[Immunohistochemical evidence of insulin and glucagon in the transplanted isolated islets of Langerhans in the rat (author's transl)]. / Immunohistochemischer Insulin- und Glukagonnachweis an trnasplantierten isolierten Langerhansschen Inseln bei der Ratte

Isologe isolated islets of Langerhans were transplanted to diabetic rats in a peritoneal pouch and in liver tissue. By the immunhistochemical evidence of insulin and glucagon was examined the intangibility of the transplanted islets. It is profitable to transplant the isolated islets of Langerhans in the liver tissue than in the peritoneum.

[Simultaneous long-term measurement of duodenogastric reflux and gastroduodenal motility]. / Simultane Langzeitmessung des duodenogastralen Refluxes und der gastroduodenalen Motilität.

We combined a newly developed ambulatory fiberoptic system for detecting intragastric bilirubin (Bilitec 2000, Synectics Medical Inc., Sweden) with prolonged measurement of gastroduodenal motility in 10 healthy volunteers and 10 patients followed BI resection. Circadian intragastric bilirubin exposure and the total number of tremendous changes of bilirubin absorption (more than 20%, over a period of at least 5 min) were significantly increased in the BI-resected patients (P < 0.05). In patients the interdigestive motility cycle (IMC) was characterized by the appearance of several types of abnormally propagated phase III activity fronts. Of the tremendous increases of bilirubin absorption in the patient group, 90.1% were associated with abnormally propagated phase III activity fronts. In cases of increased duodenogastric reflux, the combination of ambulatory intragastric bilirubin measurement and long-term manometry seems to be feasible to assess motility and reflux simultaneously.

Urethral pressure profile measurements in children.

After a brief representation of the physiological processes during micturition in the region of the bladder-urethra junction, the pathological changes in neurogenic micturition dysfunctions leading to an increase of the infravesical flow resistance are considered. A suitable procedure for determining exactly the dysfunction is the registration of a urethral pressure profile. The construction is based on pressure measurement by means of a catheter with a lateral eye, with constant slow perfusion. Measuring errors had to be determined in preliminary trials. Examples of investigations in children with various subvesical urinary dysfunctions demonstrates different points concerning this method.

[Selective proximal vagotomy and truncular vagotomy - comparison based on animal models]. / Die selektiv-proximale Vagotomie und trunkuläre Vagotomie - Vergleich im Tiermodell.

After high-selective vagotomy without pyloroplasty and after transthoracic truncular vagotomy in combination with pyloroplasty serum gastrin and gastric acid secretion were checked in short time intervals. The stimulation was produced by a standard test meal and by insulin induced hypoglycemia before and after vagotomy. The changes observed in serum gastrin levels before and after both kinds of vagotomy indicate a temporary influence on the emptying of the stomach. The decrease in gastric acid output following selective or truncular vagotomy demonstrates a delay of therapeutic effect.

[Effect of potassium concentration of the perfusion solution on organ resistance of the perfused dog pancreas]. / Der Einfluss der Kaliumkonzentration in der Perfusionslösung auf den Organwiderstand des perfundierten Hundepankreas.

The influence of different potassium concentrations in the perfusate on the perfusion pressure of isolated dog pancreas is reported. A potassium concentration above 30 mmol/l leads both under hypothermic and normothermic conditions to an increase of the vascular resistance, That's why organs with a small blood flow should be perfused with solutions poor in potassium also in the initial perfusion.

[Serum gastrin and gastric acid level following vagotomy without pyloroplasty and partial gastrectomy (BI) (author's transl)]. / Das Verhalten des Serumgastrins und der Magensäure nach selektiv proximaler Vagotomie ohne Pyloroplastik und nach Magenresektion (Billroth I).

The course of gastric acid secretion and serum gastrin level before and after operation was studied in 41 patients suffering from a gastroscopically determined ulcer disease. In 15 patients suffering from duodenal ulcer, a highly selective vagotomy without pyloroplasty was performed and in 26 patients suffering from peptic ulcer (duodenal or gastric ulcer) a partial gastrectomy (Billroth I). After a highly selective vagotomy without pyloroplasty a reduction in the secretory response to pentagastrin and a significant rise of the basic and postprandial gastrin concentration could be observed. Both methods are suitable to determine the completeness of vagotomy. The estimation of the course of serum gastrin level after vagotomy only reveals a temporary disorder of the antrum-pylorus mechanism. In our opinion a pyloroplasty is not necessary.

[Hypothermic perfusion and cold storage of the dog pancreas]. / Die hypotherme Perfusion und Kühllagerung des Hundepankreas.

The results of 18-hours of hypothermic pulsatile perfusion and 18-hours of cold storage of canine pancreas are compared. Both methods of preservation yield the same endocrine pancreas function. However preservation of pancreas by perfusion results in considerable oedema of the gland and high enzyme activity in the perfusate. Therefore, cold storage should be used for the preservation of pancreas.

[Urine stream pressure and urethral energy loss]. / Harnstrahldruck und urethraler Energieverlust.

In the present paper is reported on the estimation of several physical parameters of the urinary stream leaving the urethra in boys. Normal values which we determined in 33 boys could be compared with the measuring values in patients with subvesical disturbances of the passage. Proximal stenoses are characterized by a low residual energy of the urinary stream. In distal stenoses it is normal to increased. The clinical importance may result from the possibility of the diagnosis of disturbances in which quickly is to be reckoned with the development of secondary changes of the upper urinary tract with the help of a non-invasive method. The calculation of the urethral loss of energy allows further informations. It demands a suprapubic puncture of the urinary bladder for measuring the pressure.

[Computer-assisted analysis of the pressure behavior of the esophagogastric junction during increase in intragastric pressure]. / Rechnergestützte Analyse des Druckverhaltens am ösophagogastralen Ubergang während intragastrischer Drucksteigerung.

Two factors are to determine increasing lower esophageal sphincter pressure during intragastric pressure rising mainly: 1. the active intrinsic muscle tone and 2. the efficiency of the law by La Place. The purpose of the study was to estimate the part of both of them in this measurable phenomenon. We investigated 15 healthy volunteers and 5 patients post Nissen fundoplication. A simultaneous manometric examination of gaster and LES was carried out during gradual compression of abdominal wall. Analysis of dependence of LES-pressure on intragastric pressure, based on computer usage, was established. A linear equation described this dependence with the best correlation coefficient (r = 0.98) followed by potential and exponential equation. Fundoplication caused a steeper ascent without any changing of linear character of function. Considering linear equation is compatible with the law by La Place out not with a simultaneous pressure depending change of intrinsic muscle tone, these results indicate that the law by La Place has major importance in the measurable rising of high pressure zone during intragastric pressure increasing.

[Effect of local estriol therapy on the urethral pressure profile in the postmenopausal period]. / Zum Einfluss einer lokalen Estrioltherapie auf das Urethradruckprofil in der Postmenopause.

Measurements of the pressure in the urethra were performed under standardized conditions with the aid of perfused catheters in 20 fertile and 20 postmenopausal women, from it 12 women after local estrogen therapy by means of Ostriol-Ovula. Hormone-cytological swabs from the urethra, vagina and from the urinary cells were done. Proliferation of the urogenital epithelialia under the estriol-therapy and an ascent of the MUP and MUCP in the urethra pressure profile under resting conditions could be achieved. The maximum of the pressure profile could be displaced proximaly. In the urethra pressure profile the distal pressure transmission increased. Estriol therapy was without secondary effects and is suitable for the conservative therapy of the stress incontinence type I to III.

Determination of the urethral stress profile with the aid of perfused catheters.

To make manometric studies of urethral function and obtain exact recordings of the so-called stress profile requires a pressure rise rate which exceeds that of the pressure complex due to coughing. The syringe perfusion pump commonly used in urodynamics limits the pressure rise rate. The rate ist also reduced by catheters with high compliance. A suitable recording accuracy necessitates values greater than 150 kPa/s. This can be achieved with the aid of an improved pneumatic-hydraulic infusion system and low-compliance catheters. We describe the improvement of a recording system and demonstrate the importance of a suitable pressure rise rate.

[Diagnosis, classification and therapy of urge incontinence]. / Zur Diagnostik, Klassifikation und Therapie der Dranginkontinenz.

The motor urge incontinence is characterized through a hyperactivity of the detrusor muscle. Whereas in the secundar form of motor urge incontinence the evoked moment must be abolished in the primar form no method of choice exist. Many different drugs are used in the pharmacological therapy. Biofeedback will be more important in the future. The sensor urge incontinence is caused through urethral relaxation. For the objective assessment must be taken out intraurethral pressure measurements. In this measurements it gives some problems due to the influence of physiological functions.

[Manometric reading of rectal pressure profiles (author's transl)]. / Die rektoanale Perfusionsmanometrie--Methodik, Messwerte bei gesunden Kindern.

A catheter with two side holes is inserted into the rectum and perfused by a rate of 3,1 ml/min. When drawn back (0,7 mm/sec) the recto-anal pressure is recorded. In this way normal readings of the pressure profile are established in different age groups of children and compared with reading recorded by the open-tip-method.

[Method of measuring pressure using perfusion manometry]. / Zur Methodik der Druckmessung mittels Perfusionsmanometrie.

Based on the principle of perfusion manometry, a device for the assessment of intraluminal pressures in urethra and anal canal is presented. The technical parameters are reported. The method may be utilized for clinical diagnosis in cases of disturbed micturition and defecation in children as well as for the function of esophagus.

[Urodynamic miction studies--physiological aspects]. / Urodynamische Miktionsuntersuchungen - physiologische Aspekte.

In this work, definition and interpretation of different functional parameters, which were obtained through urodynamic investigations, are given. Normal patterns in child age are presented. They were the results of personal studies in patients with normal urinary tract. The pressure curve must be seen as an entity. The so-called after contraction is no detrusor contraction. But possibly it is the result of a determined lapse of contracting and relaxing occurrences in the different parts of the bladder and its outlet at the end of micturition.