RESUMO
A cardiac lesion detected at ultrasonography might turn out to be a normal structure, a benign tumor or rarely a malignancy, and lesion characterization is very important to appropriately manage the lesion itself. The exact relationship of the mass with coronary arteries and the knowledge of possible concomitant coronary artery disease are necessary preoperative information. Moreover, the increasingly performed coronary CT angiography to evaluate non-invasively coronary artery disease leads to a rising number of incidental findings. Therefore, CT and MRI are frequently performed imaging modalities when echocardiography is deemed insufficient to evaluate a lesion. A brief comprehensive overview about diagnostic radiological imaging and the clinical background of cardiac masses and pseudomasses is reported.
Assuntos
Doença da Artéria Coronariana , Humanos , Doença da Artéria Coronariana/diagnóstico por imagem , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X , Angiografia por Tomografia Computadorizada , Angiografia CoronáriaRESUMO
The left atrial auricle (LAA) is the main source of intracardiac thrombi, which contribute significantly to the total number of stroke cases. It is also considered a major site of origin for atrial fibrillation in patients undergoing ablation procedures. The LAA is known to have a high degree of morphological variability, with shape and structure identified as important contributors to thrombus formation. A detailed understanding of LAA form, dimension, and function is crucial for radiologists, cardiologists, and cardiac surgeons. This review describes the normal anatomy of the LAA as visualized through multiple imaging techniques such as computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and echocardiography. Special emphasis is devoted to a discussion on how the morphological characteristics of the LAA are closely related to the likelihood of developing LAA thrombi, including insights into LAA embryology.
RESUMO
Cytotoxic lesions of the corpus callosum (CLOCCs) are a clinical-radiological spectrum of disorders secondary to several etiopathogeneses. Cytotoxic lesions of the corpus callosum are typically associated with mild clinical symptoms including fever, headache, confusion, and altered mental status. We present a case of a 51-year-old Caucasian woman who developed a reversible lesion of the splenium of the corpus callosum associated with small round-shaped white matter hyperintensities after the first dose of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine. Magnetic resonance imaging is fundamental for diagnosis and no treatment is generally required.
Assuntos
COVID-19 , Corpo Caloso , Feminino , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Corpo Caloso/diagnóstico por imagem , Corpo Caloso/patologia , Vacinas contra COVID-19/efeitos adversos , SARS-CoV-2 , COVID-19/prevenção & controle , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Vacinas de mRNARESUMO
Pseudoaneurysms could be the dynamic evolution of an infectious break in the arterial wall; in the post-antibiotic era they are uncommon complication following infective endocarditis (IE) and are associated with high rates of morbidity and mortality especially for patients in whom a prompt diagnosis and therapeutic strategy are not performed. In this report, we describe a case of pseudoaneurysm of the celiac trunk developed as a complication of IE. Endovascular treatment is our first-line approach.
Assuntos
Falso Aneurisma , Aneurisma Infectado , Endocardite , Falso Aneurisma/diagnóstico por imagem , Falso Aneurisma/etiologia , Falso Aneurisma/cirurgia , Aneurisma Infectado/diagnóstico por imagem , Aneurisma Infectado/etiologia , Aneurisma Infectado/cirurgia , Antibacterianos/uso terapêutico , Endocardite/diagnóstico , Endocardite/diagnóstico por imagem , Humanos , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
Congenital heart diseases (CHD) represent a major clinical and diagnostic challenge for correct abnormality identification and subsequent successful therapy; even more challenging is following-up patient health after multiple post-interventional corrections often required in complex cardio-vascular abnormalities. We describe a multi-modality imaging evaluation of a complex congenital cardio-vascular diseases, underlining the relevance of cardiac magnetic resonance to non invasively solve some issues related to postsurgical changes.
Assuntos
Cardiopatias Congênitas , Doenças Vasculares , Cardiopatias Congênitas/diagnóstico por imagem , Cardiopatias Congênitas/cirurgia , Humanos , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética/métodos , Imagem Multimodal/métodosRESUMO
"Vieussens' ring" or "arterial circle of Vieussens" is a crucial hetero-coronaric pathway, bridging proximal right coronary artery (RCA) and left anterior descending artery (LAD) when a hemodynamically stenosis is established in the either of the vessel. In detail such coronary collateral circulation is usually supplied by branches of the conus artery. We present a case of a 62-year-old man who was admitted to our emergency department complaining of chest pain. Coronary angiography showed LAD occlusion at the mid tract with delayed and slight opacification of its distal segment sustained by Vieussens' ring. Coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) was subsequently performed which confirmed the presence of such natural bypass and evaluated its relationship with adjacent structures. Imaging, particularly CCTAoffers a valid tool in assessing the hetero-coronaric collateral vessel. Due to its high spatial resolution it may provide many information about the coronary anatomy by delineating their origin, course and termination.
Assuntos
Circulação Colateral , Circulação Coronária , Angiografia por Tomografia Computadorizada , Angiografia Coronária/métodos , Vasos Coronários/diagnóstico por imagem , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios XRESUMO
Currently, several pathologies have corresponding and specific diagnostic and therapeutic branches of interest focused on early and correct detection, as well as the best therapeutic approach. Radiology never ceases to develop newer technologies in order to give patients a clear, safe, early, and precise diagnosis; furthermore, in the last few years diagnostic imaging panoramas have been extended to the field of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning. On the other hand, clinical and laboratory tests, like flow cytometry and the techniques found in the "omics" sciences, aim to detect microscopic elements, like extracellular vesicles, with the highest specificity and sensibility for disease detection. If these scientific branches started to cooperate, playing a conjugated role in pathology diagnosis, what could be the results? Our review seeks to give a quick overview of recent state of the art research which investigates correlations between extracellular vesicles and the known radiological features useful for diagnosis.