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1.
Can Bull Med Hist ; 37(2): 490-514, 2020.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32822553

RESUMO

The definition of diagnostic categories, such as autism, is not always consensual. It can be the cause of political struggles between various actors, including professionals, public administrations or patient associations. However, little is known about the situation of patient or parent associations in these "diagnostic politics." We assert here that these associations are more sensitive to the politics of definition than is suggested by the current historiography. Through an analysis of discourses and strategies of the Quebec Autism Society from 1982 to 2017, we document the role that this association intended to play in the politics of autism and we show how the adoption by the state of diagnostic-based policies intensify definitional debates in civil society, including among parents.


La définition de catégories diagnostiques comme l'autisme ne fait pas toujours l'unanimité. Elle peut faire l'objet de luttes politiques entre divers acteurs, notamment les professionnel.le.s, les administrations publiques ou les associations de patients. On en sait toutefois peu sur la situation des associations de patients ou de parents dans ces « politiques du diagnostic ¼. Nous affirmons ici que ces associations sont plus sensibles aux politiques de la définition que l'historiographie actuelle ne le laisse paraître. En analysant le discours et les stratégies de la Société québécoise de l'autisme de 1982 à 2017, nous illustrons le rôle que cette association entendait jouer dans les politiques de l'autisme et nous démontrons que l'adoption par l'État de politiques axées sur le diagnostic a eu pour effet d'intensifier les débats définitionnels chez divers acteurs, y compris les parents.


Assuntos
Transtorno Autístico/história , Política de Saúde/história , Sociedades/história , História do Século XX , História do Século XXI , Humanos , Ativismo Político , Quebeque
2.
Can Bull Med Hist ; 28(1): 71-94, 2011.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21595364

RESUMO

Studies regarding the medicalization process generally focus on the way various physical and psychological conditions have been identified as "health" problems, within specific historical contexts. Less well known is how the therapeutic roles of certain "health" professionals were also a result of the confluence of particular historical events. By comparing the professional trajectories of Quebec's occupational therapists and hospital social workers from 1940 to 1985, this article demonstrates how professionals originally outside of the world of health care created new therapeutic roles for themselves within the constantly expanding institutional health care system.


Assuntos
Pessoal de Saúde/história , Terapia Ocupacional/história , Serviço Social/história , História do Século XX , Humanos , Quebeque
3.
Sci Can ; 33(1): 71-94, 2010.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21553605

RESUMO

In the sociology of professions, working with machines is often seen as an obstacle to professional aspirations. This is especially true in healthcare, where a sharp distinction between professionals and technicians has prevailed since the early 20th century. However, only a few studies have documented the meaning of machines and technical skills for healthcare technicians. The purpose of this article is to show how and why two groups of such technicians, hearing prosthetists and respiratory technicians, actually tried to reconcile the use of machines with professionalization projects. It concludes with considerations about what these stories tell us about the history of technical work, about the transformations of the healthcare work environment in the second half of 20th century, and about the place of technical skills in the system of professions.


Assuntos
Audiologia/tendências , Tecnologia Biomédica/tendências , Terapia Respiratória/tendências , Pessoal Técnico de Saúde , História do Século XX , Humanos , Programas Nacionais de Saúde/tendências , Quebeque
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