RESUMO
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to synthesize previous findings and provide practical guidance for maximizing nurse manager and nurse performance. BACKGROUND: Two recent studies have linked nurse manager job design factors and individual differences to a variety of valued outcomes, but practical implications remain unclear. METHODS: A large US sample of nurse managers was divided on the basis of nurse and patient outcomes. Various characteristics are compared across the highest and lowest performers. RESULTS: Wider nurse manager span of control is associated with negative outcomes; the availability of support positions does not fully alleviate the consequences of wide spans. Nurse managers with fewer subordinates can effectively manage multiple units. Nurse manager experience is critical for success and cannot be fully replaced by leadership training programs. CONCLUSIONS: Staffing and job design decisions have critical downstream implications. The present research provides guidance for effective staffing and job design.
Assuntos
Enfermeiros Administradores , Humanos , Liderança , Recursos Humanos , Satisfação no EmpregoRESUMO
The importance of nurse managers' practice environments in affecting outcomes for direct care nurses and patients has been well-researched. Nonetheless, much remains to be learned about the determinants of the nurse manager practice environment. In this study, 541 US nurse managers' survey responses were matched to unit-level aggregate data of their subordinates' responses on the National Database of Nursing Quality Indicators. A model relating job design and experience to the nurse manager's practice environment and direct care nurse (i.e., job satisfaction, intent to stay, and joy and meaning in work) and patient outcomes (i.e., nurse-reported quality of care and missed nursing care) was evaluated through multilevel path analysis. Nurse manager span of control, support staff, and experience influence nurse managers' perceptions of their practice environment and nurse and patient outcomes. Although support staff can offset some negative effects of wide spans of control, it does not fully compensate for wide spans. Thus, nurse manager job design factors and experience relate to nurse manager practice environments and valued downstream outcomes. The present research emphasizes the importance of a positive nurse manager practice environment and provides guidance for nurse manager hiring and job design decisions.
Assuntos
Enfermeiros Administradores , Cuidados de Enfermagem , Recursos Humanos de Enfermagem Hospitalar , Humanos , Condições de Trabalho , Satisfação no Emprego , Inquéritos e Questionários , LiderançaRESUMO
AIMS: Identify and examine drivers of nurse manager competency and high-quality practice environments. BACKGROUND: Nurse managers are a key predictor of positive professional practice environments, which are, in turn, associated with nurse, patient, and organisational outcomes. However, little work has examined the factors that contribute to nurse manager competency. METHODS: Nurse managers completed online surveys, which were matched to unit-level aggregate data of their subordinate direct care nurses' responses on the National Database of Nursing Quality Indicators. This resulted in a final sample of 541 nurse managers across 47 U.S. hospitals. Multilevel path analysis was utilized to assess a model of the antecedents and consequences of nurse manager competency. RESULTS: Nurse manager competency and practice environments were predictive of missed nursing care and nurse-reported quality of care. Nurse manager experience was found to have twice the effect on competency as advanced education. CONCLUSIONS: Nurse manager competency and its downstream effects are achieved through nurse manager experience and advanced education. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING MANAGEMENT: Nurse manager competency yields better practice environments and nursing care. Considering the influence of experience, careful attention should be paid to the competency development process of more novice nurse managers.
Assuntos
Enfermeiros Administradores , Cuidados de Enfermagem , Estudos Transversais , Hospitais , Humanos , Qualidade da Assistência à Saúde , Inquéritos e QuestionáriosRESUMO
The present study advances research on the negative consequences of precarious work experiences (PWE), which include perceptions of threats to one's job and financial security as well as a sense of powerlessness and inability to exercise rights in the workplace. Using the COVID-19 pandemic as a backdrop, we examine how PWE relate to sickness presenteeism and worry about work-related COVID-19 exposure. In a 12-week, four-wave study of workers working fully in-person, perceptions of powerlessness and job insecurity were associated with presenteeism (e.g., general presenteeism as well as attending work with known or possible COVID-19 infection) and concerns about disease exposure at work. Whereas powerlessness primarily operated at the between-person level of analysis, job insecurity's effects emerged at both levels of analysis. A sense of powerlessness at work also predicted sending children to school/daycare sick. In sum, the findings suggest that precarity related to being able to keep one's job and a sense of powerlessness at work contribute to concerns about the risk of COVID-19 exposure at work and, simultaneously, behaviors that may contribute to the health risks faced by others. This research provides added support to the argument that precarious work should be addressed in order to improve both worker well-being and public health. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).
Assuntos
COVID-19 , Presenteísmo , Criança , Humanos , Pandemias , Local de Trabalho , Estresse PsicológicoRESUMO
The COVID-19 pandemic is a unique transboundary crisis which has disrupted people's way of life more dramatically than any event in generations. Given the ambiguity surrounding the end of the COVID-19 pandemic and its enduring negative effects, it is important to understand how this has affected important future of work trends. The aim of the current paper is to assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on commonly discussed future of work trends relevant to occupational safety and health priority areas. These topics include work arrangements, compensation and benefits, and the organization of work. For each topic, we assess trends leading up to the COVID-19 pandemic, discuss the impact of the pandemic on these trends, and conclude with implications for research and practice. Overall, the pandemic appears to have both accelerated and disrupted various trends associated with future of work topic areas. These effects are discussed in terms of implications for both policymakers and organizations.