[Detection of porcine Circovirus type 2 and Torque-Teno-Sus-virus 1 and 2 in semen samples of boars from an Austrian artificial insemination centre]. / Nachweis des porzinen Circovirus Typ 2 und des Torque-Teno-Sus-Virus 1 und 2 in Samenproben von Ebern einer österreichischen Besamungsstation.

OBJECTIVE: Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV-2) and torque-teno-sus- viruses (TTSuV) are ubiquitous in all pig-producing countries. Both pathogens are transmitted horizontally as well as vertically, and semen could be an important means of transmission. Aim of this study was the investigation of the prevalence of these two viruses in boar semen. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Single semen samples from 100 boars from an artificial insemination centre were analysed by quantitative real time PCR for PCV2 and by conventional PCR for TTSuV-1 and TTSuV-2. RESULTS: Only one Piétrain boar of age of 47months showed a measurable PCV-2 quantity of 7.56x10³/ml semen. Four samples were PCR-positive for TTSuV-1, and five for TTVSu-2, while in a single co-infection both TTSuVs were detected.All TTSuV-positive samples originated from Piétrain boars. CONCLUSION AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: This study represents the first description of TTSuV presence in semen in Austria. The prevalence of TTSuV as well as PCV-2 was low. The clinical relevance of a simultaneous contamination of boar semen with both pathogens remains unclear.

Transrectal ultrasonography as a follow-up method in prostatic carcinoma after external beam and interstitial radiotherapy.

Transrectal ultrasonography and ultrasonometrics were employed for follow-up in a total of 28 prostatic carcinoma patients subjected to external beam or interstitial radiotherapy. These two methods permit more accurate staging of prostatic carcinoma and have also proved to be valuable in the follow-up care of patients suffering from locoregional prostatic carcinoma. Of the 20 patients subjected to external beam radiotherapy four patients initially did not show capsular infiltration, 2B2, 2A2, whereas 16 patients presented with infiltration of the capsule and seminal vesicles. After external beam radiotherapy the ultrasonomorphologic findings of four patients revealed a sharply demarcated capsule and unremarkable seminal vesicles, which indicated tumour regression. Of five patients with infiltration of the pelvic floor and/or seminal vesicles, three showed definite tumour regression, whereas the ultrasonograms of the other two patients demonstrated tumour progression despite radiotherapy. In eight patients the greatest reduction in tumour volume was found one year after interstitial radiotherapy. Only one patient, initially presenting with slight infiltration of the capsule, was shown to have infiltration of the capsule and seminal vesicles after interstitial radiotherapy. At follow-up, evaluation of the echo patterns in these patients was inaccurate on account of the dense echoes reflected by the seeds implanted.

[The nutritional effects of the "classical" steal syndrome. (Steal syndrome--effect or phenomenon?) (author's transl)]. / Der nutritive Effekt der "klassischen" Steal-Syndrome (Steal-Syndrom, Effekt oder-Phänomen?)

Since the steal syndrome was first described, many symptoms have, rightly or wrongly, been ascribed to this. The classical steal syndrome, as described by Revich et al for the subclavian artery, produces special nutritional effects, but these are also found in other vascular territories, particularly when the unpaired branches of the abdominal aorta are involved. The abnormal haemodynamics in a circumscribed arterial territory can be demonstrated radiologically before the full syndrome has developed. It would therefore be more precise to speak of a steal phenomenon or steal effect depending on whether there are objective or subjective changes.

[The post-traumatic arteriovenous symptom complex (author's transl)]. / Der posttraumatische arteriovenöse Symptomenkomplex.

The post-traumatic arteriovenous symptom complex is an atypical manifestation of saccular arterial and arteriovenous aneurysms. Prominent in this condition is venous obstruction accompanied by abnormal arterial flow. Treatment for this condition is unsatisfactory, and the complex consists of a trio of venous and arterial obstruction and resistance to therapy. The complex can be recognised by a typical pulse form and the diagnosis can be confirmed by angiography of the affected limb.

[The value of angiography after shooting injuries (author's transl)]. / Der Wert der Angiographie nach Schussverletzungen.

Angiography after shooting injuries may have to be carried out as an emergency in the acute stage, because of vessel injury, or because of early or late complications. Of twelve examinations, one-third were carried out during the acute phase and more than half for late complications. In order to prevent serious late complications, it is necessary to perform angiography in the acute stage, even when the injuries appear to be of a minor nature. This has been our own experience and is shared by others. If angiography is not carried out in the acute phase, for whatever reason, the examination should be performed at a later stage, if there is the slightest chance of an arterial injury.

[Active and passive vascular involvement in tumours and tumour-like processes in the extremities (author's transl)]. / Die aktive und passive Gefässbeteiligung an Tumoren und tumorartigen Prozessen der Extremitäten.

Angiography for tumours of the extremities may demonstrate active or passive involvement of vessels by the tumour. This technique has been used for a considerable time for the diagnosis and differentiation of bone tumours. Angiography is particularly suitable for distinguishing between benign and malignant tumours of soft tissues. Non-neoplastic space-occupying lesions which can be elucidated by angiography include aneurysms, haematomas, inflammatory processes and abscesses.

[A comparison of radiographic and operative findings in lumbar disc prolapse (author's transl)]. / Eine Gegenüberstellung Röntgenbild--Operationsbefund bei lumbalen Bandscheibenerkrankungen.

Myelography with water soluble contrast is a valuable method of diagnosis for suspected disc prolapse. In our experience complications are rare and therefore the indications for contrast examinations should not be too strict. Only in this way is it possible to localise the level accurately, so that surgical intervention can be confined to the appropriate level.

[Injuries of the intracranial arteries in the angiogram]. / Verletzungen intrakranieller Arterien im Angiogramm.

Damage to intracranial arteries was demonstrated angiographically in 24 patients with severe trauma to the skull and brain. The most common abnormalities were damage to the intima and traumatic carotid-cavernous fistulae (nine cases each). In addition, there were six traumatic aneurysms of the internal carotid artery, two extravasates from ruptured intracranial branches and one traumatic A-V fistula between the middle meningeal artery and the spheno-parietal sinus. The arterial damage was diagnosed either during the acute stage or after a latent period of days and weeks, if there were signs of intracranial bleeding or other evidence of vascular damage. Cerebral angiography in two or more projections is the method of choice for demonstrating even minor vascular lesions.

[100 years of roentgen rays. The contribution of Austrian scientists to discovery and applications]. / Hundert Jahre Röntgenstrahlen. Der Beitrag österreichischer Wissenschaftler zu ihrer Entdeckung und Nutzung.

In January 1896 experiments were made around the world with cathode-tubes to test Röntgen's paper "a new kind of rays". Mostly hands without pathological variations were X-rayed. At the same time in Vienna the clinical applications of X-rays were investigated. Two patients were successfully operated on after X-ray-examination. Remarkable for that time was an X-ray of an arteriogram of the arm of a dead person. It was made on 17th January 1896. The experiments with Lenard's cathode-tube were important for the discovery of X-rays. His experimentation was the inspiration for Röntgen's discovery of X-rays.

[Complete occlusion of the aortic arch in an adult (author's transl)]. / Kompletter Verschluss des Aortenbogens beim Erwachsenen.

This paper reports the case of a 55-year-old patient with complete obstruction of the aorta between the left common carotid artery and the left subclavian artery. The arterial blood supply to the lower half of the body is provided by extensive collateral networks in the region of the right hemithorax, the neck and the base of the brain. Only 10 similar cases appear to have been described in the literature; our patient seems to be the oldest so far.

Fibroepithelial hamartoma in a domestic pig.

This case report is the first description of a fibroepithelial hamartoma in a pig. The dysplasia, which covered half of the face of the newborn piglet, did not increase in relative size until the animal was euthanatized at 6 months of age. Histologic examination revealed a moderate orthokeratotic hyperkeratosis with variable degrees of epithelial proliferation. The main body of the dysplasia consisted of collagenous fibers. In addition, some proliferating small blood vessels as well as focally gathered dilated apocrine glands were evident. Given morphologic and clinical features, the diagnosis of a hamartoma seemed to be justified.

[Use of an improved simultaneous film cassette in linear tomography]. / Anwendung einer verbesserten Simultanschichtkassette in der linearen Tomographie.

An improved simultaneous tomography cassette according to P. Landau was tried out for four months using four tomographs in routine work. The mode of operation is based on accurate control of the relative speeds of the individual x-ray films resulting in simultaneous imaging of 6 equidistant tomographic levels. Clinical testing was effected in 80 cases: nephrotomography, of the lungs, the hilum, and the skeleton. In particular, the article describes imaging of the renal arteries by simultaneous tomography for the purpose of finding out the cause of hypertension, and if there is suspicion of a space-occupying growth in the kidney, basing on the urogram. The specific advantages of this technique are, on the one hand, improved diagnostic efficiency (the tomograms are taken during the same respiratory phase, more rapid diagnosis especially with accident patients), and, on the other hand, an important reduction in the x-ray exposure of the patient; furthermore, the life of the x-ray tube is prolonged, and there is a definite saving of time for both patient and personnel, the image quality being comparable with that of single-layer tomography.

[Rare late complications following thorotrast arteriographs (author's transl)]. / Seltene Spätkompikationen nach Thorotrast-Arteriographien

Hematemesis in a thorotrastosis patient with severe liver dystrophy led to a tentative diagnosis of portal hypertension. The possibility of portal hypertension was eliminated via angiography. The cause of the hematoemesis was multiple bleeding stomach ulcers. In spite of severe damage to the liver parenchyma, portal hypertension with thorotrastosis does not usually occur. This has been confirmed in the literature and by histologic investigations. In second thorotrastosis patient, the cause of pain and swelling was a sterile abscess formation in the area of the thorotrastoma.