Defect Verlinde Formula for Edge Excitations in Topological Order.

We revisit the problem of boundary excitations at a topological boundary or junction defects between topological boundaries in nonchiral bosonic topological orders in 2+1 dimensions. Based on physical considerations, we derive a formula that relates the fusion rules of the boundary excitations and the "half-linking" number between condensed anyons and confined boundary excitations. This formula is a direct analogue of the Verlinde formula. We also demonstrate how these half-linking numbers can be computed in explicit Abelian and non-Abelian examples. As a fundamental property of topological orders and their allowed boundaries, this should also find applications in the search for suitable platforms realizing quantum computing devices.

Differing Expression of Cytokines and Tumor Markers in Combined Pulmonary Fibrosis and Emphysema Compared to Emphysema and Pulmonary Fibrosis.

This study aimed to explore the different pathogeneses of combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema (CPFE) from emphysema and pulmonary fibrosis. The levels of transforming growth factor-ß1 (TGF-ß1), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), Krebs Von Den Lungen-6 (KL-6), matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases-1 (TIMP-1), cytokeratin 19 fragment (CYFRA21-1), squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCC), and the telomerase activity in peripheral blood were measured in 38 CPFE patients, 50 pulmonary emphysema patients, and 34 idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) patients. The results demonstrated that the levels of VEGF and TGF-ß1 in IPF patients were significantly higher than those in emphysema patients (p < 0.05), and no significant differences were detected between CPFE patients and other two groups (p > 0.05). The levels of KL-6 and CYFRA21-1 in IPF patients were significantly higher than those in emphysema and CPFE patients (p < 0.05), and the latter had the similar levels (p > 0.05). Among the three groups, the levels of SCC, MMP-9, TIMP-1, MMP-9/TIMP-1 ratio, and telomerase activity were not different (p > 0.05). Our study showed that VEGF, TGF-ß1, KL-6, and CYFRA21-1 may play a role in the pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis. The lower levels of KL-6 and CYFRA21-1 in CPFE patients may be one of the reasons why these patients develop emphysema on the basis of fibrosis.

Post-traumatic Stress and Trauma-Related Subjective Distress: Comparisons Among Hispanics, African-Americans, and Whites with Severe Mental Illness.

We tested the hypothesis with a sample of community mental health clients (N = 132) that Hispanic clients would report significantly greater post-traumatic stress symptoms than African-American or white clients when controlling for gender, psychiatric symptoms of SMI, and subjective distress from six of the most commonly reported trauma in the SMI literature. Results supported our main hypothesis: being self-identified as Hispanic was significantly associated with greater post-traumatic stress symptoms. Subjective distress from having been sexually abused along with being "Hispanic" were the only two significant variables left in the equation. Limitations of this study include its modest sample size.

Regulatory T cell activity is partly inhibited in a mouse model of chronic Pseudomonas aeruginosa lung infection.

OBJECTIVES: We aimed to investigate the activity of regulatory T (Treg) cells in chronic Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) lung infection and its influence on effector T-cell responses. MATERIALS AND METHODS: C57BL/6 mice were randomly inoculated with PA-laden agarose beads (1 × 10(5) CFU/50 µL) or planktonic PA (1 × 10(5) CFU/50 µL), and euthanized at the time points of 4 hour, day 1, 3, 5, and 7. Bacterial load, bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid cell counts, and lung tissue histology were assessed. BAL fluid concentrations of TGF-ß1, IFN-γ, IL-1ß, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, and IL-17A were measured. Messenger RNA (mRNA) levels of TGF-ß1, IL-10 and CD4(+) T-cell subtype-specific transcription factors were determined. The expression of CD4(+)CD25(+)forkhead box P3 (FoxP3)(+) cells in lungs and spleens were analyzed. RESULTS: Mice inoculated with PA-laden agarose beads developed chronic PA lung infection during 7-day study period, while mice inoculated with planktonic PA cleared bacteria in 3 days. Compared with mice recovered from acute PA lung infection, those with chronic infection had significantly increased effector T-cell responses, accompanied by a more severe neutrophilic inflammation. Mice with chronic PA lung infection had significantly lower concentration of TGF-ß1 and higher concentrations of IFN-γ, IL-1ß, IL-6, and IL-17A in BAL fluid. Meanwhile, they had significantly lower mRNA levels of TGF-ß1, IL-10 and FoxP3 in lung tissues, and lower expression of CD4(+)CD25(+)FoxP3(+) cells in lungs and spleens. CONCLUSIONS: These findings indicate that Treg cell activity is partly inhibited in mice with chronic PA lung infection, which contributes to the enhanced effector T-cell responses in airways.

Lifetime trauma and suicide attempts in people with severe mental illness.

We examined associations among six forms of common lifetime traumatic/adverse events and lifetime suicide attempts while controlling for gender, psychiatric symptoms, self-injury, and substance use in 371 community mental health clients with severe mental illness. Most clients (88.1%) reported at least one traumatic event, and more than half had attempted suicide at least once. Regression revealed that three factors were significantly associated with lifetime suicide attempts: lifetime self-injurious behaviors, lifetime physical abuse, and alcohol use. Having been physically abused appears to be uniquely associated with lifetime suicide attempts when other key risk factors are controlled. Limitations include the cross-sectional design.

Thermophilic-mesophilic temperature phase anaerobic co-digestion compared with single phase co-digestion of sewage sludge and food waste.

Anaerobic co-digestion is an effective method for addressing the issue of a single substrate not being able to achieve optimal conditions for anaerobic digestion. By adjusting the mixture ratio of sewage sludge and food waste to achieve the optimal carbon to nitrogen ratio, the effectiveness of thermophilic-mesophilic temperature phase anaerobic co-digestion (TPAcD) was evaluated in comparison to single phase mesophilic anaerobic co-digestion (MAcD) and thermophilic anaerobic co-digestion (TAcD). The results indicated that TPAcD increased methane yield by 50.3% and 32.7% compared to MAcD and TAcD, respectively. The variation in VFA, pH, and ammonia nitrogen levels demonstrated that TPAcD combines the advantages of both MAcD and TAcD, with a higher hydrolysis rate in the early stage under thermophilic conditions (55 °C) and a suitable environment in the later stage under mesophilic conditions (35 °C). The kinetic parameters of anaerobic co-digestions also demonstrated that TPAcD performs better. Therefore, further research on TPAcD of sewage sludge and food waste is warranted due to its significant improvements in methane production rate, total methane yield, and system stability. Additionally, TPAcD contributes to reducing carbon emissions and supports the realization of "carbon neutrality".

Bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis is attenuated by an antibody against KL-6.

BACKGROUND: Elevated levels of KL-6 are reported in the serum and/or bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) of patients with interstitial lung disease (ILD) and are useful to estimate the severity and prognosis of the disease. However, whether the anti-KL-6 antibody could attenuate pulmonary fibrosis remains unclear. OBJECTIVES: This study aims to investigate the therapeutic effects and mechanisms of anti-KL-6 antibody on bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis. METHODS: A mouse model of pulmonary fibrosis was established by intratracheal injection of bleomycin (5 mg/kg). Mouse received anti-KL-6 antibody (20 ug/day, once a day) from day 7 to 21 after bleomycin injection. The effects of anti-KL-6 antibody were evaluated by pathological examination, measuring hydroxyproline measurements in lung tissues, leukocyte counts in BALF and the expression of collagen type I and type III using qRT-PCR. The expression of profibrotic cytokine (transforming growth factor-ß1, TGF-ß1), antifibrotic cytokine (hepatocyte growth factor, HGF), and KL-6 in lung tissues were analyzed by ELISA. The apoptosis of epithelial cell was examined by TUNEL staining. RESULTS: Anti-KL-6 antibody significantly reduced the number of alveolar inflammatory leukocytes (total and differential counts) in BALF of mice with bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis as well as the content of hydroxyproline in the lung tissues. Treatment with anti-KL-6 antibody downregulated the expression of collagen type I, TGF-ß1 and KL-6, upregulated the expression of HGF and inhibited the apoptosis of epithelial cells. CONCLUSIONS: These findings indicated the anti-KL-6 antibody may potentially be developed as a useful inhibitor of pulmonary fibrosis.

Low-dose clarithromycin therapy modulates CD4(+) T-cell responses in a mouse model of chronic Pseudomonas aeruginosa lung infection.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Low-dose clarithromycin (CAM) is widely used for the treatment of chronic respiratory infections. However, its anti-inflammatory mechanisms have not been fully explored. As CD4(+) T cells play an important role in the initiation of immune responses to infectious microorganisms, we aimed to investigate the effects of low-dose CAM on CD4(+) T-cell responses. METHODS: Fifty-four BALB/c mice were randomly divided into three groups: a control group (inoculated with sterile agarose beads and treated with saline from day 7), a saline group (inoculated with Pseudomonas aeruginosa-loaded beads and treated with saline from day 7) and a CAM group (identical to the saline group, except that saline was replaced by CAM solution). Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid cell counts, bacterial load, lung tissue histology and pulmonary CD3(+) CD4(+) cell numbers were assessed. Levels of T helper (Th)1/Th2/Th17 cytokines and suppressor cytokines (interleukin (IL)-10 and transforming growth factor-ß1) were analysed. Messenger RNA (mRNA) levels for transcription factors for CD4(+) T-cell subsets were determined. RESULTS: The CAM group had lower BAL fluid cell counts, pathological scores and pulmonary CD3(+) CD4(+) cell numbers compared with the saline group, whereas the bacterial load was not significantly different. Levels of Th1/Th17 cytokines and expression of a transcription factor for naturally occurring regulatory T cells (Treg) were significantly decreased in the CAM group compared with the saline group, whereas there was no significant difference in GATA-3 mRNA expression. CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrated a downregulation of Th1/Th17/naturally occurring Treg responses after treatment with low-dose CAM in mice with chronic P. aeruginosa lung infection.

High-risk behaviors and drinking-to-cope as mediators of lifetime abuse and PTSD symptoms in clients with severe mental illness.

Face-to-face interviews with 276 community mental health clients (56.2% women; 42.8% men) diagnosed with schizophrenia spectrum disorders (44.6%) and major mood disorders (55.4%) were used to examine mediating relationships among physical and sexual abuse, high-risk behaviors, drink-to-cope motives, and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptom severity. Structural equation modeling revealed that both high-risk behaviors and drinking-to-cope significantly mediated the relationship between lifetime abuse and PTSD symptom severity with an excellent fit of model to data. Alternative models using PTSD symptom level as mediator were also tested, but did not meet optimal goodness-of-fit standards. Implications of findings call for vigilant screening for trauma, substance abuse, and high risk behaviors in clients with severe mental illnesses to inform treatment, and the need for longitudinal studies to test causal pathways.

Child Sexual Abuse and Depression in Late Life for Men: A Population-Based, Longitudinal Analysis.

OBJECTIVE: Research investigating long-term effects of childhood sexual abuse (CSA) on mental health for men is vastly underdeveloped. This study strengthened the knowledge base by examining: (a) long-term trajectories of depressive symptoms for men with and without a history of CSA, and (b) moderating effects of social support over time. METHOD: We analyzed multiple waves of data from the Wisconsin Longitudinal Study. The sample (N = 2,451) consisted of men with histories of CSA and a stratified, randomly sampled comparison group. Growth curve modeling was employed for analyses. RESULTS: After controlling for demographic, parental, and health factors, men with CSA histories had greater depressive symptoms than those with no history of CSA. For both groups, depressive symptoms decreased over time; slope patterns did not differ. We found a significant moderating effect of social support on the relationship between CSA and depressive symptoms. DISCUSSION: This innovative, population-based, longitudinal study demonstrated that CSA can undermine mental health for men across the life span and into old age. Social support appears to mitigate these deleterious effects. In early, middle, and late adulthood, practitioners should assess for CSA and strengthen support resources for male survivors.

Does mental illness affect consumer direction of community-based care? Lessons from the Arkansas Cash and Counseling program.

PURPOSE: Previous research from the Cash and Counseling Demonstration and Evaluation (CCDE) in Arkansas, New Jersey, and Florida suggests that giving consumers control over their personal care greatly increases their satisfaction and improves their outlook on life. Still, some argue that consumer-directed care may not be appropriate for consumers with intellectual disabilities or mental health diagnoses. This study examined how Cash and Counseling-a new option allowing consumers to manage an individualized budget equivalent to what agencies would have spent on their care-changes the way consumers with mental health diagnoses meet their personal care needs and how that affects their well-being. DESIGN AND METHODS: Using the Arkansas CCDE baseline and the 9-month follow-up data for individuals in the treatment and control groups, we compared and contrasted the experience of elderly consumers with and without mental health diagnoses utilizing logit regression. RESULTS: After examining several outcome measures, including satisfaction with care arrangements and the paid caregiver's reliability and schedule, unmet needs, and satisfaction with the relationship with paid caregivers, this study found evidence that, from the perspective of consumers, the Cash and Counseling program works well for participants with mental health diagnoses. IMPLICATIONS: Considering the growing need for long-term-care services and the limited resources available, a consumer-directed option makes sense, and it can be a valuable alternative for persons with mental health needs.

[Human leukocyte antigen genes to genetic predisposition in diffuse panbronchiolitis].

OBJECTIVE: To study the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) genes to genetic predisposition in diffuse panbronchiolitis (DPB). METHODS: Twenty-four patients with DPB were studied and the characteristics before and after treatment with erythromycin were described. HLA-A, HLA-B, and HLA-DR loci were analyzed using an oligonucleotide microarray in both DPB patients and 53 normal control subjects. Disease association was assessed by the chi-square test. P < 0.05 was considered significant. RESULTS: The frequency of HLA-A2 in DPB patients [20.83% (5/24)] was significantly decreased (X2 = 13.52, P < 0.01) compared to the controls [66.04% (35/53)]. The frequency of HLA-A2 showed a negative association with the disease (OR = 0.12). Furthermore, the frequency of HLA-A11 in DPB patients [58.33% (14/24)] was significantly increased (X2 = 7.27, P < 0.01) compared to the controls [26.42% (14/53)]. The frequency of HLA-A11 showed a positive association with the disease (OR = 3.9). However, the frequencies of HLA-B loci including HLA-B54, HLA-B55 and HLA-B56 were higher [12.5% (3/24),16.67% (4/24), 8.33% (2/24), respectively] than the controls [5.66% (3/53), 3.78% (2/53), 3.78% (2/53), respectively], but no single HLA-B allele showed a significant contribution (X2 = 1.08, 3.82, 0.70, respectively all P > 0.05). There was no genetic susceptibility in HLA-B loci. In addition, the frequency of HLA-DRB5 * 010/020 in DPB patients [37.5% (9/24)] was significantly increased (X2 = 3.88, P < 0.05) compared to the controls [16.98% (9/53)], but a bias caused by the small sample size could not be excluded. CONCLUSIONS: The candidate genes responsible for the disease susceptibility of DPB is located within HLA class I region between A and B loci. HLA-A2 may be a genetic factor for the relatively low incidence of DPB in the Chinese population.

Association of HLA genes with diffuse panbronchiolitis in Chinese patients.

Diffuse panbronchiolitis (DPB) is a pulmonary disease of unknown etiology that predominantly affects East Asians, particularly Japanese with a prevalence of 0.00028. Research has shown that HLA-B54 and HLA-A11 are positively associated with this disease. HLA-A, -B, and -DR loci were analyzed using an oligonucleotide microarray in both Chinese patients with DPB and normal control subjects. The most marked difference between the patients and the controls was the decreased frequency of HLA-A2 (p=0.001, OR=0.12), which showed a negative association with the disease; however, there was no significant contribution of HLA-B loci. Interestingly, the frequency of HLA-A11 was increased (p=0.007, OR=3.9), in accordance with previous reports on Japanese and Koreans. In addition, the frequency of HLA-DRB5*010/020 slightly increased (p=0.049). The HLA-associated genes for DPB are located between the HLA-A and HLA-B loci. Differences in HLA-associated genes may partially explain differences in the incidence of DPB among different populations.

[Effects of erythromycin on the twitching motility of Pseudomonas aeruginosa].

OBJECTIVE: To observe the effects of low concentration of erythromycin on the twitching motility of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. METHODS: Pseudomonas aeruginosa 1244 (PA1244) was cultured in LB plate or LB broth with added erythromycin at different concentrations 2.5, 0.5, 0.25 mg/L, and in cultures without erythromycin as the control. The changes of PA1244's twitching motility was observed by naked eyes, immunofluorescence, Western blot, dot blot and electron microscope. RESULTS: SubMIC erythromycin inhibited the halation of twitching motility on the culture plates. The average diameters of bacterial halation after culture for 18 h were as below: group of 2.5 mg/L was (0.48 +/- 0.14) cm, group of 0.5 mg/L was (0.64 +/- 0.20) cm, group of 0.25 mg/L was (0.95 +/- 0.18) cm; the control group was (1.40 +/- 0.21) cm (F = 123.15, P < 0.01). After culture for 24 h: group of 2.5 mg/L was (0.67 +/- 0.12) cm, group of 0.5 mg/L was (0.82 +/- 0.23) cm, group of 0.25 mg/L was (1.18 +/- 0.24) cm; the control group was (1.58 +/- 0.28) cm (F = 76.37, P < 0.01). After culture for 36 h: group of 2.5 mg/L was (0.91 +/- 0.17) cm, group of 0.5 mg/L was (1.04 +/- 0.32) cm, group of 0.25 mg/L was (1.49 +/- 0.31) cm; the control group was (2.07 +/- 0.38) cm (F = 54.75, P < 0.01). Immunofluorescence showed that the key component of twitching motility was pilus VI located at the pole of the PA body. Western blot showed that the expression of pilus VI was increased with the decreasing concentration of erythromycin. Dot blot showed that pilus VI was expressed mostly at the outmost of the twitching zone and there was no significant difference between groups. Through transmission electron microscope, PA of the group of 2.5 mg/L had fewer pilus than the control group. CONCLUSION: Diverse concentrations of erythromycin have inhibitory actions on the twitching motility of Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Genetic polymorphism in matrix metalloproteinase-9 and transforming growth factor-ß1 and susceptibility to combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema in a Chinese population.

In this study, we aimed to explore the association of genetic polymorphism in matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and transforming growth factor-ß1 (TGF-ß1) and the susceptibility to combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema (CPFE). We examined the polymorphisms of the MMP-9 C-1562T and TGF-ß1 T869C in 38 CPFE patients, 50 pulmonary emphysema patients, and 34 idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) patients. The frequencies of polymorphic genotypes in MMP-9 were 78.95% CC and 21.05% CT in CPFE group, 76.0% CC and 24.0% CT in emphysema group, and 100.0% CC in IPF group. There were highly statistically significant increased frequencies of the CT genotype and T allele in CPFE and emphysema groups compared with IPF group (p < 0.05). The frequencies of polymorphic genotypes in TGF-ß1 were 2.63% CC, 28.95% CT, 68.42% TT in CPFE group, 4.00% CC, 16.00% CT, 80.00% TT in emphysema group, and 5.88% CC, 41.18% CT, 52.94% TT in IPF group. Significant increases in the TT genotype and T allele frequencies were observed in emphysema group compared with IPF group (p < 0.05). Our study has showed that T allele in MMP-9 (C-1562T) and T allele in TGF-ß1 (T869C) are risk factors of pulmonary emphysema. The T allele in MMP-9 (C-1562T) possibly predisposes patients with pulmonary fibrosis to develop emphysema.

Correlation between STK33 and the pathology and prognosis of lung cancer.

Correlation between the expression of STK33 and the pathology of lung cancer was investigated, to explore its effects on prognosis. Hundred and two lung cancer patients diagnosed by pathological examinations were randomly selected in Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital from February, 2012 to February, 2017 to serve as observation group, and the tumor tissues were collected. At the same time, 19 patients with lung benign lesions were selected and lung tissues were also collected to serve as control group. RT-qPCR was used to detect the expression of STK33 mRNA in tissues. Expression levels of STK33 protein were detected and compared by SP immunohistochemistry staining and western blot analysis. Statistical analysis was performed to analyze the correlation between STK33 expression and the pathology and prognosis of lung cancer. Results of PCR showed that expression level of STK33 gene in control group was significantly lower than that in observation group (p<0.05). The expression level of STK33 mRNA in lung adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma was lower than that in lung small cell carcinoma and large cell carcinoma (p<0.05). Western blot analysis showed that the expression level of STK33 protein in lung small cell carcinoma and large cell carcinoma was significantly higher than that in lung adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma (p<0.05). Immunohistochemistry staining showed that the positive rate of STK33 in lung large cell carcinoma (100%) and small cell carcinoma (100%) was significantly higher than that in lung adenocarcinoma (88.1%) and squamous cell carcinoma (86.2%) (p<0.05). The 5-year survival rate analysis showed that the recurrence-free survival rate and overall survival rate of STK33 gene high expression level group were significantly lower than those of low expression level group (p<0.05). The differential expression level of STK33 is related to the pathology and prognosis of lung cancer, which is of great value in clinical diagnosis and prognosis evaluation.

The Cash and Counseling model of self-directed long-term care: Effectiveness with young adults with disabilities.

BACKGROUND: Young adults with disabilities face numerous barriers to independence and achieving markers of adulthood. Qualitative evidence suggests that flexible, self-directed budgets for purchasing home and community-based services might help fill an identified service gap and help improve the transition to adulthood for this group. OBJECTIVE: Our aim was to evaluate the effectiveness of the Cash and Counseling model of self-directed budgets for young adults with long-term care disabilities by analyzing secondary data from the Cash and Counseling Demonstration and Evaluation randomized control trial. METHODS: We compared nine-month community involvement, satisfaction rating, health status rating compared to peers, and unmet needs outcomes using bivariate and multivariate logistic regression. Our sample included 456 participants aged 18 to 30 randomized to treatment groups with the opportunity to receive Cash and Counseling (n = 207) or control groups eligible for agency-based care (n = 249), whether self-reported (n = 128) or by proxy (n = 328). RESULTS: Multivariate logistic regression models showed that compared to controls at nine-month follow-up, treatment group members had significantly greater odds of being very satisfied with life, when care was received, the care arrangement, transportation, help around the house and community, personal care, and getting along with paid attendants, and significantly lower odds of unmet needs with medication and routine health care at home and with transportation. CONCLUSIONS: Cash and Counseling performed better than or comparable with agency-based care for young adults with long-term care disabilities, suggesting its viability as a service option for this population.

Dieulafoy disease of the trachea with recurrent episodes of massive hemoptysis: A case report.

RATIONALE: Dieulafoy disease is characterized by the presence of dilated, tortuous arteries that project into the submucosa of the gastrointestinal tract and less frequently the bronchus. PATIENT CONCERNS: Dieulafoy disease of the trachea has not been previously described. A 60-year-old woman with recurrent episodes of massive hemoptysis. DIAGNOSES: Dieulafoy disease of the trachea. INTERVENTIONS: Selective arterial embolization was undertaken. OUTCOMES: The intervention was successful and no fresh episode of acute hemoptysis was observed. LESSONS: Apart from the bronchus, vascular anomaly may also be present in the trachea in Dieulafoy disease.

Mucoactive and antioxidant medicines for COPD: consensus of a group of Chinese pulmonary physicians.

Airway mucus hypersecretion is a frequent symptom associated with acute and chronic airway disease. Inhibition of mucus production or promotion of mucolysis not only relieved symptoms but also improved disease outcomes. There are numerous available mucoactive medicines for prescription, and how to select them properly for different diseases is important for clinical practice. So far, there is no one consensus or guideline reported. A group of Chinese pulmonary physicians worked together to complete this consensus based on literature review, summarized mechanism and usage of each classical mucoactive medicine. In general, antioxidant mucoactive medicines play an important role in chronic airway disease, including but not limited to airway mucus clearance, reduced acute exacerbation and improved pulmonary function.

Lifetime Physical and Sexual Abuse and Self-Harm in Women With Severe Mental Illness.

In a sample of 242 women in treatment for severe mental illness (SMI), we used regression analysis to test the hypothesis that lifetime physical and sexual abuse would correlate with self-harm behaviors (thoughts of self-harm and suicide, self-harming behaviors, and suicide attempts) when controlling for psychiatric symptoms, substance abuse, and negative appraisals of trauma. Lifetime physical abuse and alcohol use were the only significant factors in the model. Women with SMI should be screened regularly for physical abuse, alcohol use, as well as thoughts and behaviors related to self-harming behaviors. Limitations of the study include its cross-sectional design.