Patterns of serotonergic antidepressant usage in prodromal Huntington disease.

Antidepressant usage in prodromal Huntington Disease (HD) remains uncharacterized, despite its relevance in designing experiments, studying outcomes of HD, and evaluating the efficacy of therapeutic interventions. We searched baseline medication logs of 787 prodromal HD and 215 healthy comparison (HC) participants for antidepressant use. Descriptive and mixed-effects logistic regression modeling characterized usage across participants. At baseline, approximately one in five prodromal HD participants took antidepressants. Of those, the vast majority took serotonergic antidepressants (selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) or serotonin/norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (SNRI)). Significantly more prodromal HD participants used serotonergic antidepressants than their HC counterparts. Because of the prevalence of these medications, further analyses focused on this group alone. Mixed-effects logistic regression modeling revealed significant relationships of both closer proximity to diagnosis and female sex with greater likelihood to be prescribed a serotonergic antidepressant. More prodromal HD participants took antidepressants in general and specifically the subclass of serotonergic antidepressants than their at-risk counterparts, particularly when they were closer to predicted time of conversion to manifest HD. These propensities must be considered in studies of prodromal HD participants.

Suicidal behavior in prodromal Huntington disease.

BACKGROUND: Several studies have suggested a greater risk of suicide in Huntington disease (HD); however, unique risk factors for suicide in HD are not established. OBJECTIVE: We sought to determine risk factors for suicidal behavior, defined as suicide or attempted suicide, in prodromal HD. METHODS: From the prospective PREDICT-HD cohort, we identified 735 cases with HD gene expansion but no manifest symptoms of HD and 194 non-gene-expanded controls. In survival analysis, a number of potential risk factors for suicidal behavior were assessed, including symptoms of depression, hopelessness, substance abuse, marital status, gender, and psychiatric history. RESULTS: During a mean of 3.7 years of prospective follow-up, 12 cases (1.6%) attempted suicide and 1 completed suicide (0.1%). No suicides were observed among controls. In univariate Cox proportional hazards regression models, a history of suicide attempts (HR 8.5, 95% CI 2.8-26.1, p < 0.0002) and a Beck Depression Inventory II score >13 (HR 7.2, 95% CI 2.3-22.0, p < 0.0006) were associated with suicidal behavior. These risk factors had independent effects in multivariate models. A history of incarceration in the past 2 years was also associated (HR 12.5, 95% CI 2.7-56.6, p < 0.002), though uncommon. No further risk factors were identified. CONCLUSION: A history of suicide attempts and the presence of depression are strongly predictive of suicidal behavior in prodromal HD. As these risk factors are among the most robust risk factors for suicide, established suicide risk factors appear applicable to those with prodromal HD.