[A 17-year-old student with therapy-resistant pneumonia]. / Siebzehnjährige Schülerin mit therapieresistenter Pneumonie.

If empiric antibiotic treatment is not successful in a case of suspected pneumonia further investigations are required. We present a case where originally an intralobar, bronchopulmonary sequestration could clearly be diagnosed by a thoracic CT scan. A 3D reconstruction revealed the pathognomonic arterial supply from the thoracic aorta and the venous drainage via pulmonary vein to the left atrium. Therefore, elective resection of the sequestration was indicated.

Nonreactive spreading at high temperature: molten metals and oxides on molybdenum.

The spontaneous spreading of small liquid metal (Cu, Ag, Au) and oxide drops on Mo substrates has been studied using a drop transfer setup combined with high-speed video. Under the experimental conditions used in this work, spreading occurs in the absence of interfacial reactions or ridging. The analysis of the spreading data indicates that dissipation at the triple junction (that can be described in terms of a triple-line friction) is playing a dominant role in the movement of the liquid front. This is due, in part, to the much stronger atomic interactions in high-temperature systems when compared to organic liquids. As a result of this analysis, a comprehensive view of spreading emerges in which the strength of the atomic interactions (solid-liquid, liquid-liquid) determines the relative roles of viscous impedance and dissipation at the triple junction in spreading kinetics.

The influence of portosystemic shunting on zinc and vitamin A metabolism in liver cirrhosis.

To elucidate the possible role of portosystemic shunting on zinc and vitamin A deficiency which has been described in patients with cirrhosis of the liver, a study on 37 hospitalized patients with liver cirrhosis was performed. Patients with surgical portosystemic shunt were found to have a significantly lower levels of zinc, vitamin A and retinol-binding protein (RBP) than controls and patients with cirrhosis without shunt. Patients with portal hypertension--considered to have spontaneous shunting--also has lower levels than those without this symptom. A significant correlation between zinc and vitamin A and RBP levels, respectively, was found. Also an increased renal zinc output was demonstrated. An influence of portosystemic shunting on zinc deficiency and subsequent vitamin A deficiency by decreased RBP release is concluded. The importance of these metabolic disorders for clinical symptoms is discussed.

Characterization of cyclic AMP-dependent phosphorylation of neuronal membrane proteins.

We examined the patterns of cyclic AMP-dependent protein phosphorylation in membranes prepared from rat cortical synaptosomes following gel electrophoresis and autoradiography. We determined the optimum pH (6.2), time (20 s), Mg2+ concentration (10 mM) and cyclic AMP concentration (5 microM) for the reaction. We also found that the detergents Triton X-100 and gramicidin S enhanced cyclic AMP-dependent protein phosphorylation. Inhibitors of the Na+, K+ ATPase (ouabain, NaF, vanadate) enhanced protein phosphorylation. This effect occurred in the presence but not in the absence of detergent. The addition of purified bovine brain cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit enhanced membrane protein phosphorylation. The addition of homogeneous neural (bovine brain) and non-neural (bovine skeletal muscle) cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase type II regulatory subunit partially inhibited protein phosphorylation. Both neural and non-neural regulatory subunits behaved similarly. In addition to cyclic AMP-dependent phosphorylation, the alpha-subunit of pyruvate dehydrogenase (Mr = 41,000) is phosphorylated in a cyclic AMP-independent fashion. We also examined the phosphorylation pattern of membranes prepared from rat heart and found that the number of acceptor substrates was much less than that from the nervous system.