A Reexamination of the Herpetofauna of Oaxaca, Mexico: Composition Update, Physiographic Distribution, and Conservation Commentary.

A substantial number of changes to the composition of the herpetofauna of the Mexican state of Oaxaca, including taxonomic additions and deletions, have occurred in the five years since our original assessment of this region. These changes now establish a herpetofauna of 480 species for the state. A number of taxonomic and nomenclatural changes involving the Oaxacan herpetofauna also are discussed. Updated patterns of physiographic distribution, endemism, and conservation status of the members of the state herpetofauna are examined.

A new species of forest snake of the genus Rhadinaea from Tropical Montane Rainforest in the Sierra Madre del Sur of Oaxaca, Mexico (Squamata, Dipsadidae).

Content of the dipsadid genus Rhadinaea has changed considerably since Myers' 1974 revision. Three species groups are recognized currently in the genus. Our fieldwork in Oaxaca in June 2018 produced a single specimen of Rhadinaea considered to represent a new taxon. This new species is described from converted Premontane Wet Forest in the municipality of Santa Catarina Juquila in the Sierra Madre del Sur of southern Oaxaca, Mexico. It is most closely related to Rhadinaealaureata, from which it can be distinguished easily by color pattern and scutellation, and represents a species group distinct from the other three occupying the genus.

ResúmenLa conformación del género Rhadinaea ha cambiado considerablemente desde la revisión de Myers en 1974. Tres grupos de especies son reconocidos actualmente en el género. Nuestro trabajo de campo en Oaxaca en junio de 2018 produjo un espécimen de Rhadinaea que consideramos que representa un nuevo taxón. Describimos esta nueva especie de bosque húmedo premontano en el Municipio de Santa Catarina Juquila en la Sierra Madre del Sur en el sur de Oaxaca, México. Esta especie está más estrechamente relacionada con Rhadinaealaureata, de la cual se puede distinguir fácilmente por medio del patrón de color y escutelación, y representa un grupo distinto a los tres que forman parte del género.

Genetic diversity, QoI fungicide resistance, and mating type distribution of Cercospora sojina-Implications for the disease dynamics of frogeye leaf spot on soybean.

Frogeye leaf spot (FLS), caused by Cercospora sojina, causes significant damage to soybean in the U.S. One control strategy is the use of quinone outside inhibitor (QoI) fungicides. QoI resistant isolates were first reported in Tennessee (TN) in 2010. To investigate the disease dynamics of C. sojina, we collected 437 C. sojina isolates in 2015 from Jackson and Milan, TN and used 40 historical isolates collected from 2006-2009 from TN and ten additional states for comparison. A subset of 186 isolates, including historical isolates, were genotyped for 49 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers and the QoI resistance locus, revealing 35 unique genotypes. The genotypes clustered into three groups with two groups containing only sensitive isolates and the remaining group containing all resistant isolates and a dominant clonal lineage of 130 isolates. All 477 C. sojina isolates were genotyped for the QoI locus revealing 344 resistant and 133 sensitive isolates. All isolates collected prior to 2015 were QoI sensitive. Both mating type alleles (MAT1-1-1 and MAT1-2) were found in Jackson and Milan, TN and recovered from single lesions suggesting sexual recombination may play a role in the epidemiology of field populations. Analysis of C. sojina isolates using SNP markers proved useful to investigate population diversity and to elaborate on diversity as it relates to QoI resistance and mating type.

[Risk factors associated with work-related accidents in the construction industry in the Valley of Mexico]. / Factores de riesgo asociados a los accidentes de trabajo en la industria de la construcción del Valle de México.

OBJECTIVE: Our aim was to describe construction-industry, work-related accident prevalence in, associated factors in, and potential impact on affiliated workers of the Mexican Institute of Social Security (Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, IMSS) in the Valley of Mexico. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Prevalent cases in a retrospective case-control design. CASES: These include 385 construction-industry workers who were found to have construction work-related accidents in 2001. Controls comprised 385 active construction-industry workers without work-related accident background paired by gender, workplace, and worksite. RESULTS: Work-related accident prevalence in construction workers was 5.5%; most important risk factors and etiology fraction (Ef) included the following: age 16-20 years odds ratio, OR = 1.58, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.40-10.7, p = 0.001, Ef 0.36; eventual insurance, OR = 3.7, 95% CI, 2.16-26.45, p = 0.001), Ef, 0.72, and no training for job, OR = 5.3, 95% CI, 4.9-69.2, p = 0.01), Ef: 0.81. Variables not showing significance were included salary, work shift, and workday. CONCLUSIONS: Work-related accident prevalence maintains its preponderance in the Valley of Mexico construction industry; identified risk factors are potentially modifiable, among which job training acquires unquestionable relevance.

Perfil epidemiológico de la invalidez / Epidemiologic profile of disability

Se considera que la evaluación del estado de invalidez debe efectuarse en la misma forma o con el mismo criterio con el que se autoriza la incapacidad temporal, entendiéndose ésta como pérdida de facultades y aptitudes que imposibilita, parcial o totalmente, a una persona para desempeñar su trabajo por algún tiempo. Mediante estudio observacional descriptivo se analizaron las variables edad, género y ocupación de pacientes con estado de invalidez dictaminado en unidades médicas correspondientes al Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social. Se estableció la comparación entre los dictámenes realizados de 1990 a 1993 y de 1994 a 1997. Se describió el perfil epidemiológico de las enfermedades que los originaron y se comparó el efecto de los procedimientos médico-legales adoptados durante dichos periodos.

Factores de riesgo asociados a los accidentes de trabajo en la industria de la construcción del Valle de México / Risk Factors Associated with Work-Related Accidents in the Construction Industry in the Valley of Mexico

Objetivo: describir la prevalencia de accidentabilidad en la industria de la construcción, factores asociados e impacto potencial en trabajadores afiliados al Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS) en el Valle de México. Material y métodos: casos y controles retrospectivo de casos prevalentes. Casos: 385 trabajadores de la industria de la construcción que sufrieron y les fue dictaminado accidente de trabajo en el año de 2001. Controles: 385 trabajadores activos de la industria de la construcción sin antecedente de accidente de trabajo, pareados por sexo, puesto de trabajo, y centro de trabajo. En uno y otro grupos se exploraron características demográficas y laborales que incluyó la capacitación en el trabajo. Resultados: la prevalencia de accidentabilidad en trabajadores de la construcción: 5.5%; factores de riesgo más importantes y fracción etio lógica (FeE): grupo de edad de 16 a 20 años, OR =1.58 [IC 95%: 1.40-10.7], (p=0.001), FeE:0.36, aseguramiento eventual, OR= 3.7[IC95%: 2.16-26.45], (p= 0.001), FeE: 0.72, y falta de capacitación para el trabajo, OR=5.3[IC95%: 4.9-69.2], (p= 0.01), FeE: 0.81. Variables que no mostraron significancia fueron: salario, antigüedad en el puesto, turno y jornada de trabajo. En su conjunto, la capacitación laboral estuvo ausente en 87% de todos los trabajadores sujetos a estudio. Conclusiones: la prevalencia de accidentabilidad mantiene preponderancia en la industria de la construcción del Valle de México; los factores de riesgo identificados son potencialmente modificables donde la capacitación laboral adquiere indiscutible relevancia.

Objective: Our aim was to describe construction-industry work-related accident prevalence in, associated factors in, and potential impact on affiliated workers of the Mexican Institute of Social Security (Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, IMSS) in the Valley of Mexico. Materials and Methods: Prevalent cases in a retrospective case-control design. Cases: These include 385 construction-industry workers who were found to have construction work-related accidents in 2001. Controls: comprised 385 active construction-industry workers without work-related accident background paired by gender, workplace, and worksite. Results. Work-related accident prevalence in construction workers was 5.5%; most important risk factors and etiology fraction (Ef) included the following: age 16-20 years odds ratio, OR = 1.58, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.40-10.7, p=0.001, Efi 0.36; eventual insurance, OR = 3.7, 95% CI, 2.16-26.45, p = 0.001), Efi 0.72, and no training for job, OR =5.3, 95% CI, 4.9-69.2, p = 0.01), Ef: 0.81. Variables not showing significance were included salary, work shift, and workday. Conclusions. Work-related accident prevalence maintains its preponderance in the Valley of Mexico construction industry; identified risk factorsare potentially modifiable, among which job training acquires unquestionable relevance.

Foliculitis pustulosa eosinofílica / Eosinophilic pustular follicutis

Se observan áreas eritematosas con numerosas pápulas y pústulas foliculares en la espalda y extremidades de un paciente de 26 años de edad. Las lesiones han evolucionado con exacerbaciones y revisiones, pero sin afectación del estado general de salud. Se manifestó una eosinofilia en sangre periférica. El examen histológico muestra folículos pilosos infiltrados principalmente por eosinófilos y en menor número por neutrófilos. La foliculitis pustulosa eosinofilica es una enfermedad poco frecuente y por primera vez reportada en la literatura médica cubana.