Stealth Me.PEG-PLA nanoparticles avoid uptake by the mononuclear phagocytes system.

Nanoparticles were prepared from methoxy poly(ethylene glycol)poly(d,l-lactic acid) block copolymers (Me.PEG-PLA) or blends of Me.PEG-PLA and PLA by the precipitation-solvent diffusion method. These nanoparticles, labeled by introducing [14C]PLA in the formulation, were shown to be more slowly captured by cultured THP-1 monocytes than F68-coated PLA nanoparticles, in a PEG chain-length-dependent manner. In vivo, the half-life in plasma of the Me.PEG-PLA nanoparticles that were intravenously administered to rats is increased by a factor 180 compared with the F68-coated PLA nanoparticles. This mononuclear phagocytes system avoidance was explained according to a conformation model in which the PEG density at the surface of the particles is a key parameter.

A 'cyanoacrylate case' for developing fingerprints in cars.

A portable case has been developed by which cyanoacrylate (super glue) fuming can be used inside a vehicle suspected of being involved in serious crime. The car itself serves as a fumigation chamber and the cyanoacrylate vapours are fed into the car via a hose. Connected to the hose and suspended inside the car is a vapour diffuser. The cyanoacrylate originates from a portable case where there is a sealed heater and also a command panel with hygrometer and thermometer for a technician to control the process. There is also space inside the case for other necessary equipment.

Late recurrence or secondary location? Towards a better understanding of the physiopathology of inverted papilloma.

INTRODUCTION: Inverted papilloma (IP) is the most frequent benign tumor of the nasal cavities. Recurrence is found in 12 to 14% of cases, mainly at the primary site, although also exceptionally in remote locations. The present paper discusses the physiopathogenesis of IP on the basis of a report of late second occurrence of IP at a remote location and a review of the literature. CASE REPORT: A man, who had undergone surgery in 1997 for ethmoid IP at the age of 56, presented 11 years later with nasal cavity IP at a second (frontal) location, discovered serendipitously during systematic follow-up and managed surgically without complication. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: The physiopathology of nasal cavity IP remains unexplained. No reliable histologic or biological markers predict risk of recurrence or of malignant transformation. The sole treatment is total surgical resection. The risk of local recurrence, often due to incomplete resection, is well known, but that of a secondary location is less so, and regular very long-term follow-up is justified.

[Ratification of UE 4.4 S4 "simulated blood transfusion": inquiry and answers]. / Validation de l'UE 4.4 S4 "pose de transfusion sanguine en situation simulée:: une enquête et des réponses.

The new training reference guide related to state registered degree has been applied since 31 July 2009. Training and valuation projects developed by nurse training institutes have been amended to comply with learning concept: understanding-action-transfer. Validation of grade 4.4 S4 is part of competence 4 validation "implementation of actions related to diagnostic and therapy". The requirement for all students to ratify simulated transfusion lead teachers to update their knowledge and to be more committed to knowledge acquisition. To complete its work, the research and quality control department of the French Transfusion Company regarding the result of the national 2011 inquiry, proposes in relation with the National Transfusion Institute to provide the professional network with tools and supports making knowledge exchanges and experience sharing easier. The reference transfusional teaching guide updating intended to training institutes is being carried out and considered as a priority.