[Risk factors of ischemic heart disease and arteriosclerosis among the population of Tallinn: their relation to age, sex and ethnic origin (a population study)]. / Faktory riska ishemicheskoi bolezni serdtsa i ateroskleroza u zhitelei Tallinna: sviaz' s vozrastom, polom, étnicheskoi prinadlezhnost'iu (populiatsionnoe issledovanie).

A random sample of males aged 30-54, females aged 30-54, and schoolchildren aged 10-14 years who live in Tallinn underwent a cross-sectional epidemiological study. A total of 4149 individuals were examined. The adults and children showed different atherogenic changes in lipid parameters, the former displayed high blood pressures, whereas the Estonian children had higher levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides, and diastolic blood pressure. The Estonian males had more pronounced atherogenic shifts of lipid parameters, low levels of high density lipoprotein cholesterol, while the Russians smoked more cigarettes. The Russian females had higher blood pressures and body weight index than the Estonian ones. Multiple regression analysis demonstrated that body weight was the most common correlate of blood pressure and lipid levels both for children and adults.

[The regional characteristics of the prevalence of elevated arterial pressure in the schoolchildren of Moscow, Tallinn and Novosibirsk (a cooperative study)]. / Regional'nye osobennosti rasprostraneniia povyshennogo arterial'nogo davleniia u shkol'nikov Moskvy, Tallinna i Novosibirska (kooperativenoe issledovanie).

The authors describe the results of a cooperative epidemiological screening of schoolchildren aged 11 to 14 years, living in Moscow, Tallinn and Novosibirsk. 1219 persons underwent screening in Moscow, 923 in Novosibirsk, and 1227 in Tallinn; the screening coverage was 88.3, 92 and 87.2%, respectively. The mean values of systolic and diastolic arterial pressure (AP), the anthropometric parameters, and of the degree of puberty are given with respect to the cities. The structure as well as predictors of high AP in schoolchildren differed with respect to the above-indicated cities. The highest AP values were identified in Moscow schoolchildren whereas the least ones in schoolchildren living in Tallinn. The data obtained were compared to those of the epidemiological screening of the male population aged 20 to 54 years, living in the same cities. A reverse correlation has been established.

[The regional characteristics of the blood plasma lipid levels and of the indices of arterial pressure and physical development in schoolchildren of Russian nationality living in different climatic-geographic areas (based on the data from a single study in Ashgabad, Moscow, Orenburg, Tyumen and Tallinn)]. / O regional'nykh osobennostiakh urovnei lipidov plazmy krovi, pokazatelei arterial'nogo davleniia i fizicheskogo razvitiia u shkol'nikov russkoi natsional'nosti, prozhivaiushchikh v razlichnykh klimatogeograficheskikh zonakh (po dannym odnomomentnogo issledovaniia v Ashgabade, Moskve, Orenburge, Tiumeni i Tallinne).

Random samples from a schoolchildren population living in different climatic and geographic regions were entered in the standard epidemiological survey. They were examined for plasma lipids vs. arterial pressure and physical development. Region-specific predictors of atherosclerosis were elucidated in Russian schoolchildren as an example. Cholesterol levels proved significantly higher in Tallinn schoolchildren (northwest territories), while the lowest ones occurred in Ashkhabad children (south territories).

[Metabolism and nutrition of young children in a children's home]. / Obmen veshchestv i pitanie detei rannego vozrasta v dome rebenka.

Certain parameters of protein and fat metabolism, as well as provision with vitamins A, B1, B2 and mineral substances (calcium, phosphorus and magnesium) were studied in infants aged 1-3 years, at the Tartu Children's Home No. 2. Simultaneously, the infants' nutrition and development were investigated. It was found that the mean parameters of the protein and fat metabolism were within the normal limits, however, vitamin A, B1, D and unsaturated fatty acids deficiency was recorded in the infants studied. Food imbalance, that was greater in spring, led to metabolic disorders, vitamin and mineral deficiency resulted in the infants' growth retardation. It is recommended that infants in the children's homes should be given higher amounts of vegetables, fruit, milk and vegetable oil rich in vitamins, and vitamins in concentrated form, in prophylactic doses.

[Effects of prophylactic vitamin administration to Tallin's schoolchildren on their health and physical development]. / Vliianie profilakticheskoi vitaminizatsii shkol'nikov Tallinna na ikh zdorov'e i fizicheskoe razvitie.

Data are presented on the influence of prophylactic vitamin administration to schoolchildren in two schools on their health. The morbidity rate significantly decreased, the levels of lysozyme in the saliva, hemoglobin in the blood and total protein in the blood serum rose in the children who received multivitamin "Undevitum" during 5-7 months, as compared to those who were not given the vitamins. Vitamin administration did not influence the physical development of schoolchildren.

Epidemiological characteristics of dyslipoproteinaemia and certain other risk factors of atherosclerosis and ischaemic heart disease in 11- and 14-year children in different climatogeographic zones. Results of a cooperative study.

The authors compare the prevalence of risk factors of atherosclerosis and ischaemic heart disease (dyslipoproteinaemia, elevated arterial pressure, overweight, smoking, low physical activity) in representative samples of 11- and 14-year old school-children in Moscow, Novosibirsk and Tallin. The number of pupils subjected to medical examination totalled 3369; the respondence rate was 87-92%. There appeared a number of regional differences: the study in Moscow showed the highest prevalence of elevated arterial pressure and overweight, in Novosibirsk - hypertriglyceridaemia, in Tallin - hypercholesterolaemia. The most unfavourable situation was registered in school-children in Novosibirks. The authors conclude that when planning preventive measures among the population it is necessary to take into account regional specificities and differences in the intensity of risk factors in children populations.