RESUMO
The ventral pallidum (VP) contains GABA and glutamate neurons projecting to ventral tegmental area (VTA) whose stimulation drives approach and avoidance, respectively. Yet little is known about the mechanisms by which VP cell types shape VTA activity and drive behavior. Here, we found that both VP GABA and glutamate neurons were activated during approach to reward or by delivery of an aversive stimulus. Stimulation of VP GABA neurons inhibited VTA GABA, but activated dopamine and glutamate neurons. Remarkably, stimulation-evoked activation was behavior-contingent such that VTA recruitment was inhibited when evoked by the subject's own action. Conversely, VP glutamate neurons activated VTA GABA, as well as dopamine and glutamate neurons, despite driving aversion. However, VP glutamate neurons evoked dopamine in aversion-associated ventromedial nucleus accumbens (NAc), but reduced dopamine release in reward-associated dorsomedial NAc. These findings show how heterogeneous VP projections to VTA can be engaged to shape approach and avoidance behaviors.
Assuntos
Aprendizagem da Esquiva , Prosencéfalo Basal , Neurônios GABAérgicos , Ácido Glutâmico , Recompensa , Área Tegmentar Ventral , Área Tegmentar Ventral/fisiologia , Área Tegmentar Ventral/metabolismo , Área Tegmentar Ventral/citologia , Animais , Ácido Glutâmico/metabolismo , Prosencéfalo Basal/metabolismo , Prosencéfalo Basal/fisiologia , Masculino , Neurônios GABAérgicos/metabolismo , Neurônios GABAérgicos/fisiologia , Aprendizagem da Esquiva/fisiologia , Camundongos , Dopamina/metabolismo , Núcleo Accumbens/metabolismo , Núcleo Accumbens/citologia , Núcleo Accumbens/fisiologia , Neurônios/metabolismo , Neurônios/fisiologia , Ácido gama-Aminobutírico/metabolismo , Neurônios Dopaminérgicos/metabolismo , Neurônios Dopaminérgicos/fisiologia , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , Comportamento Animal/fisiologiaRESUMO
The ventral pallidum (VP) contains GABA and glutamate (Glut) neurons projecting to ventral tegmental area (VTA) whose stimulation drives approach and avoidance, respectively. Yet little is known about the cell-type-specific mechanisms by which VP projections to VTA drive behavior. Here, we found that both VP GABA and Glut neurons were activated during approach to reward or delivery of an aversive stimulus. Stimulation of VP GABA neurons inhibited VTA GABA, but activated dopamine (DA) and glutamate neurons. Remarkably, this cell-type-specific recruitment was behavior-contingent such that VTA recruitment was inhibited when evoked by the subject's own action. Conversely, VP Glut neurons activated VTA GABA, as well as DA and Glut neurons, despite driving aversion. However, VP Glut neurons evoked DA in reward-associated ventromedial nucleus accumbens (NAc), but reduced DA in aversion-associated dorsomedial NAc. These findings show how heterogeneous VP cell types can engage VTA cell types to shape approach and avoidance behaviors.