Long-term efficacy and safety of extracorporeal shock wave therapy (Li-ESWT) protocols in the treatment of chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS) patients.

AIM: This study aims to evaluate the long-term effectiveness of Li-ESWT in chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS) patients and to compare the effect of treatment protocol differences on success. METHOD: Between December 2019 and January 2021, the data of male patients over the age of 18 who applied to the urology outpatient clinic with CP/CPPS symptoms were retrospectively analyzed. International Prostate Symptom Index (IPSS) and International Index of Erectile Function-Erectile Function (IIEF-EF) questionnaires were filled in for the evaluation of erectile function. All patients received treatment with the Medispect Bold Li-ESWT. The treatment responses of the patients who received a total of 6 sessions from one session per week and 12 sessions from two sessions per week were compared. RESULTS: A total of 129 patients were included in the study. Significant improvements were observed in the NIH-CPSI, IPSS, and IIEF-EF scores at the third month follow-ups of the patients after EWST (p < 0.001 for each). Improvements in scores were also found to be significant in NIH-CPSI, IPSS, and IIEF-EF at the 12th month evaluation. When the patients were evaluated according to the number of Li-ESWT sessions they received, the IPSS score average of the patient group who received 12 sessions of Li-ESWT was found to be lower than the patients who received 6 sessions of Li-ESWT (5.67 ± 2, 30 vs 4.51 ± 2.21; p = 0.005). There was no significant difference in the IIEF-EF and IPSS scores in the 12th month evaluations of the patients, but the mean NIH-CPSI score was found to be higher in the group that received 12 sessions of Li-ESWT (p = 0.003). CONCLUSION: Li-ESWT in the treatment of CP/CPPS patients shows positive improvements in urinary symptoms, erectile function, and quality of life in patients unresponsive to other medical treatments. The increase in the number of sessions does not seem to influence the symptoms of the patients.

Efficacy and Safety of Extracorporeal Shock Wave Therapy in the Treatment of Chronic Prostatitis/Chronic Pelvic Pain Syndrome and Acquired Premature Ejaculation Patients.

INTRODUCTION: The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) in patients with acquired premature ejaculation (APE) due to chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS). METHOD: Patients with APE due to CP/CPPS between January 2020 and June 2022 were included in the study. Demographic data of the patients were recorded, and the degree of their symptoms was evaluated with the National Institutes of Health-Chronic Prostatitis Symptom Index (NIH-CPSI), premature ejaculation diagnostic tool (PEDT), and Premature Ejaculation Profile (PEP). The international prostate symptom index (IPSS) was also used for lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS), and the international erectile function index-erectile function (IIEF-EF) was used to evaluate erectile functions. All patients received treatment with the Medispec Bold Li-ESWT device without using any anesthesia method (12 sessions). The changes in the symptom scores of the patients were evaluated before the treatment and at the 3rd month after the treatment. RESULTS: A total of 42 patients were included in the study. The mean age of the patients was 43.75 ± 12.03 (20-55), and the mean BMI was 23.58 ± 7.61 (18.03-35.98) kg/m2. The patients' estimated mean intravaginal ejaculation latency time (IELT) before ESWT was 37.98 ± 21.87 s. After a total of 12 sessions of ESWT, the IIEF-EF, IPSS, NIH-CPSI, and PEP index scores of the patients showed significant improvements (p < 0.001 for each). The IELT mean increased to 74.81 ± 46.79 s (p < 0.001). Posttreatment IELT fold increase was determined as 3.25 ± 1.72 fold. A highly significant positive correlation (p = 0.032; r = 0.839) was found between the CPSI score difference and the posttreatment PEP index score. CONCLUSION: Li-ESWT treatment is an effective and safe treatment with positive effects on both LUTS and premature ejaculation in patients with APE symptoms due to CP/CPPS. Patients who benefit from CP treatment also have longer IELT times.

Comparison of Open and Robot-Assisted Kidney Transplantation in terms of Perioperative and Postoperative Outcomes.

Background: The gold standard treatment method for end-stage renal disease (ESRD) is renal transplantation (RT). RT can be done with open or minimally invasive surgical methods. We aimed to compare the outcomes between patients who underwent robot-assisted renal transplantation (RART) and open renal transplantation (ORT). Methods: Data of the patients who underwent ORT or RART in two institutions between June 2015 and February 2020 were retrospectively reviewed. Patients who underwent live donor RT were included, and all donor nephrectomy procedures were performed by the laparoscopic technique. Demographic data, ischemia times, anastomosis times, operation times, and postoperative complications were recorded. Results: 98 patients were included in the ORT group, while 91 patients were included in the RART group. There was a significant difference between the two groups regarding mean patient age. While total ischemia time was 86.9 ± 7 minutes in the RART group, it was calculated as 71.2 ± 3.3 minutes in the ORT group, with a significant difference. The anastomosis time was significantly shorter in the ORT group than in the RART group. The incision length and duration of hospital stay were significantly shorter, visual analogue scores were significantly lower, and estimated blood loss was less in the RART group than in the ORT group. Conclusion: Both ORT and RART are effective and safe methods for treating ESRD. According to our study, RART is associated with relatively longer ischemia times but lower complication rates and higher patient comfort.

Prediction of Prostate Cancer Aggressiveness Using a Novel Multiparametric Magnetic Resonance Imaging Parameter: Tumor Heterogeneity Index.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: The aim of this study was to evaluate if the tumor heterogeneity index can predict the aggressiveness of prostate cancer (PCa) in patients diagnosed by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) fusion biopsy. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Patients who underwent MRI fusion prostatic biopsy between July 2019 and December 2020 were retrospectively reviewed. Tumor heterogeneity index (coefficient of variation [CV]) and PI-RADS v2.1 scoring were analyzed by using multiparametric MRI. The patients were divided into 3 groups according to the risk classification, and the correlation between tumor heterogeneity index and PCa aggressiveness was studied by using apparent diffusion coefficient (ADCmean and ADCcv), Gleason score (GS), and risk classifications. RESULTS: One hundred two patients were included in this study. Patients were evaluated as low-risk (group 1) (n = 35), moderate-risk (group 2) (n = 37), and high-risk (group 3) (n = 30). ADCmean values for all groups were significantly different (p < 0.0001). ADCcv tumor heterogeneity index values were higher in group 2 and group 3 by the score increases in subgroups according to GS, while being higher than group 1 (p < 0.001). The multivariate analysis revealed that prostate-specific antigen, PI-RADS, ADCmean, and ADCcv values were predictive for tumor aggressiveness. CONCLUSION: ADCcv value as a tissue texture parameter can be used as a new biomarker to evaluate tumor aggressiveness in patients with PCa.

The correlation between biological activity and diffusion-weighted MR imaging and ADC value in cases with prostate cancer.

PURPOSE: Firstly, we aimed to investigate the correlation among dynamic contrasted magnetic resonance (MR) images, diffusion-weighted MR images, and apparent diffusion coefficent (ADC) values in patients with prostate cancer. Secondly, we aimed to investigate the roles of these variables on clinical risk classification and the biological behavior of the prostate cancer. METHODS: A total of sixty with prostatic adenocarcinoma patients diagnosed between January 2011 and May 2013 were retrospectively included in the study. Risk classification of patients were evaluated as low-risk (Group 1) (n = 20) (Stage T1c-T2a, PSA < 10 ng/ml, Gleason Score < 7), moderate-risk (Group 2) (n = 18) (Stage T1b-T2c, PSA = 10-20 ng/ml, Gleason Score = 7) and high-risk (Group 3) (n = 22) (Stage > T3a, PSA > 20 ng/ml, Gleason Score > 7). Diffusion-weighted MR images, dynamic contrasted MR images, and ADC values of the prostates were correlated. RESULTS: ADC values of the cases in Group 3 were lower than those of the other groups (p < 0.001). ADC values of the areas without malignancy did not differ significantly between groups (p > 0.05). Biological activity of the tumor tissue was determined by GS, while a negative correlation was observed between GSs and ADC values of the patients, (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: In tumors with higher Gleason scores, lower ADC values were obtained. These measured values can play a role in the noninvasive determination of the cellularity of the tumoral mass.

Fascia-sparing intrafascial nerve-sparing robot-assisted radical prostatectomy and anatomic vesicourethral anastomosis: point of technique.

OBJECTIVES: Nerve-sparing radical prostatectomies provide excellent control of cancer, but the recovery of continence and sexual function are uncertain. We report the operative details and surgical techniques of a robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP) experiences for organ confined prostate cancer. METHODS: Between the years of 2009 and 2012, 68 patients with clinically localized prostate cancer underwent fascia-sparing intrafascial nerve-sparing robot-assisted radical prostatectomy and anatomic vesicourethral anastomosis. None of the patients were incontinent. 48 of them had an IIEF-5 potency score equal or greater than 22, without receiving phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors. Our techniques included preservation of the bladder neck, preservation of the endopelvic fascia and puboprostatic ligaments, a nerve-sparing intrafascial approach, selective suturing of the dorsal venous complex, and anterior and posterior reconstruction. We evaluated the patients at the 1st, 3rd, 6th, and 12th postoperative months to determine if these techniques are correlated with early recovery of urinary continence and potency. RESULTS: The mean operation time was 258.2±78.5 minutes, and the mean estimated blood loss was 111.2±22.9 cc during the operation. A nerve-sparing procedure was performed bilaterally in 62 (91.2 %) cases and unilaterally in 6 (8.8%) cases. The mean drain extraction time was 2.3±0.9 days, and the mean hospital stay was 3.4±1.1 days. The catheter was removed on postoperative day 9.9±0.9. The surgical margin was positive in 10 (14.7%) patients. The continence rates at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months were 74.2%, 76.9%, 80.6%, and 95.6%, respectively. During the same period, among the patients without ED, the potency rates were 29.4%, 38.2%, 54.1%, and 75%, respectively All operations were completed successfully, and there were no major complications. CONCLUSIONS: A more comprehensive approach for reporting prostate cancer surgery outcomes is needed. Our study findings suggest that fascia-sparing techniques positively influence the early recovery of urinary continence. However, randomized controlled trials with large samples are needed.

99mTc-PSMA targeted robot-assisted radioguided surgery during radical prostatectomy and extended lymph node dissection of prostate cancer patients.

OBJECTIVE: The feasibility of tracer production of 99mtechnetium (Tc)-prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-I&S sterile cold kit, imaging with single photon emission tomography/computed tomography (SPECT/CT), and 99mTc-PSMA-radioguided robot-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (99mTc-PSMA-RG-RALRP) technique for lymph node (LN) dissection of primary prostate cancer (PCa) patients were evaluated prospectively. METHODS: Fifteen primary PCa patients with intermediate- or high-risk score according to D'Amico risk stratification who had PSMA receptor affinity with Ga-68 PSMA-11 PET/CT were enrolled. After 99mTc-PSMA-I&S injection and SPECT/CT imaging, 99mTc-PSMA-RG-RALRP with DaVinci XI robotic platform and laparoscopic gamma probe were performed. Radioactive rating of resected tissue was compared with post-operative histopathology. Physiological and pathological uptakes of organs and tissues for both imaging modalities were compared. RESULTS: Physiological radiotracer distribution was similar for both imaging modalities. PCa lesions were much more visible on PET/CT. Metastatic LNs could not be visualized with SPECT/CT. Eighteen of 297 totally dissected LNs were metastatic, which were exactly the same with per-operative probe counts with sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, and negative and positive predictive value of all 100%. The median follow-up was 23.5 ± 4.6 months. tPSA reduction was > 98%. The 2.5 years biochemical recurrence-free survival, PCa-specific treatment-free survival and overall survival rates were 86,7%, 66,7% and 100%, respectively. CONCLUSION: Tc-99 m-PSMA-RG-RALRP is a promising technique for extended pelvic lymph node dissection (ePLND) during robotic surgery, which may shorten the operation time and reduce complication risks. If LN metastases is detected during surgery with PSMA-targeted probe, it may be an early indicator of PCa-spesific treatment planning. Tc-99 m-PSMA-I&S SPECT/CT is not as successful as Ga-68 PSMA-11 PET/CT for diagnosis of primary PCA lesions or LN metastases.

Bilateral Corpus Cavernosum and Complete Urethral Rupture: A Double Trouble.

Penile fracture is a rare urologic emergency. The main finding is a partial disruption of one or both cavernosal bodies due to blunt trauma of the penis during an erection. Complete or partial injury of the urethra may accompany the penile fracture but complete urethral rupture is rarely encountered. In this study, we present the management of a penile fracture case with disruption of both corpus cavernosum with total urethral rupture.

Unusual foreign body in the vesico-urethral; 195 cm liquid pipe.

Insertion of foreign bodies into the genitourinary system is a pathological action believed to increase sexual gratification usually for psychiatric patients and mentally retarded cases especially during masturbation. In this report, we represented a male case who is inserted a 195 cm cannula by himself into the bladder through the urethra because of his psychiatric disorder.