Client characteristics associated with failure to complete residential treatment at a multicultural drug and alcohol treatment facility in Antigua, West Indies.

The purpose of this study is to compare the demographic and clinical characteristics of clients leaving treatment prior to completion of the 29-day residential stay at a multicultural addiction treatment centre. The charts of 446 clients (62% from the United States of America, 29% from the Caribbean region, 9% European) were reviewed. The mean age was 39.7 years, 33% female, with 91% using alcohol, 49% using cocaine, 25% using opioids (single drug 27%, poly-drug use 73%), with mean 13.1 years of harmful use, 33% using prescribed mental health medications and 46% having had prior residential treatment. Of 446 clients, 76 (17%) did not complete treatment stay. A comparison of clients leaving early and those completing stay revealed no difference in age (38.6 vs 39.9 years) or years of harmful use (11.7 vs 13.4 years). There were trends toward those leaving to be more often female (42 vs 31%, p < 0.10) and non-Caribbean (20% American or European vs 12% Caribbean, p < 0.10). Clients who left early were more likely to use opioids (41 vs 22%, p < 0.001) and less likely to use alcohol/sedative (83 vs 1%, p < 0.02). Cocaine/stimulant use did not differ (49 vs 49%). Those leaving treatment early had greater use of mental health medications (50 vs 29%, p < 0.001). Prior treatment was not significantly different (53 vs 44%). An analysis of the 128 clients from the Caribbean region showed 15 clients (12%) failed to complete treatment. Those leaving treatment early were more likely to be female (53 vs 26%, p < 0.05), had a trend toward being younger (35.6 vs 39.9 years, p = 0.19) and had fewer years of harmful use (8.1 vs 13.1, p < 0.02). Ethnicity (73 vs 74% African) and alcohol/sedative (87 vs 94%), cocaine/stimulant (53 vs 65%), and opioid use (0 vs 4%) did not differ. Those leaving were more likely to use mental health medication (47 vs 12%, p < 0.001) and there was a trend toward prior treatment (40 vs 23%, p < 0.10).

A comparison of patients relapsing to addictive drug use with non-relapsing patients following residential addiction treatment in Antigua.

The outcome of a 29-day residential addiction treatment programme for persons from Antigua and Barbuda with addiction to drugs or alcohol was assessed. All 100 patients entering the drug and alcohol treatment programme at Crossroads Centre Antigua between November 1998 and October 2002 were included. All patients were assessed with regards to drug or alcohol use or abstinence in November 2002 using telephone and mail follow-up as well as informal follow-up with families and other community contacts. Crossroads Centre Antigua is a 35 bed, 29-day residential treatment centre for drug and alcohol addiction serving patients from developed countries (85%) and from the Caribbean region (15%). Patients records were also reviewed to obtain age, gender, ethnicity, drug of choice, years of problematic use, completion of the 29 day programme, family member participation at Crossroads Centre Antigua (a four-day programme) and acceptance of halfway house placement. Of the 100 Antiguan patients admitted, 46 (46%) were abstinent (non-relapsers) at average 20.7+/-14.7 months after treatment. Abstinence did not have to be continuous. Forty-nine were known to be using drug or alcohol (49%) and five (5%) were lost to follow-up and considered to be using drugs (relapsers). Age (37.5 vs 41.1 years), gender (28% vs 22% female), ethnicity (87% vs 87% Afro-Caribbean), years of harmful use (12.7 vs 12.5 years) did not differ significantly between relapsers and non-relapsers. Crack cocaine use (67% vs 65%) and alcohol use (26% vs 31%) as primary addiction did not differ significantly between relapsers and non-relapsers. Relapsers were significantly less likely to complete the 29- day programme (81% vs 100%, p < 0.01), have family members participate at Crossroads (32% vs 54%, p < 0.05) or accept halfway house placement (4% vs 54%, p < 0.001). In conclusion, abstinence was achieved in 46% of those entering treatment, in 51% completing treatment, in 60% whose families participated and in 92% of those accepting halfway house placement.

Client characteristics associated with failure to complete residential treatment at a multicultural drug and alcohol treatment facility in Antigua, West Indies / Características del cliente asociadas con el fracaso para terminar el tratamiento residencial en un centro multicultural para el tratamiento de la adicción a las drogas y al alcohol en Antigua, West Indies

The purpose of this study is to compare the demographic and clinical characteristics of clients leaving treatment prior to completion of the 29day residential stay at a multicultural addiction treatment centre. The charts of 446 clients (62% from the United States of America, 29% from the Caribbean region, 9% European) were reviewed. The mean age was 39.7 years, 33% female, with 91% using alcohol, 49% using cocaine, 25% using opioids (single drug 27%, polydrug use 73%), with mean 13.1 years of harmful use, 33% using prescribed mental health medications and 46% having had prior residential treatment. Of 446 clients, 76 (17%) did not complete treatment stay. A comparison of clients leaving early and those completing stay revealed no difference in age (38.6 vs 39.9 years) or years of harmful use (11.7 vs 13.4 years). There were trends toward those leaving to be more often female (42 vs 31%, p < 0.10) and noncaribbean (20% american or european vs 12% Caribbean, p < 0.10). Clients who left early were more likely to use opioids (41 vs 22%, p < 0.001) and less likely to use alcohol/sedative (83 vs 1%, p < 0.02). cocaine/stimulant use did not differ (49 vs 49%). Those leaving treatment early had greater use of mental health medications (50 vs 29%, p < 0.001). prior treatment was not significantly different (53 vs 44%). An analysis of the 128 clients from the Caribbean region showed 15 clients (12%) failed to complete treatment. Those leaving treatment early were more likely to be female (53 vs 26%, p < 0.05), had a trend toward being younger (35.6 vs 39.9 years, p = 0.19) and had fewer years of harmful use (8.1 vs 13.1, p < 0.02). ethnicity (73 vs 74% African) and alcohol/sedative (87 vs 94%), cocaine/stimulant (53 vs 65%), and opioid use (0 vs 4%) did not differ. Those leaving were more likely to use mental health medication (47 vs 12%, p < 0.001) and there was a trend toward prior treatment (40 vs 23%, p < 0.10).

El propósito de este estudio es comparar las características demográficas y clínicas de clientes que abandona el tratamiento antes de que cumplan los 29 días de estancia residencial en un centro multicultural de tratamiento a la adicción. Se revisaron las estadísticas de 446 clientes (62% de los Estados Unidos de América, 29% de la región del Caribe, 9% de 'Europa). La edad promedio fue de 39.7 años; 33% eran mujeres; el 91% usaban alcohol; 49% usaban cocaína; 25% usaban opioides (27% droga simple, 73% polidroga), con un promedio de 13.1 años de uso perjudicial; 33% usaban medicamentos bajo prescripción para la salud mental, y 46% habían tenido tratamiento residencial con anterioridad. De 446 clientes, 76 (17%) no terminaron la estancia del tratamiento. Una comparación de clientes que dejan el tratamiento antes de tiempo con aquellos que completan su estancia, no reveló diferencia en cuanto a edad (38.6 contra 39.9años) o años de uso dañino (11.7 contra 13.4años). La tendencia a abandonar el tratamiento fue más frecuente entre las mujeres (42 contra 31%, p <0.10) y los no caribeños (20% americanos o europeos contra 12% caribeños, p < 0.10). Los clientes que abandonaban antes de tiempo eran más proclives al uso de opioides (41 contra 22%, p <0.001), y menos propensos al uso de alcohol/sedativos (83 contra 1%, p < 0.02). el uso de cocaína/estimulantes no difirió (49 contra 49%). los que abandonaron el tratamiento de manera temprana hacían un mayor uso de medicamentos para la salud mental (50 contra 29%, p < 0.001). el tratamiento anterior no fue significativamente diferente (53 contra 44%). un análisis de los 128 clientes de la región del caribe mostró que 15 clientes (12%) no terminaron el tratamiento. quienes abandonaban el tratamiento de manera temprana eran con mayor probabilidad mujeres (53 contra 26%, p < 0.05), tenía tendencia a ser más jóvenes (35.6 contra 39.9años, p < = 0.19) y tenían menos años de uso perjudicial (8.1 contra 13.1, p < 0.02). la etnicidad (73 contra 74% africanos) y el uso de alcohol/sedativos (87 contra 94%), cocaína/estimulantes (53 contra 65%), y opioides (0 contra 4%) no difirieron. los que abandonaban el tratamiento presentaban una mayor probabilidad de usar medicamentos para la salud mental (47 contra 12%, p < 0.001) y una tendencia a haber estado sometido a tratamiento con anterioridad (40 contra 23%, p < 0.10).

A comparison of patients relapsing to addictive drug use with non-relapsing patients following residential addiction treatment in Antigua / Una Comparación de Pacientes que Recayeron en el uso Adictivo de Drogas, con Pacientes que no Experimentaron Recaída Tras Seguir un Tratamiento Residencial de la Adicción en Antigua

The outcome of a 29-day residential addiction treatment programme for persons from Antigua and Barbuda with addiction to drugs or alcohol was assessed. All 100 patients entering the drug and alcohol treatment programme at Crossroads Centre Antigua between November 1998 and October 2002 were included. All patients were assessed with regards to drug or alcohol use or abstinence in November 2002 using telephone and mail follow-up as well as informal follow-up with families and other community contacts. Crossroads Centre Antigua is a 35 bed, 29-day residential treatment centre for drug and alcohol addiction serving patients from developed countries (85%) and from the Caribbean region (15%). Patients records were also reviewed to obtain age, gender, ethnicity, drug of choice, years of problematic use, completion of the 29 day programme, family member participation at Crossroads Centre Antigua (a four-day programme) and acceptance of halfway house placement. Of the 100 Antiguan patients admitted, 46 (46%) were abstinent (non-relapsers) at average 20.7+/-14.7 months after treatment. Abstinence did not have to be continuous. Forty-nine were known to be using drug or alcohol (49%) and five (5%) were lost to follow-up and considered to be using drugs (relapsers). Age (37.5 vs 41.1 years), gender (28% vs 22% female), ethnicity (87% vs 87% Afro-Caribbean), years of harmful use (12.7 vs 12.5 years) did not differ significantly between relapsers and non-relapsers. Crack cocaine use (67% vs 65%) and alcohol use (26% vs 31%) as primary addiction did not differ significantly between relapsers and non-relapsers. Relapsers were significantly less likely to complete the 29- day programme (81% vs 100%, p < 0.01), have family members participate at Crossroads (32% vs 54%, p < 0.05) or accept halfway house placement (4% vs 54%, p < 0.001). In conclusion, abstinence was achieved in 46% of those entering treatment, in 51% completing treatment, in 60% whose families participated and in 92% of those accepting halfway house placement

Se evaluó el resultado de un programa de 29 días de tratamiento residencial de la adicción para personas de Antigua y Barbuda adictas a drogas o alcohol. Fueron incluidos todos los pacientes de un total de 100 que entraron a formar parte del programa de tratamiento contra las drogas y el alcohol en el Crossroads Centre Antigua entre noviembre de 1998 y octubre de 2002. Todos los pacientes fueron evaluados en relación con el uso o la abstinencia de drogas o alcohol en noviembre 2002, mediante un seguimiento por vía telefónica o correo, así como a través de un seguimiento informal con familiares u otros contactos en la comunidad. El Crossroads Centre Antigua es un centro de 35 camas para el tratamiento residencial por 29 días de la adicción a las drogas o el alcohol. El centro presta servicios a pacientes de los países desarrollados (85%) y de la región del Caribe (15%). También se revisaron los récords médicos de los pacientes para obtener datos sobre edad, sexo, etnicidad, droga de elección, años de uso problemático, cumplimiento del programa de 29 días, participación de miembros de la familia en el Crossroads Centre Antigua (un programa de cuatro días) y aceptación de su inclusión en una "casa de medio camino." De los 100 pacientes antigüenses admitidos, 46 (46%) eran abstinentes (no recayentes) en un momento determinado, ubicado como promedio 20.7 ± 14.7 meses después del tratamiento. La abstinencia no tenía que ser continua. Se sabía que 49 (49%) estaban usando drogas o alcohol, y cinco (5%) fueron dados por perdidos del seguimiento y de regreso al uso de las drogas (recayentes). La edad (37.5 vs 41.1 años), sexo (28% varones vs 22% hembra), etnicidad (87% vs 87% Afrocaribeños), y los años de consumo perjudicial (12.7 vs 12.5 años) no presentaron diferencias significativas entre los recayentes y los no recayentes. El uso de la cocaína-crack (67% vs 65%) y el uso del alcohol (26% vs.31%) como adicción primaria, no mostró diferencias significativas entre los recayentes y los no recayentes. Los recayentes mostraron una probabilidad significativamente menor en cuanto a completar el programa de 29 días (81% vs 100%, p < 0.01), hacer que miembros de su familia participaran en Crossroads (32% vs 54%, p < 0.05) o aceptar su inclusión en la casa de medio camino (4% vs 54%, p < 0.001). En conclusión, se logró abstinencia en el 46% de los que adoptaron el tratamiento, el 51% de los que completaron el tratamiento, el 60% de aquellos cuyas familias participaron, y el 92% de quienes aceptaron ser ubicados en la casa de medio camino.