasos: a) hallazgo y comparación con la evidencia actual, b) fundamentación de la causalidad de los hallazgos, c) limitaciones y fortalezas en el manejo del caso expuesto e d) implicaciones clínicas y perspectivas para el futuro. Conclusión: se recomienda seguir los cuatro pasos secuenciales para la elaboración de la discusión y evaluar su impacto en la producción científica en estudiantes de pregrado y postgrado.
Introduction: Case reports are a type of biomedical publication that allow us to share experiences regarding the etiology, diagnosis, therapeutics, and prognosis of anecdotal events that occur both in one and in several patients during clinical practice. Objetivo: To elaborate methodological recommendations for the elaboration of the discussion of a clinical case report. Methods: A narrative review of international guidelines and available evidence was carried out. Results: A total of 411,227 articles were located, finally selecting 10 narrative review articles. Discussion: The discussion is the most relevant section of the case report despite being considered by some journals as an optional contribution. We recommend for the elaboration of the discussion, to follow the following four steps: a) finding and comparison with the current evidence, b) justification of the causality of the findings, c) limitations and strengths in the management of the exposed case and d) clinical implications and prospects for the future. Conclusion: It is recommended to follow the four sequential steps for the elaboration of the discussion and to evaluate its impact on the scientific production in undergraduate and postgraduate students.
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El trasplante de médula ósea, conocido actualmente como trasplante de progenitores hematopoyéticos (TPH), implica la infusión de células progenitoras hematopoyéticas sanas a pacientes con médula ósea disfuncional, disminuida o comprometida por neoplasias hematológicas. Desde su primera exploración en seres humanos en la década de 1950 basados en los resultados obtenidos en modelos animales, en la actualidad, en Europa y países colaboradores se han realizado más de un millón de procedimientos, gracias además a una red internacional de registro de donantes de medula ósea y al avance de la tecnología en cuanto al tratamiento de soporte, la detección temprana de complicaciones y la tipificación de la histocompatibilidad (HLA) con las que se puede seleccionar mejor a los donante potenciales.
Bone marrow transplantation, currently known as hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT), involves the infusion of stem cells healthy hematopoietic cells to patients with dysfunctional bone marrow, diminished or compromised by hematological neoplasms. Since its rst exploration in humans in the 1950s based on the results obtained in animal models, more than one million procedures have now been performed in Europe and collaborating countries. Early detection of complications and histocompatibility typing (HLA) with which potential donors can be better-selected thanks to an international donor registry network of bone marrow and the advancement of technology in terms of support treatment.
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RESUMEN Durante la infección aguda por el SARVS-CoV-2 se produce una desregulación del sistema inmune que puede durar hasta ocho meses después de controlado el cuadro agudo. Esto, sumado a otros factores, posiblemente este asociado con un aumento del riesgo de aparición y concurrencia de enfermedades autoinmunes. La aparición simultanea del síndrome de Guillain-Barré (SGB) y púrpura trombocitopénica (PTI) se ha reportado poco en la literatura, y el SGB raramente se asocia con otra enfermedad autoinmune. Presentamos el caso de un varón que luego de un mes de tener un cuadro agudo de COVID-19 moderado, presentó concurrentemente SGB y PTI con respuesta adecuada al tratamiento.
ABSTRACT During acute SARS-CoV-2 infection, there is persistent deregulation of the immune system that can last up to 8 months after the acute condition is controlled. This, added to other factors, is possibly associated with an increased risk of the appearance and concurrence of autoimmune diseases. The simultaneous occurrence of GBS and ITP has been rarely reported in the literature, and GBS is rarely associated with another autoimmune disease. We present the case of a man who, one month after his recovery from acute moderate COVID-19, presented concurrent GBS and ITP with an adequate response to treatment.