RESUMO
Guinea pigs were exposed to sound varying from 2 to 8 kHz in frequency and 80-100 dB (SPL) in intensity for periods of 1 hr. The biochemical parameters, glucose, sodium, total protein, and the glycolytic enzymes, aldolase, phosphohexose isomerase, and total LDH as well as isozymes of the latter were ascertained for blood serum, perilymph, and, in some instances, cerebrospinal fluid. The three enzymes occurred at lower levels in perilymph as compared to blood serum. Except for a small difference in serum total protein, sound presentation incurred no significant effect on any of the above parameters. Definite differences in several metabolites were discerned for perilymph sampled according to scala and which were independent of the respective acoustical treatments. Thus, as compared to the scale tympani, the scala vestibuli perilymph displayed a higher glucose content and a diminished total LDH level and of the latter isozymes, LDH(1) ranged lower and LDH(2), higher. As further evidence pointing to cerebrospinal fluid as the possible origin of perilymph, similarities in glucose contents and LDH isozyme patterns were noted for both fluids.
Assuntos
Líquidos Labirínticos/metabolismo , Perilinfa/metabolismo , Som , Animais , Glicemia/análise , Proteínas Sanguíneas/análise , Feminino , Glucose/análise , Glucose-6-Fosfato Isomerase/análise , Glucose-6-Fosfato Isomerase/sangue , Cobaias , Isoenzimas , L-Lactato Desidrogenase/análise , L-Lactato Desidrogenase/sangue , L-Lactato Desidrogenase/líquido cefalorraquidiano , Masculino , Perilinfa/análise , Perilinfa/enzimologia , Proteínas/análise , Sódio/análise , Sódio/sangueRESUMO
Walker tumor cells and carcinogens were implanted into the brains of rats and L1210, P388 and Ehrlich ascites tumors, in addition to inflammatory agents and hydrocarbons, injected cortically into mice. Behavioral changes were followed in such animals by several psychological criteria, a discriminated lever-press task in rats and an exploratory task, the poke test, in rats and mice. An activity wheel was also employed for further amplification of mouse behavior. No definite changes could be discerned by these tests between rats bearing tumor or carcinogen and the respective controls as was also the case with levels of activity in the mouse. In marked contrast, mice administered tumors or kaolin cortically demonstrated significant reductions in the mean number of pokes, especially with the higher numbers of cells injected and where neurological symptoms were evident. Behavioral changes, if any, were minimal in mice with cortically implanted carcinogens.
Assuntos
Comportamento Animal/efeitos dos fármacos , Encefalopatias/complicações , Neoplasias Encefálicas/complicações , Carcinógenos , Carcinoma 256 de Walker/complicações , Carcinoma de Ehrlich/complicações , Córtex Cerebral/efeitos dos fármacos , Animais , Encefalopatias/induzido quimicamente , Neoplasias Encefálicas/induzido quimicamente , Haplorrinos , Hidrocarbonetos/efeitos adversos , Inflamação/induzido quimicamente , Inflamação/complicações , Caulim/efeitos adversos , Leucemia L1210/complicações , Masculino , Camundongos , Transplante de Neoplasias , Pectinas/efeitos adversos , Ratos , Talco/efeitos adversosRESUMO
The application of a restructured subtest of an intelligence scale to retarded persons, including those with Down's syndrome, led to no significant differences according to diagnostic group. With several subjects (10 percent of the total), more difficult tasks could be accomplished with success in contrast to simpler ones, and such findings were discussed in terms of increased structure and learning sets.
Assuntos
Deficiência Intelectual/diagnóstico , Testes de Inteligência , Destreza Motora , Percepção Visual , Adulto , Criança , Diagnóstico Diferencial , HumanosRESUMO
The effects of tumor cells implanted into the brain of animals on survival rates and gross and microscopic brain changes have been ascertained. Walker carcinosarcoma 256 cell suspensions were injected at several brain sites in rats and leukemia L1210 and P388 and Ehrlich ascites tumor cells, intracerebrally into BDF1 mice. Such neoplasms provided for rapid and rather predictable growth increments. The survival rates were dependent on the number of cells introduced, those receiving the higher counts succumbing first. The brains of the animals revealed fairly discrete space-occupying lesions and neurological symptoms became apparent only hours before death due to intracranial pressure.
Assuntos
Neoplasias Encefálicas/patologia , Carcinoma 256 de Walker/patologia , Carcinoma de Ehrlich/patologia , Leucemia Experimental/patologia , Animais , Encéfalo/patologia , Neoplasias Encefálicas/mortalidade , Carcinoma 256 de Walker/mortalidade , Carcinoma de Ehrlich/mortalidade , Leucemia Experimental/mortalidade , Camundongos , Transplante de NeoplasiasRESUMO
The levels of glycolytic enzymes, aldolase, phosphohexose isomerase and lactic dehydrogenase, the latter as total and isozymes, were determined in the vitreous and aqueous humors and sera as well as in lens-saline extracts of the cat, Rhesus monkey, guinea pig, rabbit, rat and cattle. Although wide species differences were noted, the levels were generally lower in the aqueous as compared to the vitreous and serum. Aldolase and phosphohexose isomerase were invariably elevated in the lens of most species. The LDH isozyme patterns were quite unique in regard to the fluids and the species. The ratios of enzyme contents of the intraocular fluids to the respective sera were calculated and the findings compared. As tested in a few species, no remarkable enzyme differences could be discerned as a result of prior dark or light adaptation of the eyes.
Assuntos
Humor Aquoso/enzimologia , Frutose-Bifosfato Aldolase/metabolismo , Glucose-6-Fosfato Isomerase/metabolismo , Glicólise , L-Lactato Desidrogenase/metabolismo , Cristalino/enzimologia , Corpo Vítreo/enzimologia , Animais , Gatos , Bovinos , Adaptação à Escuridão , Cobaias , Isoenzimas , Macaca mulatta , Coelhos , Ratos , Especificidade da EspécieRESUMO
Rats with Walker tumor injected intramuscularly in both hind legs and subjected to forced swimming for 15 min daily for 10 days displayed a trend toward decreased lesion size, especially in older intact animals as compared to unexercised intact or bilaterally adrenalectomized controls. Secondary tumor nodules occurred at the lower abdominal or inguinal areas and appeared to be more extensive in the older exercised rats. The survival rates of forced exercised rats bearing Walker tumor cortically did not differ significantly from the respective controls as was also the case with adult BDF1 mice withintraperitoneal or cortical l1210 tumor and subjected daily to electroshock at 0.25mA for 15 min.