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Degeneração Macular/induzido quimicamente , Melanoma/tratamento farmacológico , Inibidores de Proteínas Quinases/efeitos adversos , Proteínas Proto-Oncogênicas B-raf/metabolismo , Neoplasias Cutâneas/tratamento farmacológico , Humanos , Melanoma/patologia , Metástase Neoplásica , Inibidores de Proteínas Quinases/uso terapêutico , Neoplasias Cutâneas/patologiaRESUMO
PURPOSE: To translate and validate the V-FUCHS questionnaire into Spanish in a population of patients with Fuchs endothelial dystrophy (DEF). METHODS: The V-FUCHS consists of 15 short, easily understandable questions that assess visual aspects of quality of life in patients with DEF, which can be gathered into a group of seven that assess the "Visual Difficulty" factor and another group of eight that assess the "Glare Factor". For the translation and cultural adaptation, the standardized norms for this process were followed, among other phases, a translation, a back-translation and an application in patients with DEF. RESULTS: In the first phase, consensus was reached on the Spanish translation of the V-FUCHS. Subsequently, 25 patients were included to carry out the pre-test phase with the aim of assessing the applicability and feasibility of the test. The score obtained a minimum value of -0.88 and a maximum value of +2.44, according to the Rasch probabilistic scale. The mean value obtained from the Visual Difficulty factor was 0.61 (±0.71), while the mean for the Glare Factor was 0.41 (±0.51). CONCLUSION: The validation of the V-FUCHS questionnaire, after its translation and adaptation into Spanish, proved to be a useful tool for assessing the visual quality of patients with DEF. Patients with a more advanced stage of the disease presented a greater severity in the test result. Likewise, the Glare Factor (Glare) correlates better with the pachymetric increase than with the visual acuity of the patient.
Assuntos
Distrofia Endotelial de Fuchs , Qualidade de Vida , Humanos , Córnea , Nível de Saúde , Inquéritos e Questionários , IdiomaRESUMO
OBJECTIVES: To show donation data, number of keratoplasties and the changes in transplant indications and techniques that occurred in Andalusia in the period from 2013 to 2022. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The present work is a retrospective and descriptive study that included all keratoplasties performed between January 2013 and December 2022 in Andalusia, as well as the evolution of the cornea donation and transplant activity of the public and private hospitals pertaining to the waiting list management system of the Public Health System of Andalusia. Transplants performed in private centers with corneas from outside Andalusia were excluded. RESULTS: Cornea donation activity in Andalusia in the decade 2013-2022â¯has experienced a growth of more than 126%, while overall transplant activity has increased by 157% in public hospitals. Penetrating keratoplasty has decreased from 83% in 2013 to 43% in 2022, while lamellar techniques have increased from 17% to 57% in this same period. Since 2018, more lamellar transplants are performed than penetrating transplants. Regarding indications, endothelial conditions already represent the first cause of transplantation. In 2022 alone, the public Andalusian Eye Banks evaluated 1,054 corneas and prepared 281 endothelial grafts. CONCLUSION: In the decade from 2013 to 2022 in Andalusia there has been an increase in donation activity and the number of keratoplasties. The public Eye Banks implementation in this period has played a key role in the widespread adoption of lamellar keratoplasty techniques and has enabled the transition to perform a greater number of lamellar keratoplasties compared to penetrating keratoplasty.
RESUMO
Refractive lens exchange (RLE) allows to correct ametropias and presbyopia by replacing the crystalline lens with an extended depth of focus or multifocal intraocular lens (IOL). Retinal detachment (RD) is one of the most serious adverse events after RLE. This study aimed to review the evidence related to the risk of RD after RLE and clinical outcomes. A search using PubMed and a snowball search approach was conducted to identify articles and case reports. According to the literature, the risks of RD should be considered in patients <60 years old with axial lengths >23 mm. Only nine articles reported visual acuity (VA) after RD in RLE, and only 25% of eyes had a VA > 20/40. Considering that the decrease in VA might be uniform for all types of IOLs after RD, surgeons should focus on selecting the patient to prevent RD rather than on a particular IOL optical design based on the potential risk of DR.
Assuntos
Lentes Intraoculares , Lentes Intraoculares Multifocais , Descolamento Retiniano , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Lentes Intraoculares/efeitos adversos , Descolamento Retiniano/etiologia , Implante de Lente Intraocular/efeitos adversos , Acuidade VisualRESUMO
Infectious keratitis (IK) is one of the most common causes of monocular blindness worldwide, especially in developing countries and may account for 5.1%-32.3% of all indications for penetrating keratoplasty (PK). However, performing a therapeutic PK on a "hot eye" is associated with a higher incidence of IK recurrence and graft rejection. Standard treatment includes antimicrobials (ATM) and, once the causative pathogen has been identified, must be continued with targeted treatment, depending on antibiogram sensitivity. However, appearance of multiresistant strains to ATM is progressively increasing at an alarming rate. Besides that, the diversity of the causative microorganisms (bacteria, fungi, parasites, viruses) may hinder the clinical diagnosis and secondarily the proper treatment from the beginning. It is estimated that only 50% of eyes will have a good visual result if the correct therapy is delayed. All these factors make the identification of alternatives to ATM treatment of paramount importance. Due to the ATM properties of photoactivated chromophore (riboflavin, RB) and ultraviolet (UV) light of wavelength (λ) 200-400 nanometers (nm), used in multiple medical and non-medical applications for disinfection, photoactivated chromophore for corneal cross-linking (CXL) of IK (PACK-CXL), as an addition to the therapeutic arsenal for the management of IK has been proposed. It must be differentiated from CXL used for the management of progressive keratoconus (KC). The objective of this review is to update the available evidence on the efficacy and safety of PACK-CXL in IKs.
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Infecções Oculares Bacterianas , Ceratite , Fotoquimioterapia , Colágeno/uso terapêutico , Córnea , Reagentes de Ligações Cruzadas/uso terapêutico , Infecções Oculares Bacterianas/diagnóstico , Humanos , Ceratite/tratamento farmacológico , Ceratite/microbiologia , Fármacos Fotossensibilizantes/uso terapêutico , Acuidade VisualRESUMO
BACKGROUND: To assess the time-efficiency of a designated operating room (OR) workflow in the introduction of femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery (FLACS, LenSx, Alcon®). The study was carried out in a public hospital a with high-volume of procedures. METHODS: We performed this prospective, controlled, surgical intervention study in the ophthalmology department of a Spanish tertiary referral public hospital. A total of 167 eyes were enrolled, including 62 eyes undergoing conventional phacoemulsification surgery. In phase I, patients were assigned either to FLACS-I (n=63) or conventional phacoemulsification surgery (n=62). One surgeon operated the femtosecond laser, and another completed the procedure, while a third performed conventional phacoemulsification. In the second phase (FLACS-II), all the surgeries were FLACS (n=42). One surgeon performed the FLACS procedure, and two different surgeons completed the surgeries in separate ORs. Surgical and turnover times of all the patients were recorded. RESULTS: Preparation time was statistically significantly lower in FLACS-I and FLACS-II (P<0.001), whereas the duration of the cataract procedure per se was higher in FLACS-II compared to conventional phacoemulsification (P=0.03). Phacoemulsification energy was higher in FLACS-II compared to FLACS-I (P=0.01), whereas laser-related surgical time was lower (P=0.001). Surgical complications and total surgical time showed no statistically significant differences between any of the three groups. CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests a time-efficient and suitable workflow model for FLACS, considering the specific requirements and restrictions of a fully booked public hospital. Even so, we have shown that the FLACS procedure does not take longer than conventional phacoemulsification when following a detailed plan for OR workflow. In addition, our data reflect an improvement in FLACS surgical times with ongoing experience. TRIAL REGISTRATION: NCT03931629 (retrospectively registered).
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Extração de Catarata , Catarata , Terapia a Laser , Oftalmologia , Facoemulsificação , Hospitais Públicos , Humanos , Lasers , Estudos Prospectivos , Acuidade Visual , Fluxo de TrabalhoRESUMO
We report a case of a patient treated with tamoxifen 20mg daily as hormone therapy for breast cancer. On regular ophthalmological follow-up, tamoxifen maculopathy was detected on SD-OCT (Spectral Domain Optic Coherence Tomography, Carl Zeiss Meditec®), so the medication was discontinued. Despite discontinuation of the medication, the maculopathy progressed over time. We have been following our patient for seven years. Tamoxifen may produce a toxic maculopathy which may progress despite discontinuation of the medication. We consider our case interesting, given the lengthy follow-up of the patient with sequential SD-OCT images. To the best of our knowledge, our case represents the longest follow-up period for a patient with tamoxifen maculopathy. Moreover, we would like to stress the importance of screening in asymptomatic patients on this medication, in order to detect early pathological signs.
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Monitorização Fisiológica , Doenças Retinianas/induzido quimicamente , Doenças Retinianas/diagnóstico , Tamoxifeno/efeitos adversos , Idoso , Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/uso terapêutico , Neoplasias da Mama/tratamento farmacológico , Neoplasias da Mama/patologia , Feminino , Angiofluoresceinografia , Seguimentos , Humanos , Macula Lutea/efeitos dos fármacos , Macula Lutea/patologia , Degeneração Macular/induzido quimicamente , Degeneração Macular/diagnóstico , Degeneração Macular/patologia , Monitorização Fisiológica/métodos , Doenças Retinianas/patologia , Tamoxifeno/administração & dosagem , Tomografia de Coerência ÓpticaRESUMO
The case is presented of a 14 year-old patient diagnosed with Sudeck's syndrome secondary to uneventful foot trauma. The patient complained of decreased visual acuity along with photophobia and intense ocular pain not correlated with the exploratory findings. Sudeck's syndrome is an idiopathic neuropathic inflammatory disease characterised by disproportionate pain, unrelated to a previous traumatic event, which can evolve to severe and generalised pain. A new explanation has recently described this as "neuropathic eye pain" for those patients with severe eye pain that do not correlate with clinical signs. In the case presented here, the pain became widespread and led to photophobia and very intense ocular neuropathic pain. It is believed that this was the cause of the visual decrease presented by this patient. It is proposed that the Sudeck syndrome should become part of the differential diagnosis of neuropathic eye pain.
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Neuralgia/etiologia , Fotofobia/etiologia , Distrofia Simpática Reflexa/complicações , Adolescente , Humanos , MasculinoRESUMO
Intraorbital Foreign Bodies (IOFB) are objects, usually of metallic nature, located outside the orbit cavity, and can potentially cause serious damage to ocular and orbital structures. The case is presented of a patient with an anterior metallic IOFB that was extracted with the aid of a Livingston-Mansfield ocular external electromagnet. Despite being an instrument «of the past¼, we believe that the electromagnet can still be useful in certain circumstances.
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Corpos Estranhos/terapia , Imãs , Órbita , Adulto , Corpos Estranhos/diagnóstico por imagem , Humanos , Masculino , Órbita/diagnóstico por imagem , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios XRESUMO
OBJECTIVES AND METHODS: Our objective is to describe a multifocal vitelliform presentation of Best's disease. The lesions in this disease may vary in size and shape, some may be a disc diameter in size, and often have some irregularity in their contour. The case is described of a 21-year-old male patient referred to our ophthalmology department due to a progressive loss of vision. His poor visual acuity was confirmed, and a complete examination was performed, in which macular flecks were observed, with yellow pigment arranged in oval distribution near their periphery. Due to the suspicion of Best's multifocal disease, genetic tests were performed. Multifocal vitelliform disease with the same features as those in Best's disease occurs most frequently in patients with a normal electro-oculogram (EOG), and a normal family history. CONCLUSION: Best's multifocal disease must be suspected in case of multiple vitelliruptive lesions close to the posterior pole. Genetic testing is essential for its diagnosis.
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Distrofia Macular Viteliforme/genética , Testes Genéticos , Humanos , Masculino , Distrofia Macular Viteliforme/diagnóstico por imagem , Adulto JovemAssuntos
Betacoronavirus , Infecções por Coronavirus , Emergências , Pandemias , Pneumonia Viral , COVID-19 , Humanos , SARS-CoV-2RESUMO
OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the clinical outcome of the first 450 consecutive cases after Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK), as well as the effect of standardization of the technique. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Comparison between 3 groups: Group I: (cases 1-125), as the extended learning curve; Group II: (cases 126-250), transition to technique standardization; Group III: (cases 251-450), surgery with standardized technique. Best corrected visual acuity, endothelial cell density, pachymetry and intra- and postoperative complications were evaluated before, and 1, 3 and 6 months after DMEK. RESULTS: At 6 months after surgery, 79% of eyes reached a best corrected visual acuity of≥0.8 and 43%≥1.0. Mean preoperative endothelial cell density was 2,530±220 cells/mm2 and 1,613±495 at 6 months after surgery. Mean pachymetry measured 668±92 µm and 526±46 µm pre- and (6 months) postoperatively, respectively. There were no significant differences in best corrected visual acuity, endothelial cell density and pachymetry between the 3 groups (P > .05). Graft detachment presented in 17.3% of the eyes. The detachment rate declined from 24% to 12%, and the rate of secondary surgeries from 9.6% to 3.5%, from group I to III respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Visual outcomes and endothelial cell density after DMEK are independent of the technique standardization. However, technique standardization may have contributed to a lower graft detachment rate and a relatively low number of secondary interventions required. As such, DMEK may become the first choice of treatment in corneal endothelial disease.
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Ceratoplastia Endotelial com Remoção da Lâmina Limitante Posterior/normas , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Contagem de Células , Paquimetria Corneana , Ceratoplastia Endotelial com Remoção da Lâmina Limitante Posterior/métodos , Endotélio Corneano/patologia , Feminino , Seguimentos , Humanos , Complicações Intraoperatórias/epidemiologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/epidemiologia , Reoperação , Estudos Retrospectivos , Resultado do Tratamento , Acuidade Visual , Adulto JovemRESUMO
CASE REPORT: The patient is a 57-year-old obese and hypertensive male. His chief complaints were double vision and dizziness, with mild exodeviation in both eyes in primary gaze position in the ocular motility examination, but more predominant in the left eye. The exotropia was noticeably more evident on the attempted upgaze. On horizontal gaze, the abducting eye deviated fully, but the adducting eye did not cross the midline. Nystagmus in the abducting eye and convergence impairment were found. Pupil size and testing were normal. Ataxia and areflexia were also present. Bilateral internuclear ophthalmoplegia was suspected and imaging and laboratory tests were performed. The CAT scan showed a right occipital hypo-attenuated lesion. In the MRI scan, a mesencephalic subacute ischemic lesion was found, involving the medial rectus sub-nuclei. Blood and cerebrospinal fluid test for syphilis were positive. DISCUSSION: Bilateral internuclear ophthalmoplegia is a very uncommon -and difficult to diagnose- condition. In the reported case the lesion involved the medial rectus sub-nuclei. This fact could explain the exotropia in the primary gaze position, and supports that is not possible to exclude the involvement of the medial rectus sub-nuclei in the webino syndrome. The rapid identification of the pathology contributed to the better prognosis of the patient.