RESUMO
The differential susceptibility to parenting model was examined in relation to toddler self-regulation in a prospective longitudinal study of infants born preterm or low birth weight. We followed 153 mother-infant dyads across five time points between the infant's Neonatal Intensive Care Unit stay and 24 months postterm. Assessments of infant temperament, quality of early parenting interactions, contextual variables, and toddler effortful control and behavior problems were conducted. Results supported differential susceptibility and dual risk models in addition to documenting main effects of early parenting on children's emerging self-regulation. Our data suggested that preterm or low birth weight infants who were prone to distress or rated by mothers as more difficult were particularly susceptible to the effects of early negative parenting.
Assuntos
Desenvolvimento Infantil , Recém-Nascido de Baixo Peso/psicologia , Recém-Nascido Prematuro/psicologia , Poder Familiar/psicologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Transtornos do Comportamento Infantil/etiologia , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Recém-Nascido , Masculino , Mães/psicologia , Relações Pais-Filho , Estudos Prospectivos , Psicologia da Criança , Controles Informais da Sociedade , Fatores Socioeconômicos , Temperamento/fisiologia , Adulto JovemRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To test a transactional model of sleep-wake development in infants born preterm or low birthweight (PT LBW), which may inform clinical practice, interventions, and future research in this at risk population. METHODS: One hundred and twenty-eight mother-infant dyads participated from hospital discharge to 4 months postterm. Assessments of prematurity, infant sleep-wake patterns, maternal interaction quality, depression, feeding route, and sociodemographic factors were conducted. RESULTS: Path analyses revealed that maternal interactions directly related to infant sleep patterns and family sociodemographic risks related to less optimal parenting. In addition, bottle fed infants experienced fewer night wakings and more nighttime sleep. CONCLUSIONS: Two potential pathways to sleep patterns in PT LBW infants were identified. The findings suggest directions for clinical work, such as supporting healthy infant sleep through parenting interventions or supporting interpersonal relations between parents and their PT LBW infants by encouraging more daytime naps. Additionally, clinicians should assess parents' nighttime sleep concerns within the larger sociodemographic and feeding context.