RESUMO
A Neuroepidemiological survey was carried at Malda district, 350 Km away from Calcutta; exactly at midpoint between Siliguri and Calcutta on a rural population of 37,286 (M 18,057; F 19,229; 1981 Census) under three Gram Panchayat areas with the help of non-professionals like Gram Panchayat members, ICDS workers, multipurpose health workers and motivated local youths, based on W.H.O. protocol (1981). House to house survey was carried out. Sensitivity reached 90 and Specificity 86. Total 961 individuals with neurological problems were screened and classified according to simple, but well defined criteria. Single disease was seen in 857 patients and 104 patients had double disease. Crude prevalence rate stands at ( 2856.26 per 1,00,000), epilepsy (305 per 1,00,000), vertigo (24.45 per 1,00,000), mental retardation (42.90 per 1,00,000), paralytic poliomyelitis (53.63 per, 1,00,000), movement disorders (26.81 per 1,00,000), spinal cord disorders (21 per 1,00,000), motor neurone disease (2.7 pre 1,00,000), development of speech and language (34 per 1,00,000). Age specific prevalence disease showed progressive increase in rate with advancing age upto 4th decade followed by a slightly decrease plateau upto 60 years of age and then sharp decline. Age and sex specific disease prevalence shows female dominance with maximum cases in 4th decade.
RESUMO
A pilot survey was undertaken in an urban district population of West Bengal, to study the magnitude of problems of Neurological disorders in the Community. The study was performed by Professionals, headed by a Neurologist, using accepted WHO protocol (1981) for neuroepidemiological survey. Point prevalence rate was found to be 75 per 1000. Sensitivity and specificity of the case study came out to be 98.97% and 99.6% respectively.
Assuntos
Doenças do Sistema Nervoso/epidemiologia , Adulto , Criança , Inquéritos Epidemiológicos , Humanos , Índia/epidemiologia , Projetos Piloto , Prevalência , Sensibilidade e Especificidade , Saúde da População UrbanaAssuntos
Doenças do Sistema Nervoso/diagnóstico , Doenças do Sistema Nervoso/tratamento farmacológico , Doenças do Sistema Nervoso Periférico/diagnóstico , Prednisolona/uso terapêutico , Sarcoidose/diagnóstico , Sarcoidose/tratamento farmacológico , Acidente Vascular Cerebral/diagnóstico , Adulto , Biópsia por Agulha , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Feminino , Seguimentos , Humanos , Índia , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Doenças do Sistema Nervoso Periférico/tratamento farmacológico , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X , Resultado do TratamentoAssuntos
Sarcoidose/diagnóstico , Sarcoidose/terapia , Adulto , Feminino , Humanos , Sarcoidose/complicaçõesRESUMO
We have cloned and characterized the MCM16 gene required for the maintenance of minichromosomes in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. This gene corresponds to a 181-amino acid ORF, YPR046W, on chromosome XVI. Mutant cells carrying minichromosomes accumulate them in higher copy numbers than do wild-type cells. Intact dicentric plasmid could be recovered from the mutant, in contrast to the wild-type, in which the plasmid suffered frequent deletions. A wild-type centromere, CEN6, acts as a block to the transcription of a reporter gene, such as beta-galactosidase. This block was less effective in the mutant than in the wild-type strain, suggesting alterations in kinetochore assembly in the former. The mutant also showed increased sensitivity to the antimitotic drugs benomyl and thiabendazole. The mcm16 mutation caused a high rate of loss of chromosome III, without any significant increase in the recombination frequency. A strain carrying a deletion-disruption derivative of the MCM16 gene was viable and, when compared to the wild-type, did not show any significant changes in growth rate or cell morphology at 16, 23 and 37 degrees C. These properties show that MCM16 is required for an important but nonessential role that governs the kinetochore-microtubule mediated process of chromosome segregation.
Assuntos
Segregação de Cromossomos , Proteínas Fúngicas/genética , Proteínas de Saccharomyces cerevisiae , Saccharomyces cerevisiae/genética , Deleção Cromossômica , Clonagem Molecular , Proteínas de Ligação a DNA , Proteínas Fúngicas/metabolismo , Cinetocoros , Microtúbulos/genética , Mutação , Fenótipo , Plasmídeos , Proteínas Recombinantes/genética , Proteínas Recombinantes/metabolismo , Transcrição Gênica , beta-Galactosidase/genética , beta-Galactosidase/metabolismoRESUMO
The mcm19 mutation in budding yeast affects minichromosome maintenance. In this work we have shown that this mutation leads to defects in the segregation of minichromosomes and chromosomes. The mutant cells show defective kinetochore function as judged by three criteria-- relaxation of the transcriptional block normally associated with a CEN box, stable maintenance of a dicentric plasmid in mutant cells, and mild sensitivity to the antimicrotubule drug benomyl. The MCM19 gene has been cloned and found to be the same as IML3, which codes for the ORF YBR107C. Deletion of the gene was not lethal, nor did it confer any growth defects on the mutant cells. However, the mcm19 null mutation conferred growth defects in the presence of a mutation in the TUB1 gene coding for alpha-tubulin. Two-hybrid experiments showed an interaction between Im13p/Mcm19p and the kinetochore protein Ch14, indicating that the Im13/Mcm19 protein has a role in kinetochore function.