[Etiological analysis of a patient with multiple primary malignant neoplasms].

To investigate the etiology of multiple primary malignant neoplasms occurred in one patient. Retrospective analysis was performed on a 52-year-old female patient who was admitted to the Department of Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University on October 7, 2021, due to "thyroid occupying lesion for one week". A complete systemic positron emission tomography examination of the patient indicated that the metabolic characteristics of the left thyroid nodules were consistent with medullary thyroid carcinoma, those of the right thyroid nodules were consistent with papillary thyroid carcinoma, and the metabolic characteristics of the T6-7 level were consistent with meningioma, and teratoma was found in the right ovarian region. Intradural subdural mass resection was performed on October 20, 2021, and bilateral total thyroidectomy, isthmus thyroidectomy, bilateral central lymph node dissection and left cervical lymph node dissection were performed on November 2, 2021. The postoperative pathologic diagnosises were meningioma (WHO Grade 1), medullary thyroid carcinoma (left side), and papillary thyroid carcinoma (right side).Whole exon gene sequencing revealed the presence of mutations in the ACAN and FLNB genes, which are associated with dysplasia, as well as mutations in the DDX41 and JAK2 genes, which are linked to active pro-proliferation signaling and tumor susceptibility. In this study, a gene mutation pattern which could lead to multiple primary malignant neoplasms was found.

The host species affects the microbial community in the goat rumen.

AIMS: This study was carried out to determine whether bacterial and ciliate populations in goat rumen vary significantly between different goat species living in the same environment. METHODS AND RESULTS: Bacterial and ciliate communities in the rumen of three goat species were analysed at the molecular level using denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis. The microbial community varied considerably among goats living in the same environment. Interspecies variation in the bacterial population was noticeably greater than intraspecies variation. In contrast, there was considerable variation in the ciliate population among goats within the same species, and intraspecies similarities were no greater than those observed across species. CONCLUSIONS: Because environmental factors and diets were identical for all goats, differences in bacterial populations reflect species-specific differences in rumen microbes. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: Factors related to the host species have an important effect on determining the bacterial composition in the goat rumen.