Whitefly resistance traits derived from the wild tomato Solanum pimpinellifolium affect the preference and feeding behavior of Bemisia tabaci and reduce the spread of Tomato yellow leaf curl virus.

Breeding of tomato genotypes that limit whitefly (Bemisia tabaci) access and feeding might reduce the spread of Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV), a begomovirus (genus Begomovirus, family Geminiviridae) that is the causal agent of tomato yellow leaf curl disease. TYLCV is restricted to the phloem and is transmitted in a persistent manner by B. tabaci. The tomato breeding line ABL 14-8 was developed by introgressing type IV leaf glandular trichomes and secretion of acylsucroses from the wild tomato Solanum pimpinellifolium accession TO-937 into the genetic background of the whitefly- and virus-susceptible tomato cultivar Moneymaker. Results of preference bioassays with ABL 14-8 versus Moneymaker indicated that presence of type IV glandular trichomes and the production of acylsucrose deterred the landing and settling of B. tabaci on ABL 14-8. Moreover, electrical penetration graph studies indicated that B. tabaci adults spent more time in nonprobing activities and showed a reduced ability to start probing. Such behavior resulted in a reduced ability to reach the phloem. The superficial type of resistance observed in ABL 14-8 against B. tabaci probing significantly reduced primary and secondary spread of TYLCV.

[Treatment of chronic pain of oncologic origin with epidural or intrathecal morphine administered by continuous or programmable flow implanted pumps]. / Tratamiento del dolor crónico de origen oncológico con morfina epidural e intratecal administrada con bombas implantables de flujo continuo o programable.

We have treated a total of 40 patients who presented chronic pain secondary to a neoplastic condition; the patients were treated with morphine in a continuous perfusion by means of an implanted perfusion pump. The route used was the epidural route in seven patients and the intrathecal route in the remaining 33 patients. In 22 patients, the implanted pump was the continuous flow Infusaid model and in the remaining 18, the programmable flow Synchromed (Medtronic) model. The daily dose of morphine ranged from 2.4 mg to 48 mg and maximum perfusion period was 19 months. Main complications were displacement of the catheter and rejection of perfusion system. Despite its high prize, we believe that such treatment system should be considered because of the quality of life improvement of the patients.

Prevalence of pyocin types of P. aeruginosa in a university hospital during 1981-1986.

Strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from patients in the University of Granada (Spain) from 1981 to 1986 were pyocin-typed in order to determine which types were the most common. The proportions of typable and non typable strains were similar to those obtained by other authors. A high percentage of typable strains were unclassifiable (UC) according to Govan's method. The most frequent types of typable strains were 580 (55 of Govan), 270 (UC), 280 (UC), 570 (UC), 670 (73 of Govan), 113 (10 of Govan), 470 (86 of Govan) and 180 (58 of Govan). These types were responsible for the appearance of several nosocomial outbreaks during the years of this study. Types 580, 113 and 280 remained constant for these six years; for this reason, they can be considered endemic of our hospital.