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1.
Blood ; 118(2): 262-70, 2011 Jul 14.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21562041

RESUMO

We previously showed that HIV infection leads to expansion of a rapidly proliferating pool (s(1)) of CD4 and CD8 T lymphocytes. In the current study, we used in vivo labeling with bromodeoxyuridine to characterize the kinetics of naive, memory, and activated (HLA-DR(+)/CD38(+)) subpopulations of CD4 and CD8 T lymphocytes, and to examine the relationship between kinetic parameters and baseline CD4 counts, HIV viral load, potential markers of microbial translocation, and cytokine levels. Activated cells showed the highest proliferation rates, followed by effector and central memory cells, with naive cells showing the lowest rates, for both CD4 and CD8 T cells. HIV viral load correlated with s(1) of CD4 and CD8 effector memory cells, as well as CD8 naive cells, whereas CD4 cell counts correlated inversely with naive CD4 s(1). Endotoxin levels showed a weak negative association with CD4 but not CD8 s(1). INF-γ and TNF-α were associated with s(1) for CD4 and CD8 cells, respectively. Thus, HIV is the primary driving force behind the activation and proliferation of most subsets of both CD4 and CD8 T lymphocytes, whereas naive CD4 cell proliferation likely represents a homeostatic response. Microbial translocation does not appear to play an important role in this proliferation.


Assuntos
Linfócitos T CD4-Positivos/fisiologia , Linfócitos T CD8-Positivos/fisiologia , Proliferação de Células , HIV-1/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Memória Imunológica , Carga Viral/fisiologia , Adulto , Terapia Antirretroviral de Alta Atividade , Antivirais/administração & dosagem , Antivirais/farmacologia , Bromodesoxiuridina/administração & dosagem , Bromodesoxiuridina/farmacologia , Linfócitos T CD4-Positivos/efeitos dos fármacos , Linfócitos T CD4-Positivos/patologia , Linfócitos T CD8-Positivos/patologia , Proliferação de Células/efeitos dos fármacos , Feminino , Infecções por HIV/tratamento farmacológico , Infecções por HIV/imunologia , Infecções por HIV/virologia , HIV-1/efeitos dos fármacos , HIV-1/imunologia , HIV-1/fisiologia , Humanos , Memória Imunológica/efeitos dos fármacos , Memória Imunológica/fisiologia , Contagem de Linfócitos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Carga Viral/efeitos dos fármacos , Adulto Jovem
2.
Adv Healthc Mater ; 10(13): e2100302, 2021 07.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34061473

RESUMO

Pulmonary hypertension is a highly morbid disease with no cure. Available treatments are limited by systemic adverse effects due to non-specific biodistribution. Self-assembled peptide amphiphile (PA) nanofibers are biocompatible nanomaterials that can be modified to recognize specific biological markers to provide targeted drug delivery and reduce off-target toxicity. Here, PA nanofibers that target the angiotensin I-converting enzyme and the receptor for advanced glycation end-products (RAGE) are developed, as both proteins are overexpressed in the lung with pulmonary hypertension. It is demonstrated that intravenous delivery of RAGE-targeted nanofibers containing the targeting epitope LVFFAED (LVFF) significantly accumulated within the lung in a chronic hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension mouse model. Using 3D light sheet fluorescence microscopy, it is shown that LVFF nanofiber localization is specific to the diseased pulmonary tissue with immunofluorescence analysis demonstrating colocalization of the targeted nanofiber to RAGE in the hypoxic lung. Furthermore, biodistribution studies show that significantly more LVFF nanofibers localized to the lung compared to major off-target organs. Targeted nanofibers are retained within the pulmonary tissue for 24 h after injection. Collectively, these data demonstrate the potential of a RAGE-targeted nanomaterial as a drug delivery platform to treat pulmonary hypertension.


Assuntos
Hipertensão Pulmonar , Nanofibras , Animais , Hipertensão Pulmonar/tratamento farmacológico , Pulmão , Camundongos , Receptor para Produtos Finais de Glicação Avançada , Distribuição Tecidual
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