RESUMO
In the present study 61 male pesticide applicators who worked in cotton fields and regularly sprayed pesticides such as DDT, BHC, endosulfan, malathion, methyl parathion, phosphamidon, dimethoate, monocrotophos, quinalphos fenvelrate, and cypermethrin were analyzed for sister chromatid exchanges, mitotic index, and cell cycle kinetics in peripheral lymphocytes. Subjects who handled pesticides were non-smokers and teetotalers and the data were compared with the matched control group. Statistical analysis revealed that the frequency of sister chromatid exchanges was significantly higher among the pesticide applicators at all the durations of exposure when compared to controls. Subjects exposed to pesticides also showed cell cycle delay and decrease in mitotic index when compared to the control group.
Assuntos
Doenças Profissionais/induzido quimicamente , Praguicidas/efeitos adversos , Troca de Cromátide Irmã/efeitos dos fármacos , Adulto , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Índice Mitótico , Doenças Profissionais/genéticaRESUMO
We studied clastogenic effects in peripheral lymphocytes of cotton-field workers who were exposed to different pesticides. All the cells were grown in RPMI 1640 medium for 48 and 72 h. The type of aberrations observed in the exposed group are gaps, breaks, dicentrics, exchanges, rings and polyploidy. The frequency of total chromosomal aberrations increased significantly in male pesticide applicators when compared to controls. A significant decrease in mitotic index was observed in the exposed group as compared to the control group. The 48-h cultures showed high incidence of chromosomal aberrations and low mitotic index when compared to 72-h cultures. The difference in chromosomal aberrations between 48- and 72-h cultures was not significant. 24 out of 26 individuals showed ill health effects such as severe giddiness and nervous disorders.
Assuntos
Doenças dos Trabalhadores Agrícolas/genética , Aberrações Cromossômicas , Linfócitos/efeitos dos fármacos , Índice Mitótico/efeitos dos fármacos , Exposição Ocupacional , Praguicidas/efeitos adversos , Adolescente , Adulto , Células Cultivadas , Feminino , Gossypium , Humanos , Cinética , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , PoliploidiaRESUMO
Whole blood of 50 smokers who were exposed to pesticides was set up in RPMI 1640 medium, and observed for sister-chromatid exchanges (SCEs), cell kinetics (CK) and mitotic index (MI). As controls, blood samples were collected from 20 non-smokers (control I) and 27 smokers (control II) who were not exposed to pesticides. A significant increase in SCEs was observed as the duration of exposure increased. The frequency of M1 metaphases increased significantly whereas M2 and M3+ metaphases decreased in the exposed group. The mitotic index increased in control II and in the exposed population while it showed a decrease at 11-25 years' exposure.
Assuntos
Doenças dos Trabalhadores Agrícolas/genética , Linfócitos/efeitos dos fármacos , Mitose/efeitos dos fármacos , Índice Mitótico/efeitos dos fármacos , Praguicidas/toxicidade , Troca de Cromátide Irmã/efeitos dos fármacos , Fumar/efeitos adversos , Adulto , Divisão Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Humanos , Inseticidas/toxicidade , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Compostos Organofosforados , Piretrinas/toxicidadeRESUMO
Blood samples were collected from 50 smokers who were exposed to the pesticides DDT, BHC, endosulfan, malathion, methyl parathion, monocrotophos, quinolphos, dimethoate, phosphomidon, cypermethrin and fenvelrate. Samples were also collected from 20 non-smokers (control I) and 27 smokers (control II) who were unexposed to pesticides. Control II showed a significant increase in chromosomal aberrations when compared to control I. There was a significant increase in total chromosomal aberrations in smokers exposed to pesticides when compared to unexposed populations.
Assuntos
Aberrações Cromossômicas , Exposição Ambiental , Praguicidas , Fumar/genética , Adulto , Células Cultivadas , Gossypium , Humanos , Linfócitos/citologia , Valores de ReferênciaRESUMO
The cytogenetic effect of quinalphos was studied in Swiss albino mice using the micronucleus test, bone marrow and germ cell chromosome assays and sperm morphology assay. Quinalphos at 5, 10 and 15 mg/kg body weight was administered orally to mice. Quinalphos induced micronuclei in the bone-marrow cells of mice and also caused a significant increase in chromosomal aberrations in bone-marrow cells (at 10 and 15 mg/kg body weight dose levels) and in germ cells (at all tested doses). A high incidence of abnormal sperms was also observed in mice treated with quinalphos.
Assuntos
Aberrações Cromossômicas , Inseticidas/toxicidade , Compostos Organotiofosforados/toxicidade , Espermatozoides/anormalidades , Animais , Medula Óssea/ultraestrutura , Eritrócitos/efeitos dos fármacos , Eritrócitos/ultraestrutura , Masculino , Camundongos , Compostos Organotiofosforados/farmacologia , Espermatozoides/efeitos dos fármacosRESUMO
1. Four different concentrations of quinalphos and methyl parathion were tested on human peripheral lymphocytes over different time periods, for the analysis of chromosomal aberrations and sister chromatid exchanges (SCEs). 2. A significant increase in chromosomal aberrations was observed when cells were treated with quinalphos for 48 and 72 h and a significant increase in SCEs was observed at all the concentrations and over all the time periods. 3. Methyl-parathion did not induce chromosomal aberrations but it did induce SCEs significantly over all time periods.