Analysis of Tissue Repair of a New Cement Based on Calcium and Strontium Aluminates: A Triple-Blinded, Randomized, Controlled Trial in an Animal Model.

OBJECTIVE: The focus of this triple-blind randomized study was to evaluate the biocompatibility of a new root canal filling sealer (RCFS) based on tristrontium aluminate and dodecacalcium hepta-aluminate in living tissue. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Forty-five Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus) were divided into three groups: control (polyethylene), sealer (Bio-C Sealer, Londrina, PR, Brazil), and experimental (tristrontium aluminate and dodecacalcium hepta-aluminate). The tissues were analyzed under an optical microscope to assess different cellular events at different time intervals (7, 15, and 30 days). STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: Data were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn (p < 0.05) tests. RESULTS: In the initial period, a moderate inflammatory infiltrate was observed, similar between the endodontic cements groups (p = 0.725). The intensity of the infiltrate decreased with time, with no significant difference among the groups (p > 0.05). The number of young fibroblasts was elevated in all groups evaluated at 7 days. The experimental group showed the highest number of cells at all time intervals, but the difference with the sealer group at 7 (p = 0.001) and 15 days (p = 0.002) and the control group at 30 days was not significant (p = 0.001). Regarding tissue repair events, the amount of collagen fibers increased over the experimental intervals, with no significant difference between the sealer and control groups (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION: The experimental RCFS based on calcium and strontium aluminates proved to be biocompatible for use in close contact with periapical tissue, inducing a low inflammatory reaction and favoring rapid tissue repair.

Chitosan-Based Biomaterial, Calcium Hydroxide and Chlorhexidine for Potential Use as Intracanal Medication.

The objective of this study was to develop a chitosan-based biomaterial with calcium hydroxide and 2% chlorhexidine for intracanal treatment application and, consequently, to diminish the number of microorganisms in the root canal system. The chitosan solution was prepared by dissolving it in 2% and 4% acetic acid (v/v) for 1 h at room temperature (25 °C) with magnetic agitation (430 rpm). Calcium hydroxide was obtained in two stages: the first was the synthesis of the calcium oxide-CaO, and the second was that of the calcium hydroxide-Ca(OH)2. The samples were developed using different concentrations of chitosan, calcium hydroxide, and chlorhexidine 2%. They were codified as Ca(OH)2 + Q2% (M1), Ca(OH)2 + Q4% (M2), Ca(OH)2 + Q2% + CLX (M3), Ca(OH)2 + Q4% + CLX (M4), Ca(OH)2 + Q2% + PEG (M5), and Ca(OH)2 + Q4% + PEG (M6). They were characterized through Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and rheological measurement, and the antimicrobial activity was evaluated in vitro. Characteristic absorption bands of the source materials used in this research were observed in the FTIR spectra. The X-ray diffraction technique indicated that the material has a semi-crystalline structure and that the presence of calcium hydroxide made the biomaterial more crystalline. The viscosity measurement showed a pseudoplastic behavior of the studied samples. The microbiologic analysis was positive for all samples tested, with bigger inhibition zones for the samples M3 and M4. As a result, we conclude that the formulation developed based on chitosan is promising and has potential to be an intracanal medication.

In vivo Hemostatic Activity of Jatropha mollissima: A Triple-Blinded, Randomized, Controlled Trial in an Animal Model.

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to evaluate the hemostatic activity of the sap from Jatropha mollissima (Pohl) Baill. in rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-four Wistar rats were randomized into four groups (n = 6): the JM25 and JM40 groups were treated with ethanolic extract from the sap of J. mollissima, in a concentration of 25 and 40 mg·mL1, respectively; the MO group was treated with Monsel's solution and the control group SC with a 0.9% sodium chloride solution. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: Data were submitted to the Kurskal-Wallis' test, followed by Dunn's post hoc (p < 0.05). RESULTS: There was a significant reduction in the bleeding time of the group from the JM25 extract (p = 0.001) when compared with MO and SC. There were no statistically significant differences between groups JM25 and JM40 (p > 0.05). The JM25 group did not present rebleeding, a result significantly different from the MO group (p = 0.001). Monsel's solution showed significant bleeding, six times greater than the control group SC. CONCLUSION: The J. mollissima extract, in the concentration of 25 mg·mL1, showed the highest hemostatic efficiency and was found to be a promising biomaterial for the elaboration of a hemostatic product.

Análise comparativa da precisão e da confiabilidade de dois localizadores eletrônicos foraminais: um estudo in vitro

Introdução: atualmente, existe uma gama de localizadores eletrônicos disponíveis no mercado, e nem todos esses aparelhos são precisos na determinação do comprimento de trabalho, tornando necessários estudos que avaliem a sua precisão. Objetivo: realizar uma análise comparativa in vitro da precisão e da confiabilidade de dois localizadores eletrônicos foraminais, na determinação do comprimento de patência. Materiais e método: foram utilizados, no estudo, trinta dentes humanos extraídos. O comprimento real do dente foi mensurado com lima tipo K n.10 até o aparecimento de sua ponta rente ao forame, que é observado com lupa. Para mensuração eletrônica, foi utilizada base experimental preenchida com espuma floral e embebida em cloreto de sódio a 0,9%, na qual os dentes foram suportados. As mensurações foram realizadas por dois examinadores previamente calibrados, com o Novapex e o Joypex 5 em triplicata, tanto antes quanto após o preparo do ter- ço cervical com brocas Gates Glidden. Os dados foram tabulados e analisados utilizando-se os testes t-Student e ANOVA one-way. Os localizadores foram classificados em preciso, aceitável e errôneo. Resultados: as médias de odontometria do Novapex e do Joypex 5, antes e após o preparo cervical, diferiram minimamente entre si, não se observando diferenças estatísticas entre elas. A somatória dos escores preciso e aceitável, para o Novapex, antes e após o preparo cervical, foi de 79,9%, e para o Joypex 5, antes do preparo, foi de 76,66% e, após o preparo, de 96,32%, não havendo diferenças estatísticas entre esses. Conclusão: ambos os localizadores foram considerados capazes de determinar com precisão e confiabilidade o comprimento do canal radicular.

Esferas de quitosana/D. ambrosioides (mastruz) para aplicação como biomaterial / Chitosan/D. ambrosioides (mastruz) spheres to be applied as a biomaterial

Objetivo: Desenvolver esferas de quitosana/D. ambrosioides (mastruz) para aplicação como biomaterial. Material e Métodos: Para obtenção das esferas de quitosana e quitosana com extrato alcoólico bruto do mastruz (EAB) utilizou-se a técnica de GeleificaçãoIonotrópica. Foram formados quatro grupos: QO- quitosana; Q5; Q10 e Q20, quitosana com 5%, 10% e 20% de EAB, respectivamente. Foram caracterizadas por Microscopia Óptica (MO); Citotoxicidade e Biodegradação. Resultados: NoMO, observou-se esferas bem delimitadas e mais escuras, à medida que o percentual do EAB aumentou. Todos os grupos foram não citotóxicos. Na presença de lisozima, observou-se perda de massa, já na solução tampão fosfato salina (PBS) constatou-se ganho de massa. Conclusão: Conclui-se que as esferas apresentaram potencial para utilização como biomaterial.

Objective: This worked aimed to develop chitosan/D. ambrosioides (mastruz) spheres to be applied as a biomaterial. Material and Methods: To obtain the chitosan spheres and the chitosan with crude ethanolic extract of mastruz (CEE) the Ionotropic gelation technique was used. Four groups were formed: QO- Chitosan; Q5; Q10 and Q20, Chitosan with 5%, 10% and 20% of CEE, respectively. Were characterized by Optic Microscopy (OM); Cytotoxicity and Biodegradation.Results: InOM, well delimited and darker spheres were observed, as the CEE percentage increased. All groups were noncytotoxic. In the presence of lysozyme, mass loss was observed, as for in solution Phosphate Buffered Saline (PBS) the mass gain was found. Conclusion: It can be concluded that the spheres presented potential for use as a biomaterial.

Avaliação do nível de conhecimento dos estudantes de Educação Física sobre a avulsão dentária / Assessment of the level of knowledge of Physical Education students on the tooth avulsion

Essa pesquisa objetivou avaliar o nível de conhecimento dos estudantes de Educação Física de uma instituição de ensino superior da cidade de Patos- PB sobre a avulsão dentária. Para isto foi elaborado e aplicado um questionário estruturado e padronizado com 81 estudantes do referido curso, através do qual 39% responderam corretamente o que seria a avulsão dentária; 91% nunca receberam informações sobre o atendimento ao paciente vítima desse tipo de trauma e 35% afirmaram que o procedimento de eleição, nesses casos, seria a restauração do dente. Com base nos resultados conclui-se que os estudantes de educação física necessitam de um conhecimento mais abrangente sobre os traumatismos dentários e, consequentemente, a avulsão dentária, tão comuns de ocorrer em atividades práticas desportivas.

This research aimed assess the level of knowledge of students of physical education from a university the Patos-PB city about tooth avulsion. For this has been developed and implemented a structured and standardized questionnaire about dental trauma with 81 students of that course, whereby 39% answered correctly what would be the tooth avulsion; 91% never received information about patient care victim of such trauma and 35% said that the election procedure in such cases would be the restoration of the tooth. Based on the results it is concluded that PE students require a more comprehensive understanding of the subject since the trauma and thus the tooth avulsion is common practice to occur in sports activities.

Diabetes Melito: Dificuldades de Acesso e Adesão de Pacientes ao Programa de Saúde da Família / Diabetes Mellitus: Difficulties of Access and Patient Adhesion to the Family Health Program

Este estudo foi desenvolvido com o objetivo de traçare conhecer o perfil dos pacientes portadores de diabetes melito,residentes na área de abrangência da USF III, no municípiode Condado-PB. Material e Métodos: Trata-se de uma pesquisaquanti-qualitativa, cuja coleta de dados se deu através deuma entrevista estruturada, seguida de exame clínico bucal,realizados em visitas domiciliares. No momento da pesquisaefetuou-se a aferição da pressão arterial dos entrevistados,assim como os níveis de glicemia dos mesmos. Resultados:Observou-se que 56% dos entrevistados apresentaram alteraçãona pressão arterial e 76% se encontraram, durante a coleta dedados, com sua glicemia acima dos valores consideradosnormais. Verificou-se que 56% foi atendido no serviço público,o principal motivo de ida ao dentista entre os idosos foi a dorde dente (44%), e que 73% dos pacientes não sentemnecessidade de atendimento odontológico atualmente, o quedeve estar associado ao alto nível de edentulismo (59%), assimcomo aos sentimentos de medo (38%), ansiedade e tensão(14%), despertados nestes pacientes, antes e durante oatendimento odontológico. Dentre as manifestações bucaisencontradas nestes pacientes, podemos citar: presença de lesãode cárie (6%), de restos radiculares (9%) e de doençaperiodontal (20%), como também o aparecimento de lesõesem comissura labial, lábio inferior e nariz. Conclusão: A buscapela atenção em saúde bucal pelos idosos diabéticos ocorreuprincipalmente em serviço público, sendo a experiência dador o principal motivo de procura nas últimas consultas...

This study was carried out with the objective oftracing and knowing the profile of patients having diabetesmellitus who live in the coverage area of the Family HealthProgram III in the municipality of Condado – PB. Material andMethods: This is a quantitative and qualitative research, whosedata collection occurred by structured interview, followed byoral clinic examinations accomplished at home visits. Duringthis study, blood pressure of the interviewers was verified, aswell as their glycemic levels. Results: The main results were:56% showed alteration in blood pressure and 76% had theirglycemic levels above standard values. It was verified that56% of patients was supported by public service, and amongelderly tooth pain (44%) was the chief-complaint; 73% of thepatients did not feel they needed any dental care, which mustbe associated to the high edentulous level (59%), as well as tothe feelings of fear (38%), anxiety and tension (14%), risingbefore and during dental treatment. Among the oralmanifestations found in these patients, are: presence of decaylesions (6%), root remains (9%) and periodontal diseases (20%),as well as presence of lesions in lip commissure, lower lip andnose. Conclusion: The pursuit for oral health care by elderlydiabetic people occurred, mainly, in public services, and thepain was the main reason for this pursuit in the last appointments.Most of the interviewed people (59%) were toothless. Delay inlooking for dental services is due to several factors such asphysical incapacity of some of the interviewed; fear and anxietybefore and during the treatment, and also geographical barriers.The characterization of the users’ profile and the knowledgeabout their needs have contributed to structure a service whichencourage the adhesion to treatment and maintenance oforal health...