Anti-Inflammatory and Antinociceptive Studies of Hydroalcoholic Extract from the Leaves of Phyllanthus brasiliensis (Aubl.) Poir. and Isolation of 5-O-ß-d-Glucopyranosyljusticidin B and Six Other Lignans.

The aim of this study was to investigate the chemical composition and the antiinflammatory/antinociceptive properties of the hydroalcoholic extract derived from the leaves of Phyllanthus brasiliensis (HEPB) in rodents. A new arylnaphthalene lignan glycoside, 5-O-ß-d-glucopyranosyljusticidin B, together with six known lignans, were isolated from HEPB. 1D and 2D NMR experiments and HRMS were used to elucidate the structure of the new compound. HEPB toxicity and antinociceptive activity were evaluated through acute oral toxicity and formalin models in mice, respectively. The anti-inflammatory effects of HEPB were assessed using carrageenan- and dextran-induced paw edema models in rats. HEPB showed low toxicity. Oral administration of HEPB reduced paw edema induced by carrageenan, but not by dextran. HEPB and its fractions from FR6 to FR10 (FR6-10) inhibited the neurogenic and inflammatory phases of formalin-induced linking, demonstrating its antinociceptive activity. These results indicated that lignans from Phyllanthus brasiliensis exerted antinociceptive/anti-inflammatory effects not related to the histaminergic pathway.

First report of phenolic compounds isolated from Inga stipularis DC. (fabaceae) leaves.

Several species of the Inga genus are used by Amazonian indigenous communities to treat injuries, pain and inflammations, which is directly related to the presence of phenolic compounds in these species. Many studies have addressed the phytochemical relevance of this genus, but they are still few considering the large number of species. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the chemical composition of Inga stipularis leaves in order to find compounds with potential pharmacological application and economic interest. The developed method allowed the isolation and identification of 8 compounds in the ethanol extract of I. stipularis: eucryphin, neoastilbin, astilbin, neoisoastilbin, isoastilbin, quercitrin, engeletin and isoengeletin. Astilbin stands out for having been isolated directly from the fractionation of the extract by SPE with high yield. This study was a pioneer for I. stipularis and revealed the potential of the species as an abundant source of compounds of pharmacological and economic interest.